Alfaxalone in cyclodextrin for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in ponies undergoing field castration

Leece, Elizabeth A; Girard, Nicolas; Maddern, Kieren

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2009.00479.x

Cited by 34 publications

(64 citation statements)

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“…The observed alfaxalone induction doses (1.75 mg/kg -3.00 mg/kg) are similar to those reported in earlier studies in other species such as: sheep Torres et al 2012); dogs (Maddern et al 2010;Suarez et al 2012); and ponies (Klöppel & Leece 2011;Leece et al 2009), but lower than doses reported in cats (Martinez Taboada & Murison 2010;Mathis et al 2012). The reason for the lack of agreement in alfaxalone dose could be the difference in the rate at which alfaxalone was administered.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In goats, induction of general anaesthesia can be achieved by administration of ketamine, propofol or thiopentone (Dzikiti 2013;Prassinos et al 2005). Recently, alfaxalone has been shown to be an alternative induction agent in: dogs (Ferré et al 2006;Muir et al 2008;Suarez et al 2012); cats ; sheep ); ponies (Klöppel & Leece 2011;Leece et al 2009); and horses (Goodwin et al 2011). However, its efficacy as an induction agent in goats has not yet been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles make it ideal for intravenous induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia in dogs (Ambrisko et al 2011;Ambros et al 2008;Ferré et al 2006;Jiménez et al 2012;Maddern et al 2010;Michou et al 2012;Muir et al 2008;Psatha et al 2011;Rodríguez et al 2012;Suarez et al 2012). Alfaxalone has been reported to be a suitable anaesthetic-induction agent at a dose of 2.00 mg/kg in unsedated sheep , Torres et al 2012, sedated dogs (Maddern et al 2009;Suarez et al 2012) and ponies (Klöppel & Leece 2011;Leece et al 2010 To the knowledge of the authors, there are currently no scientific reports on the effects of commonly used sedatives on the induction dose of alfaxalone in goats, as well as the impact of these agents on the quality of general anaesthesia arising from their use. The present study tested the null hypothesis that midazolam, alone or combined with butorphanol, does not affect the induction dose of alfaxalone versus the alternative hypothesis that midazolam and butorphanol affect the alfaxalone induction dose in goats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of midazolam and butorphanol, administered alone or combined, on the dose and quality of anaesthetic induction with alfaxalone in goats

Dzikiti¹,

Zeiler²,

Dzikiti³

et al. 2014

J S Afr Vet Assoc

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Goats are rarely anaesthetised; consequently, scant information is available on the efficacy of anaesthetic drugs in this species. Alfaxalone is a relatively new anaesthetic agent, of which the efficacy in goats has not yet been studied. In this study, the sedative and alfaxalone sparing effects of midazolam and butorphanol, administered alone or concomitantly, in goats were assessed. Eight clinically healthy goats, four does and four wethers, were enlisted in a randomised crossover manner to receive intramuscular sedative treatments consisting of saline 0.05 mL/kg, or midazolam 0.30 mg/kg, or butorphanol 0.10 mg/kg, or a combination of midazolam 0.30 mg/kg with butorphanol 0.10 mg/kg before intravenous induction of general anaesthesia with alfaxalone. Following induction, the goats were immediately intubated and the quality of anaesthesia and basic physiological cardiorespiratory and blood-gas parameters were assessed until the goats had recovered from anaesthesia. The degree of sedation, quality of induction and recovery were scored. When compared with saline (3.00 mg/kg), midazolam,administered alone or with butorphanol, caused a statistically significant increased level of sedation and a reduction in the amount of alfaxalone required for induction (2.00 mg/kg and 1.70 mg/kg, respectively). Butorphanol alone (2.30 mg/kg) did not cause significant changes in level of sedation or alfaxalone-induction dose. During induction and recovery, the goats were calm following all treatments, including the control group. Cardiorespiratory and blood-gas parameters were maintained within clinically acceptable limits. The present study showed that midazolam, administered alone or combined with butorphanol, produces a degree of sedation that significantly reduces the dose of alfaxalone required for induction of general anaesthesia in goats, without causing any major adverse cardiorespiratory effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effects of midazolam and butorphanol, administered alone or combined, on the dose and quality of anaesthetic induction with alfaxalone in goats

Dzikiti¹,

Zeiler²,

Dzikiti³

et al. 2014

J S Afr Vet Assoc

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“…Injection of alfaxalone is not painful and no irritation or inflammation was observed even after perivascular administration. To date, alfaxalone has been tested mainly in mammals (Ferre et al 2006;Muir et al 2008Muir et al , 2009Leece et al 2009;Maddern et al 2010) where the administration of high doses can be associated with certain complications (Muir et al 2009;Maddern et al 2010). Adverse effects of alfaxalone include temporary hypotension, and higher doses may result in prolonged apnea (Leece et al 2009;Muir et al 2009;Maddern et al 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alfaxalone (3-α-hydroxy-5-α-pregnane-11,20-dione) represents a veterinary alternative of drugs used for controlled sedation or anaesthesia (Leece et al 2009). The benefits of alfaxalone in small animals include rapid induction and fast recovery (Maddern et al 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alfaxalone anaesthesia in the green iguana (Iguana iguana)

et al. 2013

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The aim of this study was to evaluate short-term intravenous anaesthesia with alfaxalone in green iguanas (Iguana iguana). Alfaxalone at a dose rate of 5 mg/kg was administered to thirteen adult male green iguanas via the ventral caudal vein following 24 h fasting. The induction time, tracheal tube insertion time, surgical plane of anaesthesia interval, and full recovery time were recorded. Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure (measured indirectly), pulse rate, respiratory rate, SpO 2 and ETCO 2 were recorded. The induction time and tracheal tube insertion time was 41.54 ± 27.69 s and 69.62 ± 37.03 s, respectively. The time from the alfaxalone administration to the loss of toe-pinch reflex was 2.20 ± 1.47 min. Full activity was restored 14.23 ± 4.15 min after the initial alfaxalone administration. The respiratory rate increased significantly (P < 0.01) from 4.3. ± 3.2 to 6.8 ± 1.6 breaths per min and a gradual decrease of ETCO 2 from 43.65 ± 10.54 to 26.58 ± 8.10 mmHg (P < 0.01) was noted from the second to the 13 th min after alfaxalone administration. The pulse rate, SpO 2 and blood pressure did not change significantly. Intravenous use of alfaxalone proved to be a suitable and safe form for short term anaesthesia in green iguanas.

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TIVA/TCI in Veterinary Practice

Beths

2017

Total Intravenous Anesthesia and Target Controlled Infusions

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Alfaxalone in cyclodextrin for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in ponies undergoing field castration

Cited by 34 publications

References 1 publication

The effects of midazolam and butorphanol, administered alone or combined, on the dose and quality of anaesthetic induction with alfaxalone in goats

The effects of midazolam and butorphanol, administered alone or combined, on the dose and quality of anaesthetic induction with alfaxalone in goats

Alfaxalone anaesthesia in the green iguana (Iguana iguana)

TIVA/TCI in Veterinary Practice

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