Alendronate, Vitamin D, and Calcium for the Treatment of Osteopenia/Osteoporosis Associated With HIV Infection

Mondy, Kristin; Powderly, William G.; Claxton, Sherry; Yarasheski, Kevin E.; Royal, Michael; Stoneman, John; Hoffmann, Mary E.; Tebas, Pablo

doi:10.1097/01.qai.0000145352.04440.1e

Cited by 132 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In these intervention studies, the active drug arm received bisphosphonates, while the control arm received only low-dose vitamin D and calcium supplementation [79,80]. In these studies, HIV-infected persons on stable, long-term cART achieved improvements in BMD over 48 weeks of follow-up, with greater improvements in BMD with the addition of bisphosphonates.…”

Section: Relationship Between Vitamin D and Low Bone Mineral Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rapidly Evolving Research on Vitamin D Among HIV-Infected Populations

Overton

Yin

2010

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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With ongoing improvement in antiretroviral therapy, mortality among HIV-infected persons has dramatically decreased. For HIV-infected persons who remain engaged in care on suppressive therapy, life expectancy approaches that of the general population. Additionally, we have seen increases in comorbidities traditionally associated with aging: diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, and osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency has also been identified as a highly prevalent entity among HIV-infected populations. The association of vitamin D deficiency with several of these comorbidities and its impact on immune function provide the impetus for well-designed studies to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on HIV disease and antiretroviral therapy. This review summarizes the role of vitamin D in several disease states that are prevalent among HIV populations, with a specific focus on bone health and the interactions with antiretroviral medications.

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Section: Relationship Between Vitamin D and Low Bone Mineral Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rapidly Evolving Research on Vitamin D Among HIV-Infected Populations

Overton

Yin

2010

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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“…40 Despite our poor understanding of the factors associated with reduced bone mineral density, screening and assessment for risk factors for bone loss should be undertaken to lessen morbidity from osteopenia and osteoporosis as the HIVinfected population matures.…”

Section: Bone Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33,39,40 Additional factors such as poor nutrition, wasting, steroid use, hypogonadism, and opiate use may decrease bone mineral density in HIV-infected persons. [40][41][42] Early literature suggested that protease inhibitors may be associated with reduced bone mineral density, 43 whereas other studies observed a protective effect of protease inhibitors on bone mineral density. 44,45 Recent studies, however, have refuted earlier reports and concluded that HIV infection, independent of antiretroviral therapy, is associated with reduced bone mineral density in both men and women.…”

Section: Bone Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and HIV Infection

Kohli

Klein

Schoenbaum³

et al. 2006

J Urban Health

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With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in mid-1995, the prognosis for HIV-infected individuals has brightened dramatically. However, the conjunction of potent antiviral therapy and longer life expectancy may engender a variety of health risks that, heretofore, HIV specialists have not had to confront. The long-term effects of HIV infection itself and exposure to antiretroviral agents is unknown. Several aspects of aging, including psychiatric disease, neurocognitive impairment, and metabolic and hormonal disorders, may be influenced by chronic exposure to HIV and/or HIV therapeutics. In this paper, we discuss the health issues confronting HIV-infected older adults and areas for future research.

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“…Osteoporosis screening has to be done after the age of 50 for those individuals on tenofovir or didanosine, and should be done on all patients who are over 50 years in age and have HIV [16,17]. Treatment of osteoporosis should be done by the aid of calcium, vitamin D and bisphosphonates [36][37][38].…”

Section: Hiv Treatment With Art Principles In Adverse Reaction Managmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Hepatic Adverse Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Treatment and Care

JR¹,

PE²

2016

J Infect Dis Ther

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High-level viral replication occurs when HIV enters the body. Due to frequent mutations, the virus becomes resistant in the body and persists in memory T cells making it incurable. Lifelong therapy is then required to suppress replication of the virus in the cells. The drugs available for HIV care such as Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Protease Inhibitors, Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Entry and Fusion Inhibitors and Integrase inhibitors have been documented to cause adverse effects in patients. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system, resulting to numerous drug-drug interactions. Adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy should be monitored frequently. Monitoring should include complete blood counts and comprehensive metabolic profiles every three to six months. Lipid profiles and urinalysis for proteinuria should be done after every year. Long-term morbidity due to antiretroviral therapy includes renal, liver, glucose, and lipid abnormalities, and bone disease as well as cardiovascular disease. With some exceptions for lipid management, these morbidities can be managed. This review aims at describing different non-hepatic adverse effects of antiretrovirals as well as factors associated with them.

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Alendronate, Vitamin D, and Calcium for the Treatment of Osteopenia/Osteoporosis Associated With HIV Infection

Abstract: Alendronate, vitamin D, and calcium are safe and potentially useful in the treatment of osteopenia/osteoporosis associated with HIV infection.

Cited by 132 publications

References 16 publications

The Rapidly Evolving Research on Vitamin D Among HIV-Infected Populations

The Rapidly Evolving Research on Vitamin D Among HIV-Infected Populations

Aging and HIV Infection

Non-Hepatic Adverse Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Treatment and Care

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