Alcohol, high blood pressure, and serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level.

Yamada, Yuichi; Ishizaki, Masao; Kido, T; Honda, Ryumon; Tsuritani, Ikiko; Ikai, Eriko; Yamaya, Hideki

doi:10.1161/01.hyp.18.6.819

Cited by 72 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…In addition, as far as we know, no significant association between the volume of alcohol consumed and cytosolic-free calcium concentrations in the platelets has been confirmed in the studies on human drinkers. 26,27 A close association between serum GGT and BP in alcohol consumers was observed in the present study, and has been repeatedly shown in our previous studies [28][29][30] and in those of other researchers. 31,32 It suggested an association between hepatic manifestations induced by alcohol, mainly steatosis in the liver, and BP elevation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Genetic differences in ethanol metabolizing enzymes and blood pressure in Japanese alcohol consumers

et al. 2002

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Orientals have unique genetic polymorphisms in ethanol metabolizing enzymes, such as alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (ADH2), aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) and cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1). Of the three studies conducted to clarify the influence of ALDH2 genotypes on sensitivity to the pressor effects of alcohol in Japanese, only one was suggested, though indirectly, higher sensitivity in drinkers having the genotype of inactive ALDH2. This discrepancy prompted us to determine ADH2, ALDH2 and CYP2E1 genotypes in the genomic DNA extracted from white blood cells of 855 healthy middle-aged Japanese men, and to analyse the associations with the alcohol-blood pressure (BP) relationship. No marked differences were found in the relationship among the genotypes of ALDH2, although the subjects with intact ALDH2 showed a slightly higher

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Genetic differences in ethanol metabolizing enzymes and blood pressure in Japanese alcohol consumers

et al. 2002

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“…1 These results are also in agreement with previous crosssectional and longitudinal epidemiologic studies that reported a positive association between higher serum GGT level and clinical hypertension, and extend the evidence to the earlier stage of prehypertension, when primary prevention of hypertension is possible. [9][10][11][12][13][14]17 Several lines of recent evidence suggest that an association between serum GGT and hypertension is plausible, including a direct role of GGT in the generation of reactive oxygen species; an indirect role as a marker of increased extracellular catabolism of antioxidant glutathione in response to oxidative stress; its predictive relationship to future elevations in plasma F2-isoprostanes, an oxidative damage product of arachidonic acid; its relationship to markers of inflammation; and its relationship to insulin resistance and components of the metabolic syndrome. [1][2][3][4][5][6]8,9,23,24 Also, serum GGT has been shown to be associated with reduced kidney function among men without hypertension or diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Level and Prehypertension Among US Adults

Shankar

2007

Circ J

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amma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is present in serum and the surface of most cell types, and is the enzyme responsible for initiating extracellular catabolism of glutathione, the main antioxidant in mammalian cells. 1 Increased GGT activity may be a response to oxidative stress, which can increase the transport of glutathione precursors into cells. 1,2 Recent reports also indicate a direct role for GGT in the generation of reactive oxygen species. [2][3][4][5][6] In this context, emerging evidence from epidemiological studies indicates that GGT may have a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. 7-9 Similarly, recent cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have also noted a relatively independent association between elevated serum GGT levels and hypertension. 9-14 However, for hypertension, with the exception of recent results from the biracial Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, data from non-Caucasian race-ethnicities in the USA are limited. 9 Also, in light of the overall positive association between serum GGT and clinical hypertension reported in previous epidemiological studies, it is not entirely clear if there is a continuous dose -response relationship Circulation Journal Vol.71, October 2007 in this association or if this association is evident only beyond a particular threshold level of serum GGT. Further, currently there is little data available on the association between serum GGT level and clinically relevant blood pressure (BP) categories earlier in the disease continuum when hypertension prevention efforts may be applicable. Prehypertension, as defined by the Seventh Joint National Committee (JNC7) on prevention, detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood pressure and including those with systolic BP ranging from 120-139 mmHg or diastolic BP ranging from 80-89 mmHg, is identified as a predictor for developing hypertension and a stage were primary prevention of hypertension is possible. [15][16][17] In this context, we examined the association between serum GGT levels and prehypertension in a nationally representative sample of US adults, who were free of hypertension, participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002, after adjusting for several important confounders. We also employed non-parametric analytical techniques to examine the dose -response nature of the association between serum GGT levels and prehypertension graphically. Methods Study ParticipantsThe NHANES 1999-2002 was a nationally representative sample of the United States of America's non-institutionalized, civilian population. The procedures involved in NHANES 1999-2002 have been published in detail and are available online. 18,19 In brief, the NHANES study included a Association Between Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Level and Prehypertension Among US AdultsAnoop Shankar, MD, PhD; Jialiang Li, PhD* Background Higher serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels, a marker of oxidative stress, are impli...

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“…Over the past 20 years, several epidemiological studies have highlighted the particular association of raised g-glutamyl transferase (gGT) and hypertension. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] A recent prospective study has confirmed a positive association between age, serum gGT and the subsequent risk of hypertension. 26 This relationship between gGT and hypertension may be independent of alcohol consumption, where gGT has been shown to correlate with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (Table 3).…”

Section: Hypertension Metabolic Syndrome and Fatty Livermentioning

confidence: 99%