Algae

Goodwin, T. W.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-5860-9_7

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…The chromophyte chloroplast evolved from the red algae lineage through a second endosymbiotic event (∼1270 mya; Durnford et al 1999). The capacity of the Chromophyta to synthesize α‐carotene and its derivates (Goodwin 1980, van den Hoek et al 1995, Stolte et al 2000) together with the presence of XC‐related pigments is in accordance with its red alga origin.…”

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confidence: 84%

“…There are contradictory reports about the carotenoid content in red algae. Some reports indicate that this group has a carotenoid profile, with Zea and lutein (Lut) as the only xanthophylls (Bjørnland and Aguilar‐Martinez 1976, Goodwin 1980). In contrast, more complex carotenoid profiles have also been reported, with the presence of allenic and acetylenic carotenoids such as fucoxanthin and neoxanthin, respectively (Bjørnland and Aguilar‐Martinez 1976, Czeczuga 1979, Schöbel 2002).…”

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CAROTENOID COMPOSITION OF MARINE RED ALGAE¹

Schubert

García‐Mendoza

Pacheco‐Ruiz

2006

Journal of Phycology

157

105

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Photosynthetic organisms possess carotenoids that function either as accessory, photoprotective, or structural pigments. Therefore, the carotenoid profile provides information about certain photoacclimation and photoprotection responses. Carotenoids are also important chemosystematic markers because specific enzymes mediate each step of carotenoid biosynthesis. For red algae, diverse and often contradictory carotenoid compositions have been reported. As a consequence, it is difficult to infer the physiological importance of carotenoids in Rhodophyta. To characterize the relationship between carotenoid composition, rhodophycean phylogeny, and the presence of potentially photoprotective pigments, we analyzed the carotenoid composition of 65 subtropical species from 12 orders and 18 rhodophyte families. Our results showed that red algae do not present a unique carotenoid profile. However, a common profile was observed up to the level of order, with exception of the Ceramiales and the Corallinales. The main difference between profiles is related to the xanthophyll that represents the major carotenoid. In some species lutein is the major carotenoid while in others it is substituted by zeaxanthin or antheraxanthin. The presence of this epoxy carotenoid together with the presence of violaxanthin that are xanthophyll cycle (XC)-related pigments was found in four of the 12 analyzed orders. The carotenoid pigment profiles are discussed in relation to Rhodophyta phylogeny, and it is suggested that the xanthophyll cycle-related pigments appeared early in the evolution of eukaryotic phototrophs.

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confidence: 84%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

CAROTENOID COMPOSITION OF MARINE RED ALGAE¹

Schubert

García‐Mendoza

Pacheco‐Ruiz

2006

Journal of Phycology

157

105

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Analysis of Chlorophylls, Carotenoids, and Tocopherols in Lichens

Pfeifhofer

Willfurth²,

Zorn³

et al. 2002

Protocols in Lichenology

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Isolation and Characterization of a Xanthophyll Aberrant Mutant of the Green Alga Nannochloropsis oculata

et al. 2006

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Novel mutants (xan1 and xan2) of the unicellular green alga Nannochloropsis oculata are impaired in xanthophyll biosynthesis, thereby producing aberrant levels of xanthophylls. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that the xan1 and xan2 mutants have double the violaxanthin (V) content, but have significantly decreased lutein content in their cells compared to the wild type. Furthermore, these mutants contain two to three times more zeaxanthin than the wild type under low light (LL) growth conditions. However, this xanthophyll aberration in N. oculata did not affect the normal growth and the major cellular chemical composition of the xan1 strain. The xanthophyll pool size of the LL-grown mutant was 1.8-fold greater than that of the wild type. Under high light (HL) growth conditions, V content was substantially decreased in both the mutant and wild types because of the epoxidation state of the xanthophylls. Under LL growth conditions, the deepoxidation states of the xanthophyll pool sizes were 0.1 and 1.2 in the wild type and the mutant, respectively. However, the deepoxidation states of the xanthophyll pool sizes were 0.78 in the wild type and 0.87 in the mutant under HL growth conditions. We observed that the level of one of the commercially important xanthophylls, zeaxanthin, was higher in the mutant than in the wild type under all culture conditions. This mutant is discussed in terms of its commercial value and potential utilization by the algal biotechnology industry for the production of zeaxanthin.

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Algae

Cited by 5 publications

References 176 publications

CAROTENOID COMPOSITION OF MARINE RED ALGAE¹

CAROTENOID COMPOSITION OF MARINE RED ALGAE¹

Analysis of Chlorophylls, Carotenoids, and Tocopherols in Lichens

Isolation and Characterization of a Xanthophyll Aberrant Mutant of the Green Alga Nannochloropsis oculata

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Algae

Cited by 5 publications

References 176 publications

CAROTENOID COMPOSITION OF MARINE RED ALGAE1

CAROTENOID COMPOSITION OF MARINE RED ALGAE1

Analysis of Chlorophylls, Carotenoids, and Tocopherols in Lichens

Isolation and Characterization of a Xanthophyll Aberrant Mutant of the Green Alga Nannochloropsis oculata

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CAROTENOID COMPOSITION OF MARINE RED ALGAE¹

CAROTENOID COMPOSITION OF MARINE RED ALGAE¹