Alignment Tolerant Couplers for Silicon Photonics

Romero-García, Sebastián; Shen, Bin; Merget, Florian; Marzban, Bahareh; Witzens, Jeremy

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2015.2432025

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…After increasing the Rx bandwidth (here increasing the oscilloscope bandwidth throttling the link), this would, however, require a 25/14∼1.8 times increase in the EDFA input power per channel to maintain the same ASE limited Q-factor. By removing the intermediate fiber between the laser and the SiP chip [64,65], and thus removing an optical interface, and by improving the grating coupler losses, this power level can be reached. Moreover, SS-MLLs with a slightly larger FSR are also expected to emit more power per comb line (the optimum in this regard is for a FSR on the order of 70-100 GHz, above 100 GHz, the power per comb line drops again due to the decreased cavity size).…”

Section: Nf/10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon photonics WDM transmitter with single section semiconductor mode-locked laser

Müller

Hauck

Shen

et al. 2015

Advanced Optical Technologies

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Abstract:We demonstrate a wavelength domain-multiplexed (WDM) optical link relying on a single section semiconductor mode-locked laser (SS-MLL) with quantum dash (Q-Dash) gain material to generate 25 optical carriers spaced by 60.8 GHz, as well as silicon photonics (SiP) resonant ring modulators (RRMs) to modulate individual optical channels. The link requires optical reamplification provided by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) in the system experiments reported here. Open eye diagrams with signal quality factors (Q-factors) above 7 are measured with a commercial receiver (Rx). For higher compactness and cost effectiveness, reamplification of the modulated channels with a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) operated in the linear regime is highly desirable. System and device characterization indicate compatibility with the latter. While we expect channel counts to be primarily limited by the saturation output power level of the SOA, we estimate a single SOA to support more than eight channels. Prior to describing the system experiments, component design and detailed characterization results are reported including design and characterization of RRMs, ring-based resonant optical add-drop multiplexers (RROADMs) and thermal tuners, S-parameters resulting from the interoperation of RRMs and RR-OADMs, and characterization of Q-Dash SS-MLLs reamplified with a commercial SOA. Particular emphasis is placed on peaking effects in the transfer functions of RRMs and RR-OADMs resulting from transient effects in the optical domain, as well as on the characterization of SS-MLLs in regard to relative intensity noise (RIN), stability of the modes of operation, and excess noise after reamplification.

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Section: Nf/10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon photonics WDM transmitter with single section semiconductor mode-locked laser

Müller

Hauck

Shen

et al. 2015

Advanced Optical Technologies

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“…As can be seen in the bottom panel, the power coupled in either waveguide is equal and remains within 1 dB of its nominal value (centered fiber) within a ±7.2 µm misalignment range in the transverse/lateral direction (red arrow in the micrograph), a tolerance almost 3X larger than a conventional grating coupler. In the longitudinal direction, the [13] and (bottom) corresponding coupling efficiency into either of the two output waveguides (black and red curves) as well as the cumulative coupling efficiency (solid blue curve) as compared to a regular single mode grating coupler (SMGC) fabricated in the same technology (dash dotted blue curve). The transverse misalignment, as shown by the red arrow in the micrograph, is indicated on the x-axis.…”

Section: Passive Biasing Of Mzms By Means Of Multimode Couplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the interferometer branches is routed around the first MMGC (red arrow) in order to maintain the phase sensitivity of the device [13]. other out [13]. Note that this requires one waveguide to be routed around the first MMGC as indicated by a red arrow.…”

Section: Combined Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband, temperature tolerant and passively biased resonantly enhanced Mach-Zehnder modulators

Romero-García

Moscoso-Mártir

Nojić

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE 13th Annual International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)

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We describe a resonantly enhanced Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) that can be operated over a wide temperature range of 55 o C without being actively biased, while providing a significant resonant enhancement of 6.8 at the nominal wavelength / temperature compared to a linear MZM driven with a distributed driver. More importantly, it enables a ~20X improvement in power consumption compared to a 50 W matched linear travelling wave modulator with comparable phase shifter technology, drive voltage and output optical modulation amplitude. Passive biasing of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is further implemented by replacing a splitter element in the MZM with a novel device combining splitting and fiber coupling functionalities in a single, multi-modal structure, that converts permanent fiber placement into a phase correction. Both concepts are combined in a single modulator device, removing the need for any type of active control in a wide temperature operation range.

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“…Moreover, lateral displacements of the input light source over a large range do not significantly penalize Insertion Losses (ILs) or splitting imbalance. Thus, multimode couplers have been proposed to relax the alignment tolerances for efficient fiber-to-chip coupling with a demonstrated three-fold improvement in comparison with conventional single mode couplers 9,13 . In a MMGC, the input displacement is converted into a relative phase shift between the outputs.…”

Section: Passively Biased Scheme With Multimode Grating Couplermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, an integration scheme passively sets the 3 dB point during attachment of the input fiber relative to a misalignment tolerant Multimode Grating Coupler (MMGC) also used as the splitter element of the interferometer 9 . This scheme avoids the necessity of corrective phase tuners and the associated power consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passively biased resonantly enhanced silicon photonics modulator with high optical bandwidth

Romero-García

Moscoso-Mártir

Azadeh

et al. 2017

Silicon Photonics XII

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Ring resonator modulators reach high modulation efficiencies, are very compact and can be electrically driven as lumped elements. However, their limited optical bandwidth requires temperature stabilization, limiting their power efficiency. A novel ring assisted Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) aggressively reduces power consumption. Moreover, an integration scheme passively sets the 3 dB point during attachment of the input fiber relative to a multimode grating coupler used as the first splitter element of the interferometer. Straight phase shifters are replaced by arrays of highly overcoupled resonators maintaining a sufficiently high finesse and a substantial resonant enhancement while minimizing the excess losses at the resonator to waveguide junctions. A large resonance bandwidth compatible with thermal operation over 50 °C without dynamic compensation is obtained together with a factor larger than four in the reduction of power consumption relative to a conventional MZM.

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Alignment Tolerant Couplers for Silicon Photonics

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Silicon photonics WDM transmitter with single section semiconductor mode-locked laser

Silicon photonics WDM transmitter with single section semiconductor mode-locked laser

Broadband, temperature tolerant and passively biased resonantly enhanced Mach-Zehnder modulators

Passively biased resonantly enhanced silicon photonics modulator with high optical bandwidth

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