Aliphatic amide salt, a new type of luminogen: Characterization, emission and biological applications

Fluorescence Behavior and Mechanisms of Poly(ethylene glycol) and Their Applications in Fe3+ and Cr6+ Detections, Data Encryption, and Cell Imaging

“…As to fluorescent polymers, EDE has been also reported for those with conventional chromophores, aromatic groups, or a highly conjugated structure, , although the solvating effect is also involved in the aggregated states. In contrast, EDE has been observed in much more reports on those with NTIP chromophores. ,,− ,,,,, For instance, EDE behavior was reported on poly­(aminoester) and ascribed to the cluster formation owing to its amine and ester groups, making possible n−π* electron transition from the amino to carbonyl in the aggregated state. , The same EDE was also found on poly­(maleic anhydride- alt -vinylpyrrolidone) and attributed to intra- and interchain interactions between N and O atoms in the clusters of their polymer chains . Therefore, it is rational to attribute fluorescent behaviors of PEG to the CTE mechanism.…”

“…From above analysis, PEG fluorescent emission is well understood based on CTE mechanism, i.e., owing to aggregation of their chains, and the through-space electron conjugation arising therefrom. One of typical characteristic of CTE materials is that their emission is commonly dependent on their chain motion ability, which is adjustable by changing temperature of their solution and by adding poor or nonsolvent in the solution. ,,,,,, By lowering temperature, the conformation of the clusters and the mobility of the polymer chains will be surely affected, the emission is enhanced at lower temperature, because polymer chains are more rigidified, and their motion more limited, which would in general reduce the probability of the relaxation back to ground state through nonirradiative pathway for any excited electron, since it is well accepted that de-excitation of any exciton through nonirradiation is enhanced at higher temperature, attenuating therefore the emission intensity. , Fluorescence emission of PEG solutions of different M n was tested at temperatures from 5 to 70 °C under excitation λ ex = 280 nm, which showed a gradual decrease in emission intensity with increased temperature for all PEGs, regardless of their M n (Figure S13), in good agreement with the expectation. Similar to lowering the temperature, the chain mobility must be gradually restricted by adding poor or nonsolvent in P8k solution, the emission intensity was therefore enhanced by consequence (Figure S14).…”

“…Similar to lowering the temperature, the chain mobility must be gradually restricted by adding poor or nonsolvent in P8k solution, the emission intensity was therefore enhanced by consequence (Figure S14). ,,, …”

“…This section, including three subsections, Materials, Cytotoxicity Assay and Cell Imaging, , Instrumentation and Measurements, is presented in the Supporting Information.…”

Fluorescent linear polyurea based on toluene diisocyanate: Easy preparation, broad emission and potential applications

“…As described above, TPU emission in visible region was believed to be owing to cluster formation of TPU chains due to interaction of their functional groups. To support this conjecture, TPU solution in DMSO at different concentrations was prepared, and DLS test was conducted to explore the presence of the expected clusters [54]. The results revealed that clusters or aggregates were indeed occurring in TPU solution under certain circumstances.…”