Alcohol use disorders and risk of Parkinson’s disease: findings from a Swedish national cohort study 1972–2008

Eriksson, Anna-Karin; Löfving, Sofia; Callaghan, Russell C.; Allebeck, Peter

doi:10.1186/1471-2377-13-190

Cited by 45 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…In another meta‐analysis, a weak protective association tended to be reported in case‐control studies rather than prospective cohort studies . In a prospective study from Sweden, heavy alcohol use was associated with an increased risk of PD (HR 1.38, 95% CI: 1.25–1.53, adjusted for age and sex) …”

Section: Analytical Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 96%

Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease—East Versus West

Abbas

Tan

2017

Movement Disord Clin Pract

127

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Background: The cause of PD at present remains unknown. A number of epidemiological studies have been conducted across the globe to ascertain the disease burden and the possible risk factors. In this review, we analyze the various studies from East and West with an aim to observe the important similarities and differences in the disease occurrence and risk factor profile. Methods: A comprehensive search of descriptive and analytical epidemiological studies was undertaken. The descriptive studies and meta-analysis providing the standardised population rates were selected. The demographics, ethnicity and geographical differences between East and West were analysed. In analytical epidemiology, more established and well-studied non-genetic risk factors for PD were reviewed utilising the prospective cohort studies, case control studies and meta-analysis where available. Results and Conclusion: PD is more common with increasing age and shows male predominance, which is more obvious in Western studies. The PD prevalence and incidence rates are slightly lower in the East compared to the West. Incidence studies on different ethnic populations in the same country have also found a lower occurrence of PD amongst Easterners compared to Westerners. Setting methodological differences aside, studies from East and West suggest a role for both environmental and genetic risk factors in PD causation. Smoking, caffeine intake and pesticide exposure are well-established risk factors across regions. There is a robust data for dairy product consumption, urate levels and physical activity in the West while studies on certain risk factors like head injury and alcohol show conflicting and mixed results.Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and in the majority of cases, its cause remains unknown. Epidemiology refers to the study of distribution and determinants of health related events and their application in the control of diseases. 1In descriptive epidemiology, time, place, and person define the health events; while analytical epidemiology helps to identify and quantify the relationship between exposure and a particular health outcome. 1The epidemiological studies determining race and ethnicity help us to understand the roles of, and interaction between, genetic and environmental factors in disease causation. 2In the present review, we analyze the epidemiological features of PD patients between Western and Eastern countries. The division of East and West is not clear, as the definition varies depending on whether historical, geographical, economic, cultural, or political factors are considered. In this review, we have adopted the cultural definition that considers Asia, and the Middle East as "Eastern" countries; Russia, Europe, the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand as "Western" countries. West studies. In addition, the results of relevant meta-analysis were also discussed.There are a number of PD descriptive epidemiology studies in the literature. The comparison of these studies rem...

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Section: Analytical Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 96%

Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease—East Versus West

Abbas

Tan

2017

Movement Disord Clin Pract

127

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“…Smoking and caffeine consumption, two common daily behaviors, have been consistently associated with a reduced risk of PD. However, the dual roles of positive and negative results from epidemiological studies on alcohol intake and PD risk have been reported [36,37,77,78].…”

Section: Evidence From Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alcohol has been suggested to be either protective of, or not associated with PD [36]. However, experimental animal studies indicate that chronic heavy alcohol consumption may have dopamine neurotoxic effects [37]. Chronic alcohol exposure decreased the levels of dopamine (DA) [38] and increased the amount of α-Synuclein (αSYN), which was linked to the development of PD [39].…”

Section: Introduction and Alcohol Use: Dual Effects And Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Alcohol Drinking in Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Peng

Yang²,

Joshi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), increase as the population ages around the world. Environmental factors also play an important role in most cases. Alcohol consumption exists extensively and it acts as one of the environmental factors that promotes these neurodegenerative diseases. The brain is a major target for the actions of alcohol, and heavy alcohol consumption has long been associated with brain damage. Chronic alcohol intake leads to elevated glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and permanent neuronal damage associated with malnutrition. The relationship and contributing mechanisms of alcohol with these three diseases are different. Epidemiological studies have reported a reduction in the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in individuals who drink low amounts of alcohol; low or moderate concentrations of ethanol protect against β-amyloid (Aβ) toxicity in hippocampal neurons; and excessive amounts of ethanol increase accumulation of Aβ and Tau phosphorylation. Alcohol has been suggested to be either protective of, or not associated with, PD. However, experimental animal studies indicate that chronic heavy alcohol consumption may have dopamine neurotoxic effects through the induction of Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and an increase in the amount of α-Synuclein (αSYN) relevant to PD. The findings on the association between alcohol consumption and ALS are inconsistent; a recent population-based study suggests that alcohol drinking seems to not influence the risk of developing ALS. Additional research is needed to clarify the potential etiological involvement of alcohol intake in causing or resulting in major neurodegenerative diseases, which will eventually lead to potential therapeutics against these alcoholic neurodegenerative diseases.

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“…(35, 36) A Swedish registry study that found a history of admission for alcohol abuse was associated with increased risk (HR 1.38, 1.25–1.53) of future diagnosis of PD, an intriguing finding potentially linking the biological processes of the two diseases. (37) The relationship was strongest for the younger onset population, and our previous studies of disabled younger PD patients also found an increased risk of hospitalization for substance abuse(19), together suggesting an interaction between for age and substance use disorders in PD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Hospital care for mental health and substance abuse conditions in Parkinson's disease

et al. 2016

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Objective To examine mental health conditions among hospitalized individuals with Parkinson disease in the United States. Methods Serial cross sectional study of hospitalizations of individuals ages ≥60 identified in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample dataset from 2000–2010. We identified all hospitalizations with a diagnosis of PD, alcohol abuse, anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, impulse control disorders, mania, psychosis, substance abuse and attempted suicide/suicidal ideation. National estimates of each mental health condition were compared between hospitalized individuals with and without PD. Hierarchical logistic regression models determined which inpatient mental health diagnoses were associated with PD, adjusting for demographic, payer, geographic and hospital characteristics. Results We identified 3,918,703 mental health and substance abuse hospitalizations. Of these, 2.8% (n=104, 437) involved a person also diagnosed with PD. The majority of MHSA patients were white (86.9% of PD versus 83.3% of non-PD). Women were more common than men in both groups: (male: female prevalence ratio- PD: 0.78, 0.78–0.79, non-PD: 0.58, 0.57–0.58). Depression (AOR 1.32, 1.31–1.34), psychosis (AOR: 1.25, 1.15–1.33), bipolar disorder (AOR 2.74, 2.69–2.79), impulse control disorders (AOR: 1.51, 1.31–1.75), and mania (AOR 1.43, 1.18–1.74) were more likely among PD patients, alcohol abuse was less likely (AOR: 0.26, 0.25–0.27). We found no PD-associated difference in suicide related care. Conclusions Parkinson disease patients have unique patterns of acute care for mental health and substance abuse. Research is needed to guide PD treatment in individuals with pre-existing psychiatric illnesses, determine cross provider reliability of psychiatric diagnoses in PD patients, and inform efforts to improve psychiatric outcomes.

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Alcohol use disorders and risk of Parkinson’s disease: findings from a Swedish national cohort study 1972–2008

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease—East Versus West

Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease—East Versus West

Role of Alcohol Drinking in Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Hospital care for mental health and substance abuse conditions in Parkinson's disease

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