Alkaline membrane fuel cells: anion exchange membranes and fuels

Hren, Maša; Božič, Mojca; Fakin, Darinka; Stana‐Kleinschek, Karin; Gorgieva, Selestina

doi:10.1039/d0se01373k

Cited by 197 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 221 publications

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“…[ 257,258 ] Among them, PEMFCs have attracted more attention because of their high specific power and safe structure (solid proton exchange membranes have no corrosive effect on other cell components). [ 259 ] They work with a simple principle: using a solid polymer that can transfer protons as an electrolyte membrane, hydrogen or purified reforming gas as fuel, and air or oxygen as an oxidant to react with the anode and cathode through a catalytic layer. As a special material, h‐BN can block other macromolecular particles while ensuring that protons pass through the center of the BN hexagonal ring.…”

Section: Boron Nitride For Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Modification of Boron Nitride Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Theory to Application

Pu¹,

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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As a conventional insulating material, boron nitride (BN) has been mainly investigated in the electronics field. Very recently, with the development of preparation/modification technology and deeper understanding of the electrochemical mechanisms, BN‐based nanomaterials have made significant progress in the field of electrochemistry. Exploiting the characteristics of BN for advanced electrochemical devices is expected to be a breakthrough that will stimulate a new energy revolution. Owing to its chemical and thermal stability, as well as its high mechanical strength, BN can alleviate various inherent problems in electrochemical systems, such as thermal deformation of conventional organic separators, weak solid electrolyte interface layers of metal anodes, and electrocatalyst poisoning. The integration of BN with various electrochemical energy technologies is systematically summarized from the perspectives of material preparation, theoretical calculations, and practical applications. Moreover, the challenges and prospects for the future development of BN‐based electrochemistry are highlighted.

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Section: Boron Nitride For Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Modification of Boron Nitride Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Theory to Application

Pu¹,

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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“…如图类型、阴离子交换膜、气体扩散层、反应温度与压力等因素制约 [34] . 由于两部分的原因造成的 [35][36][37] , 一是 DAFC 中水分子的运输, 二是氨气的扩散. 在 DAFC 中水分子在膜间的传输有两种方式: 其一是电渗拖曳, 电渗作用方向与阳极 NH 3 燃料穿越方向相反; 另一种是反扩散, DAFC 阳极为"产水端"易在膜间形成了水分子传输通道, 而 NH 3 与水分子的极性相似, 两者分子大小又相近, 因而容易发生 NH 3 传输.…”

Section: 直接氨燃料电池测试unclassified

Performance Study of Direct Ammonia Fuel Cell Based on PtIr/C Anode Electrocatalyst

Chen¹,

Zheng²,

Lin³

et al. 2021

Acta Chimica Sinica

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Ammonia (NH3), a carbon-free hydrogen energy carrier, is a key green energy for decarbonization, because of its easier storage and transport properties compared with hydrogen, as well as its higher volumetric energy density, which makes it suitable as alternative fuel and renewable energy carrier. To study the performance of PtIr/C anode electrocatalyst as direct ammonia (gas) fuel cells (DAFC), a laboratory test device was used to investigate the performance of DAFC employing anion exchange membrane (AEM) at different operating temperatures. Electrocatalytic activity of the PtIr/C electrocatalyst and performance of DAFC were examined by electrochemical workstation, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of NH3-KOH concentration in anode fuel on ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) activity was investigated. An on-line Fourier infrared (FTIR) gas analyzer was used to measure the ammonia concentration and spectra of cathode exhausted gas in DAFC. The results showed that the highest open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.50 V and the peak power density of 3.2 mW•cm −2 were obtained in DAFC at 80 ℃. The increased OCV might be attributed to the synergistic benefits (electronic effects) between Pt and Ir in the Pt-Ir transition alloys, which resulted in a shift to the lower over-potential of AOR. The rise in peak power density was mainly due to the increase of temperature, which improved the desorption of intermediate adsorption species (Nads) from the electrocatalyst, as well as it enhanced the kinetics of AOR. The suitable NH3-KOH concentration could reduce the onset potential of AOR and improve the catalytic activity. Both gas content and FTIR spectrum of the DAFC cathode exhausted gas confirmed the presence of ammonia concentration in exhausted gas at different temperatures, which demonstrated that ammonia fuel crossed the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) to the cathode site. It was further observed that ammonia cross-over increased with temperature, which led to a degradation of the cathode Pt/C electrocatalyst and resulted in the decrease of the OCV and power density of the DAFC. In this paper, the theoretical basis of DAFC agreed well with the experimental data. To further improve the performance of DAFC, it suggested that a high quality AEM allowing hydroxyl ion passing through but prohibiting ammonia cross-over, should be developed.

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“…In seeking sustainability and green development, the investigation on biopolymeric AEMs nowadays becomes actual among the research community. [1] Natural polymers, such as chitosan (CS), have been recognised as a potential alternative to synthetic AEMs. [2] CS is a deacetylated chitin product found in the exoskeleton of invertebrates and the cell walls of fungi, consisting predominantly of 2-amino-2-deoxy-Dglucopyranose units, linked by ß-1,4-bond.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficiency of chitosan-graphene oxide composite membranes modified with genipin in fuel cell application

et al. 2022

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The paper reports on the processing of chitosan N-doped reduced graphene oxide (CS/N-rGO) nanocomposite membranes prepared by a facile, dispersion-casting procedure aimed as anion exchange membranes in fuel cells. Genipin (GEN) was used as a crosslinking agent to ameliorate mechanical weakens of nanocomposite membranes, while the N-rGO filler, aside of its role as a mechanical enhancer, is expected to improve the ionic conductivity of membranes. The resulting properties of processed membranes in terms of morphology, tensile strength, elasticity, and ethanol permeability were examined. The relevance of the membranes in terms of efficiency and performance was demonstrated in a single cell test.

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Alkaline membrane fuel cells: anion exchange membranes and fuels

Abstract: Alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AAEMFC) are attracting ever-increasing attention, as they are promising electrochemical devices for energy production, presenting a viable opponent to proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).

Cited by 197 publications

References 221 publications

Synthesis and Modification of Boron Nitride Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Theory to Application

Synthesis and Modification of Boron Nitride Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Theory to Application

Performance Study of Direct Ammonia Fuel Cell Based on PtIr/C Anode Electrocatalyst

The efficiency of chitosan-graphene oxide composite membranes modified with genipin in fuel cell application

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