Alkaline phosphatase: beyond the liver

Fernandez, Nicole J; Kidney, Beverly A.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-165x.2007.tb00216.x

Cited by 208 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…ALP normally produced by syncytiotrophoblast cells of placenta and may be involved in migration of primordial germ cell in developing fetus (Heller and Joshi, 2006). In pregnant cows, increase in ALP may be up 4 times normal during mid and late pregnancy, playing an important role in fetus musculature via transfer of phosphate (Fernandez and Kidney, 2007). Similar profiles were also demonstrated by Pizzuti and Salvatori (1993) in Italian buffaloes.…”

Section: Blood Biochemical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 60%

Blood Metabolic Profile and Certain Hormones Concentrations in Egyptian Buffalo During Different Physiological States

Ashmawy¹

2015

Asian J. of Animal and Veterinary Advances

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The aim of this study is to determine the influence of physiological status on blood metabolic profile, enzymes and some hormones concentration in the blood of Egyptian buffalo. Investigations were carried out on 24 buffalo (12 pregnant buffalo cows on the 60th day prior to parturition and 12 lactating buffalo cow from 10th day of lactation during winter feeding season). The buffalo cow was average 3 years old and healthy. Buffalo were fed according to Mehlet Moussa Experimental Station which belongs to Animal Production Research Institute, north part of the Nile Delta, Egypt. The present study indicated that there was drop in calcium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium levels during early stage of lactation than pregnant period buffaloes, the opposite trend recorded in chloride levels. The concentrations of plasma glucose, urea, cholesterol, triglycerides and total protein were higher during pregnant period than in lactation period, the opposite trend recorded in creatinine level. The present study indicated that, the blood enzymes (AST, ALT and AlP) activities were insignificantly higher during pregnant period than in lactation period. The concentrations of plasma IGF-1, thyroid hormones and leptin were higher during pregnant period than in lactation period.

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Section: Blood Biochemical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 60%

Blood Metabolic Profile and Certain Hormones Concentrations in Egyptian Buffalo During Different Physiological States

Ashmawy¹

2015

Asian J. of Animal and Veterinary Advances

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“…Alkaline phosphatase activity in archaea has only rarely been reported, e.g., from extreme environments (33,34), while in eukaryotes it has been reported in Basidiomycetes (35) and in eukaryotic phytoplanktonic cells (36); in mammals, it is widely used as an indicator for liver disease (37). However, alkaline phosphatase activity has not previously been associated with the phoD gene in these taxa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

phoD Alkaline Phosphatase Gene Diversity in Soil

Ragot

Kertesz

Bünemann

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

220

151

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bPhosphatase enzymes are responsible for much of the recycling of organic phosphorus in soils. The PhoD alkaline phosphatase takes part in this process by hydrolyzing a range of organic phosphoesters. We analyzed the taxonomic and environmental distribution of phoD genes using whole-genome and metagenome databases. phoD alkaline phosphatase was found to be spread across 20 bacterial phyla and was ubiquitous in the environment, with the greatest abundance in soil. To study the great diversity of phoD, we developed a new set of primers which targets phoD genes in soil. The primer set was validated by 454 sequencing of six soils collected from two continents with different climates and soil properties and was compared to previously published primers. Up to 685 different phoD operational taxonomic units were found in each soil, which was 7 times higher than with previously published primers. The new primers amplified sequences belonging to 13 phyla, including 71 families. The most prevalent phoD genes identified in these soils were affiliated with the orders Actinomycetales (13 to 35%), Bacillales (1 to 29%), Gloeobacterales (1 to 18%), Rhizobiales (18 to 27%), and Pseudomonadales (0 to 22%). The primers also amplified phoD genes from additional orders, including Burkholderiales, Caulobacterales, Deinococcales, Planctomycetales, and Xanthomonadales, which represented the major differences in phoD composition between samples, highlighting the singularity of each community. Additionally, the phoD bacterial community structure was strongly related to soil pH, which varied between 4.2 and 6.8. These primers reveal the diversity of phoD in soil and represent a valuable tool for the study of phoD alkaline phosphatase in environmental samples. P hosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for all living cells (1). Despite its relative abundance in soils, P is one of the main limiting nutrients for terrestrial organisms (2). P is present in organic and inorganic forms in soil, but only the inorganic orthophosphate ions in soil solutions are readily available for plants (3). To sustain crop productivity, large amounts of P fertilizers are therefore used in agriculture, both as inorganic fertilizers (e.g., triple super phosphate) and organic fertilizers (e.g., manure). After application, some of the inorganic P is rapidly taken up by plants and microorganisms, while the remaining P is immobilized as insoluble and bound P forms in the soil. Microorganisms can access and recycle P from these recalcitrant P forms by solubilization of inorganic P and by mineralization of organic P via enzymatic processes mediated primarily by phosphatases, which hydrolyze the orthophosphate group from organic compounds (3). When facing P scarcity, microorganisms upregulate expression of functional genes coding for phosphatases (phosphomonoesterases, phosphodiesterases, phytases), high-affinity phosphate transporters, and enzymes for phosphonate utilization, which together constitute the Pho regulon (4). The phosphomonoesters which are hydrolyzed ...

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“…Injury to any of these tissues may cause elevation of AST in the blood level (Nathwani et al, 2005). It also helps in detecting hepatocellular necrosis but is considered a less specific biomarker enzyme for hepatocellular injury (Ozer et al, 2008) as it can also signify abnormalities in heart, muscle, brain or kidney (Fernandez and Kidney, 2007). The ALP cleaves phosphate monoesters making the excessive leakage of the enzyme to the extrahepatic tissues a threat to the cells of these tissues that rely on phosphate ester for survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Methanol Extract of Abrus precatorius Leaves on Male Wistar Albino Rats Induced Liver Damage using Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)

Uroko¹,

Adeyi²,

Hadiza³

et al. 2015

J. of Biological Sciences

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A B S T R A C T This study evaluates qualitative and quantitative phytochemical properties ofAbrus precatorius leaves. The vitamins and therapeutic effect of methanol extract against tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) induced liver damage in male Wistar albino rats. The results of phytochemical and vitamins indicates richness in saponins, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids with value 30.05±0.22%, while vitamins such as thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, antioxidant and vitamins A, C and E was quantified. The liver damage was observed in the animals with significant increase in ALT, AST and ALP following the in traperitoneal administration of CCl 4 . The methanol extract caused significant decrease (p<0.05) in the activities of these enzymes in the treated animals relative to positive control that received CCl 4 but were not treated. The extract showed potentials to mopping-up of free radicals generated by CCl 4 . The extract reduced lipid peroxidation in concentration dependent manner. The findings suggests that the extract have the capacity to improving liver functions and liver regeneration at high concentration. The extracts are safe for consumption, abundant phytochemicals and antioxidant vitamins could offer reasonable protections against oxidative stress.

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Alkaline phosphatase: beyond the liver

Cited by 208 publications

References 89 publications

Blood Metabolic Profile and Certain Hormones Concentrations in Egyptian Buffalo During Different Physiological States

Blood Metabolic Profile and Certain Hormones Concentrations in Egyptian Buffalo During Different Physiological States

phoD Alkaline Phosphatase Gene Diversity in Soil

Effect of Methanol Extract of Abrus precatorius Leaves on Male Wistar Albino Rats Induced Liver Damage using Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)

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