Alcohol suppresses endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat mesenteric vascular beds.

Criscione, Leoluca; Powell, J.R.; Burdet, Richard; Engesser, S; Schlager, F; Schoepfer, Alain

doi:10.1161/01.hyp.13.6.964

Cited by 59 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It has been shown that low doses of alcohol increase the release of nitric oxide and augment endothelium-dependent vasodilation. 32 Criscione et al 27 reported that ethanol inhibits norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction in the rat mesenteric artery. They also observed that norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction is enhanced after the withdrawal of alcohol.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Actions Of Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alcohol also acts to augment the vasoconstriction caused by catecholamines and vasopressin and inhibits endothelium-dependent vasodilation. 27,28 It has been suggested that endothelin and nitric oxide are involved in alcohol-induced vasoconstriction. 29 Soardo et al 30 observed that alcohol increased the levels of endothelin-1, nitric oxide, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and oxidative stress both in vivo and in vitro.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Actions Of Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…49,50 The increase in urine volume seems to be caused by fluid intake and the suppression of vasopressin. 21,27 We have studied the effect of repeated alcohol intake for 7 days on the urine volume and sodium excretion in hypertensive patients. 51 Urine volume increased on days 3-5 but not on day 1.…”

Section: Actions Of Alcohol On Water and Electrolyte Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physio-pathological effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system: its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease

Kawano

2010

Hypertens Res

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Alcohol has complex effects on the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this article is to review physio-pathological effects of alcohol on cardiovascular and related systems and to describe its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The relationship between alcohol and hypertension is well known, and a reduction in the alcohol intake is widely recommended in the management of hypertension. Moreover, alcohol has both pressor and depressor actions. The latter actions are clear in Oriental subjects, especially in those who show alcohol flush because of the genetic variation in aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Repeated alcohol intake in the evening causes an elevation in daytime and a reduction in nighttime blood pressure (BP), with little change in the average 24-h BP in Japanese men. Thus, the hypertensive effect of alcohol seems to be overestimated by the measurement of casual BP during the day. Heavy alcohol intake seems to increase the risk of several cardiovascular diseases, such as hemorrhagic stroke, arrhythmia and heart failure. On the other hand, alcohol may act to prevent atherosclerosis and to decrease the risk of ischemic heart disease, mainly by increasing HDL cholesterol and inhibiting thrombus formation. A J-or U-shaped relationship has been observed between the level of alcohol intake and risk of cardiovascular mortality and total mortality. It is reasonable to reduce the alcohol intake to less than 30 ml per day for men and 15 ml per day for women in the management of hypertension. As a small amount of alcohol seems to be beneficial, abstinence from alcohol is not recommended to prevent cardiovascular disease. INTRODUCTIONAlcohol has complex effects on the cardiovascular system. The relationship between alcohol and hypertension is well known, and a restriction of alcohol intake is widely recommended as a part of lifestyle modifications in the management of hypertension. 1-6 Alcohol has both pressor and depressor actions, however, and the genetic susceptibility regarding alcohol metabolism influences the cardiovascular effect of alcohol. 3,7 The effect of alcohol on blood pressure (BP) is also modified by several factors, such as the level of consumption, time period after the last drink and overall drinking behavior.Alcohol consumption is associated with several cardiovascular diseases, such as brain hemorrhage, heart failure and arrhythmia, as well as with other disorders. 3,[8][9][10][11] Heavy drinking and alcoholism not only lead to medical problems but are also serious social concerns. However, alcohol also seems to have beneficial effects, including the prevention of ischemic heart disease. It has been shown that cardiovascular and all-cause mortality is lower in light drinkers compared with nondrinkers. 3,[8][9][10][11][12] The purpose of this article is to review physio-pathological effects of alcohol on cardiovascular and related systems and to describe its role

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Section: Cardiovascular Actions Of Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cardiovascular Actions Of Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physio-pathological effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system: its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease

Kawano

2010

Hypertens Res

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“…Crandall et al reported that BP was not elevated at peak blood alcohol levels, but that it was high 24 h after the final ingestion in chronically alcohol-treated rats (32). Criscione et al found that the vasoconstrictive action of norepinephrine was attenuated during ethanol infusion but was potentiated after cessation of the infusion in the rat mesenteric artery (33). These studies indicate that alcohol has dual effects on BP and suggest that the pressor effect is related to alcohol withdrawal rather than its straightforward action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Different Effects of Alcohol and Salt on 24-Hour Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Hypertensive Patients.

et al. 1996

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To compare the influences of alcohol and salt intake on 24-h blood pressure (BP), we studied short-term effects of repeated alcohol ingestion and dietary salt intake in hypertensive patients. Thirty-two Japanese men with mild to moderate essential hypertension (54± 1 years old, mean±SE)were examined. Sixteen patients were given alcohol (1 ml/kg) with dinner for 7 d after a 7-d control period with an isocaloric beverage. Another group consisting of 16 age-and weight-matched patients consumed a low-sodium diet (25 mmol/d) for 7 d, followed by a high-sodium diet (250 mmol/d) for 7 d. Twenty-four-hour BP was measured at the end of each period. Average 24-h BP in the alcohol period (137±4 l 83±2 mmHg) was similar to that in the control period (138±4184±2 mmHg). However, BP in the alcohol period was significantly lower in the evening, but significantly higher in the morning than that in the control period. Heart rate increased for several hours after alcohol ingestion, resulting in a significant increase in 24-h heart rate (67±2 vs. 64±2 beats/min). Average 24-h BP was higher in the high salt period (144+4 189+ 4 mmHg) than in the low salt period (135±3 / 85±3 mmHg, p<0.05).The pressor effect of high salt intake was sustained throughout the day and was associated with a decrease in 24-h heart rate (60±2 vs. 66 ± 2 beats/min). In conclusion, short-term repeated intake of alcohol may have little effect on average 24-h BP while it causes an evening fall and a morning rise in BP, and high salt intake raises BP throughout the day. Alcohol consumption increases and salt loading decreases 24-h heart rate. (Hypertens Res 1996;19: 255-261) Key Words: hypertension, alcohol, sodium, ambulatory blood pressure, heart rate Both salt and alcohol have been recognized as important environmental factors in the pathogenesis of human hypertension. A number of epidemiological studies have documented a positive relationship between the level of blood pressure (BP) and the amount of dietary salt intake (1-3) or alcohol consumption (4-6). It also has been shown that BP rises after repeated intake of a high salt diet or alcohol, and falls with reductions in their intake (5, 7-10). Restrictions of salt and alcohol , intake are widely recommended in the management of hypertension (11, 12). However, the results of earlier studies were derived from casual BP measurements. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP monitoring is accepted as a useful method because it provides multiple BP recordings throughout the whole day, has good reproducibility, and eliminates observer bias (13,14). The pressor effect of high salt intake was seen for 24 h in several studies (15, 16), although its effect may be less than that assessed on the basis of casual BP readings (I7). The measurement of 24-h BP may be particularly important in evaluating BP of drinkers, since people drink alcohol mainly in the evening and at night. Alcohol has both vasoconstrictive and vasodilative actions (18). Our previous studies suggest that the effects of alcohol on BP depends on the duratio...

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“…On the basis of laboratory experiments, alcohol has been shown to also affect vascular reactivity. Ethanol may reduce vasodilation mediated by endothelium in rat mesenteric capillaries 43 . On the other hand, in humans the acute vasodilating effect of alcohol is associated with a reduction in peripheral resistance 44 .…”

Section: Effects Of Alcohol On Cardiovascular Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Alcohol and atherosclerosis

Foppa

Fuchs²,

Duncan³

2001

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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Observational studies have attributed a protective effect to alcohol consumption on the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Alcohol intake in the amount of one to two drinks per day results in an estimated 20-40% reduction in cardiovascular events. An additional protective effect, according to major cohort studies, has been attributed to wine, probably due to antioxidant effects and platelet antiaggregation agents. On the other hand, the influence of different patterns of alcohol consumption and environmental factors may explain a great part of the additional effect of wine. Protection may be mediated by modulation of other risk factors, because alcohol increases HDL-C, produces a biphasic response on blood pressure, and modulates the endothelial function, while it neither increases body weight nor impairs glucose-insulin homeostasis. Alcohol may also have a direct effect on atherogenesis. Despite these favorable effects, the current evidence is not enough to justify prescribing alcohol to prevent cardiovascular disease

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Alcohol suppresses endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat mesenteric vascular beds.

Cited by 59 publications

References 18 publications

Physio-pathological effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system: its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease

Physio-pathological effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system: its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease

Different Effects of Alcohol and Salt on 24-Hour Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Hypertensive Patients.

Alcohol and atherosclerosis

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