The Rapidly Evolving Research on Vitamin D Among HIV-Infected Populations

Overton, Edgar Turner; Yin, Michael T.

doi:10.1007/s11908-010-0144-x

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…9,10,24,29,31,35,37,38,40,45,51 Such findings are supported by the pharmacology of these compounds, since it is well established that some of them may affect the metabolism of vitamin D (eg, via cytochrome P450 enzymes). 19 Similarly, the potential protective effect against These findings are not surprising since similar findings have been reported also in HIV-uninfected individuals, [67][68][69][70] further supporting the role of hypovitaminosis D in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases. [15][16][17][18] The most important and striking findings are those that related low vitamin D concentrations to the progression of HIV infection.…”

Section: Vitamin D Deficiencysupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The last criterion was chosen because it is well established that the concentration of 25OHD is the best indicator of vitamin D status, and because most of the data on the relationship between vitamin D insufficiency/ deficiency and adverse health outcomes are based on 25OHD concentration measurements. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] A single author (AG) reviewed all identified studies for eligibility, definitive inclusion/exclusion, and for data collection.…”

Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15][16][17][18] The growing awareness of vitamin D as a possible key factor in many chronic diseases beyond bone health, and early reports about hypovitaminosis D in HIV+ patients have created great interest in the potential implications of vitamin D deficiency for HIV infection and AIDS. [19][20][21] The present review was designed to describe current knowledge about vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected subjects, to identify risk factors (related to the HIV infection or not) potentially associated with vitamin D status, to describe the potential consequences of hypovitaminosis D on the course of HIV infection and the benefits of vitamin D repletion, and to make some considerations about the future, considering the limitations of available studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review

Giusti¹,

Penco²,

Pioli³

2011

NDS

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Advances in the diagnosis and management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have resulted in a dramatic decrease in mortality in HIV-infected individuals (HIV+). The subsequent increase in life expectancy of HIV+ has led to the need to consider the long-term complications of the disease and its treatment. Abnormalities in vitamin D status and metabolism are increasingly recognized as a major concern in HIV infection. In the last 5 years a number of cross-sectional and prospective studies have suggested a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HIV+. Although few case-control studies have been published, it has been suggested that the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in HIV+ is higher than in the general population, and at least in part, is related to the course of the disease and/or the antiretroviral drugs used to treat the disease. An adequate vitamin D status is important not only for bone tissue, but also for the global health status of HIV+ individuals, since a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the detrimental effects of vitamin D deficiency on multiple health outcomes. Therefore, definition of the size of the problem and identification of effective protocols for the prevention and management of vitamin D deficiency in HIV+ patients represent important steps in improving health status and reducing long-term chronic complications in individuals with HIV. Due to its immunomodulatory effects, vitamin D may also have implications in the progression of HIV infection. This systematic review was designed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HIV+ patients; to identify risk factors (related to the HIV infection or not) potentially associated with this condition; to describe the potential consequences of hypovitaminosis D on the course of the infection and the benefits of vitamin D repletion; and to make some suggestions about the future, considering the limitations of previous studies.

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Section: Vitamin D Deficiencysupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review

Giusti¹,

Penco²,

Pioli³

2011

NDS

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“…Our analysis would not have captured the impact of changes in 25(OH)D associated with ART initiation or nutritional status that may have occurred during the course of the study. 21 The small sample population and event number may have limited our power to detect significant differences in outcomes (i.e., survival, clinical response, receipt of adjunctive therapy, development of KS-IRIS). Receipt of chemotherapy or radiation therapy was affected by availability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of vitamin D insufficiency to AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma outcomes: retrospective analysis of a prospective clinical trial in Zimbabwe

Erlandson

Gudza

Fiorillo

et al. 2014

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Summary Objectives The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in Africans with AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma (AIDS-KS) and the role of vitamin D in AIDS-KS progression are unknown. We hypothesized that a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency would be found in Zimbabweans with AIDS-KS and that low baseline vitamin D would correlate with progression of AIDS-KS. Methods Ninety subjects were enrolled in a prospective pilot study investigation of the effect of antiretroviral therapy in the treatment of AIDS-KS in Harare, Zimbabwe. Co-formulated abacavir, lamivudine, and zidovudine was initiated; chemotherapy was provided at the discretion of the provider. Participants were followed for 96 weeks. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D was measured in stored specimens collected at study entry. The relationship between vitamin D and clinical response was described by odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Results Samples were available for 85 participants; 45 (53%) subjects had inadequate (<75 nmol/l) 25-hydroxyvitamin D. HIV-1 RNA was significantly higher among those with insufficient vitamin D (4.7 vs. 4.5 log, p = 0.04). Tumor response, survival, and KS-IRIS were not associated with vitamin D (p ≥0.3). Conclusions Vitamin D insufficiency was common among Zimbabweans with AIDS-KS but not associated with outcomes after initiation of antiretroviral therapy.

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“…21 In HIV infection specifically, our understanding of the effect of vitamin D on immune function is rapidly evolving but far from clear. 22 Vitamin D deficiency was associated with lower CD4 count in one study of postmenopausal women, 23 but other studies have not confirmed the association. 24,25 Women with HIV were less likely to have BV, but among HIV-infected women, those with a lower CD4 count were more likely to have BV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Association of HIV Status with Bacterial Vaginosis and Vitamin D in the United States

French

Adeyemi

Agniel

et al. 2011

Journal of Women's Health

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Objective: To estimate the association between vitamin D deficiency and bacterial vaginosis (BV) among nonpregnant HIV-infected and uninfected women. Methods: In a substudy of the Women's Interagency HIV Study, including women from Chicago and New York, the association between BV and vitamin D deficiency, demographics, and disease characteristics was tested using generalized estimating equations. Deficiency was defined as < 20 ng/mL 25 (OH) vitamin D and insufficiency as > 20 and £ 30 ng/mL. BV was defined by the Amsel criteria. Results: Among 602 observations of nonpregnant women (480 HIV infected and 122 uninfected), BV was found in 19%. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 59.4%, and insufficiency was found in 24.4%. In multivariable analysis, black race was the most significant predictor of BV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 5.90, (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.52-13.8). Vitamin D deficiency was independently associated with BV among HIV-infected women (AOR 3.12, 95% CI 1.16-8.38) but not among HIV-uninfected women. There was a negative linear correlation between vitamin D concentration and prevalence of BV in HIV-infected women (r = -0.15, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency was very common in this cohort and significantly associated with BV among HIV-infected women. These preliminary findings suggest that further epidemiologic and mechanistic exploration of the relationship between vitamin D and BV in HIV-infected women is warranted.

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The Rapidly Evolving Research on Vitamin D Among HIV-Infected Populations

Cited by 32 publications

References 98 publications

Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review

Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review

Relationship of vitamin D insufficiency to AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma outcomes: retrospective analysis of a prospective clinical trial in Zimbabwe

The Association of HIV Status with Bacterial Vaginosis and Vitamin D in the United States

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