Alginate Particles as Platform for Drug Delivery by the Oral Route: State-of-the-Art

Abstract

Pharmaceutical research and development aims to design products with ensured safety, quality, and efficacy to treat disease. To make the process more rational, coherent, efficient, and cost-effective, the field of Pharmaceutical Materials Science has emerged as the systematic study of the physicochemical properties and behavior of materials of pharmaceutical interest in relation to product performance. The oral route is the most patient preferred for drug administration. The presence of a mucus layer that covers the entire gastrointestinal tract has been exploited to expand the use of the oral route by developing a mucoadhesive drug delivery system that showed a prolonged residence time. Alginic acid and sodium and potassium alginates have emerged as one of the most extensively explored mucoadhesive biomaterials owing to very good cytocompatibility and biocompatibility, biodegradation, sol-gel transition properties, and chemical versatility that make possible further modifications to tailor their properties. The present review overviews the most relevant applications of alginate microparticles and nanoparticles for drug administration by the oral route and discusses the perspectives of this biomaterial in the future.

Lactobacillus casei loaded Soy Protein-Alginate Microparticles prepared by Spray-Drying

“…There is a possibility that the higher concentration of CaCl 2 in the cross-linking medium competitively displaced the soy protein from its bonding site with alginate, leading to the formation of microparticles with more junction zones and/or increased porosity. If so, the probiotic exposure to the harsh SGJ conditions as well as the susceptibility of the microparticles to disintegration was increased (12). Therefore, the higher adhesion capacity and possibly the lower vulnerability of the cell-cross--linked SPI-alginate microparticles to the environmental stress (acidic pH, bile salts and digestive enzymes) could explain the higher probiotic viability in the simulated GIJ.…”

“…So far, alginate was most ly used as a protective polymeric matrix for probiotic microencapsulation, producing a particularly strong molecular framework and thermoirreversible and freeze-thaw stable microparticles in the presence of Ca 2+ (11). However, the Ca-alginate beads alone have shown low ability to protect the cells at a low pH due to the sensitivity of Ca -chelating agents in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) (12). For this reason, complexation of alginate with other polymers has been commonly used to control the disintegration of alginate beads and to target the probiotic release within the GIT, although with variable success (11,13).…”

Synthesis of S-nitrosoglutathione-alginate for prolonged delivery of nitric oxide in intestines

“…Alginates are naturally occurring polyanionic polysaccharides and are isolated from brown seaweed (Phaeophyceae (Tonnesen & Karlsen, 2002)), macrocystis pyrifera, laminaria hyperborea, and ascophyllum nodsum (Sosnik, 2014). Alginic acid, sodium and potassium alginates (ALG) are among the most extensively explored mucoadhesive biomaterials having good cytocompatibility, biocompatibility, biodegradation, and chemical versatility, which make them suitable for further modifications to its properties (Sosnik, 2014).…”

“…Alginic acid, sodium and potassium alginates (ALG) are among the most extensively explored mucoadhesive biomaterials having good cytocompatibility, biocompatibility, biodegradation, and chemical versatility, which make them suitable for further modifications to its properties (Sosnik, 2014). In a study reported by Bernkop Schnurch et al, a mucoadhesive thiolated polymer was synthesized and characterized by linking alginate to cysteine.…”

Avaliação Da Eficiência De Incorporação De Diclofenaco De Sódio Em Partículas De Sericina E Alginato

“…A sericina é uma proteína globular hidrossolúvel, presente nos casulos do bichoda-seda (Bombyx mori) (ARAMWIT, SIRTIENTONG e SRICHNA, 2012), que constitui de 25 a 30 % da massa seca do casulo (ZHANG, 2002 (SOSNIK, 2014). Desta forma, a produção da blenda entre sericina e alginato pode fornecer partículas com propriedades favoráveis para a incorporação de fármacos (KHANDAI et al, 2010).…”