Algorithm for irradiance tailoring using multiple freeform optical surfaces

Bäuerle, Axel; Bruneton, Adrien; Wester, Rolf; Stollenwerk, Jochen; Loosen, Peter

doi:10.1364/oe.20.014477

Cited by 112 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The Monge-Ampere equations and Cartesian ovals solve their design problems exactly only for point sources, whereas SMS deals with the extended ones. Significant progress is being made in the Monge-Ampere case to generalize it to an extended source, using iterative compensation algorithms [11].…”

Section: Wwwdegruytercom/aotmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMS freeforms for illumination

Benı́tez¹,

Miñano²,

Chaves

et al. 2013

Advanced Optical Technologies

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SMS 3D (simultaneous multiple surfaces in their three-dimensional version) is a well-known design method comprising two freeform surfaces that allow the perfect coupling of two wavefronts with another two. The design algorithm provides a collection of line pairs on both surfaces (called SMS spines), whose three-dimensional shape seems arbitrary at first sight. This paper shows that the shapes of the spines are partially governed by applying the étendue conservation theorem to the biparametric bundle of rays linking the paired spines, which is one lesser known éten-due invariants found by Poincaré. The resulting formulae for the spines in three-dimensional space happen to coincide with the conventional étendue formulas of two-dimensional geometry, like for instance, the Hottel formula.

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Section: Wwwdegruytercom/aotmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMS freeforms for illumination

Benı́tez¹,

Miñano²,

Chaves

et al. 2013

Advanced Optical Technologies

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“…Since an LED lens with a single freeform surface has a limitation in controlling the luminous flux emitted from an LED, as mentioned previously, design methods for an LED lens with double freeform surfaces (double freeform-surface lens) have received much attention recently [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Unfortunately, geometric optics cannot provide the necessary and sufficient conditions for making the simultaneous differential equations for a double freeform-surface lens complete, contrary to the case of a single freeform surface [19,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, different design methods for a double freeform-surface lens suffer from similar incompleteness. The combination of the edge-ray and luminance-engineering principles was used to resolve the problem in reference [22], and the so-called integrability condition for the surface normal vectors was used in reference [23]. A double freeform-surface lens for shaping a laser beam has been designed using two conditions on the intensity and phase distributions [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Method for a Total Internal Reflection LED Lens with Double Freeform Surfaces for Narrow and Uniform Illumination

Yang¹,

Park²,

Beom‐Hoan³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

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In this paper, we propose a novel differential equation method for designing a total internal reflection (TIR) LED lens with double freeform surfaces. A complete set of simultaneous differential equations for the method is derived from the condition for minimizing the Fresnel loss, illumination models, Snell's Law of ray propagation, and a new constraint on the incident angle of a ray on the light-exiting surface of the lens. The last constraint is essential to complete the set of simultaneous differential equations. By adopting the TIR structure and applying the condition for minimizing the Fresnel loss, it is expected that the proposed TIR LED lens can have a high luminous flux efficiency, even though its beam-spread angle is narrow. To validate the proposed method, three TIR LED lenses with beam-spread angles of less than 22.6° have been designed, and their performances evaluated by ray tracing. Their luminous flux efficiencies could be obviously increased by at least 35% and 5%, compared to conventional LED lenses with a single freeform surface and with double freeform surfaces, respectively.

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“…Compared with traditional optical components, freeform optics can precisely control the distribution of light beams, and simplify the system with fewer surfaces, lower mass which reduces the difficulty in assembly [7][8][9][10]. In this study, we propose a novel source collimating approach by using freeform lens to extend the working wavelength range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%