Alcohol Consumption and Dietary Intake of Finnish Men

Hasunen, Kaija; Pekkarinen, Maija; Nuutinen, O

doi:10.1159/000176136

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This alcohol-fat relationship may not be limited to rats, as two separate studies have shown that U.S. adults and Finnish men who were classified as high alcohol users were noted to eat more fat than those classified as low alcohol users (7,8). Furthermore, bulimics, who binge on high-fat, "forbidden" foods and report intense cravings for these foods probably as a result of self-deprivation (2), also have very high rates of alcohol and other substance abuse (I 31.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat-preferring rats consume more alcohol than carbohydrate-preferring rats

Krahn

Gosnell

1991

Alcohol

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Rats with a genetic preference for alcohol (ETOH) have been found to consume more dietary fat then ETOH nonpreferring rats. We therefore hypothesized that rats selected on the basis of fat and carbohydrate (CHO) preferences would differ in ETOH intake. Patterns of macronutrient self-selection were determined by allowing rats to select diets from separate sources of CHO, fat and protein. Subsequently, CHO- and fat-preferring groups were formed. All rats were then returned to a lab chow diet and trained to drink ETOH (4-12%) during one hour of access per day. Food restriction was used only in the first three weeks of the procedure. On the final drinking sessions, water and ETOH were alternated on a daily basis. Fat-preferring rats consumed significantly more ETOH than water; CHO-preferring rats consumed approximately equal amounts of ETOH and water. Furthermore, fat-preferring rats consumed more ETOH than CHO-preferring rats. This study suggests that there may be a common mechanism underlying diet preference and oral intake of ETOH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat-preferring rats consume more alcohol than carbohydrate-preferring rats

Krahn

Gosnell

1991

Alcohol

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“…Different population-based surveys on diseases, risk factors and related health behaviours have been carried out in Finland regularly since late 1960s. The first large-scale study was the Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey during 1966–1972 (baseline study) with over 51 000 participants over 15 years of age, arranged by the Social Insurance Institution ( 5 ) . Food consumption of 10 054 participants was assessed using a dietary history interview ( 6 ) .…”

Section: Health Examination Surveys Including Dietary Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring diet and diet-related chronic disease risk factors in Finland

Männistö

Laatikainen

Helakorpi

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Health and dietary monitoring has a long history in Finland. The aim of this review is to summarise the main sources of Finnish dietary information including food balance sheets, household budget survey data, questionnaires related to dietary behaviour and risk factors of main chronic diseases as well as dietary surveys. According to these sources, dietary behaviour and food choices have changed considerably during the last decades. For example, the total fat intake (E%) has decreased remarkably from nearly 40 % in the late 1960s to close to 30 % in 2007. Furthermore, the type of fat consumed has changed noticeably due to the increased popularity of oil used in cooking and the large variety of softer spreads available. There has also been a notable decrease in intake of salt, and a multiple increase in the consumption of fruits and vegetables since the 1970s. The future challenges of dietary monitoring include keeping the participation rates in dietary surveys at acceptable levels, controlling under/over-reporting of diet, developing a national monitoring system for children and adapting to international changes and requirements to harmonise dietary monitoring in Europe.

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“…Conversely, greater fat consumption is seen in ethanol drinkers compared to non-drinkers or in high-ethanol compared to low-ethanol drinkers (Gruchow et al, 1985; Herbeth et al, 1988; Le Marchand et al, 1989; Männistö et al, 1997; Swinburn et al, 1998). Additional studies reveal a co-morbidity of bingeing on fat-rich foods with high rates of alcoholism (Hasunen et al, 1977; Rotily et al, 1990), while carbohydrate intake is inversely related to ethanol consumption (Forsander, 1998; Gruchow et al, 1985). These reports suggest the existence of a positive relationship between ethanol and fat intake in human subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive relationship between dietary fat, ethanol intake, triglycerides, and hypothalamic peptides: counteraction by lipid-lowering drugs

Barson

Karatayev

Chang

et al. 2009

Alcohol

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Studies in both humans and animals suggest a positive relationship between the intake of ethanol and intake of fat, which may contribute to alcohol abuse. This relationship may be mediated, in part, by hypothalamic orexigenic peptides such as orexin (OX), which stimulate both consumption of ethanol and fat, and circulating triglycerides (TG), which stimulate these peptides and promote consummatory behavior. The present study investigated this vicious cycle between ethanol and fat, to further characterize its relation to TG and to test the effects of lowering TG levels. In Experiment 1, the behavioral relationship between fat intake and ethanol was confirmed. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, chronically injected with ethanol (1 g/kg i.p.) and tested in terms of their preference for a high-fat compared to low-fat diet, showed a significant increase in their fat preference, compared to rats injected with saline, in measures of 2 h and 24 h intake. Experiment 2 tested the relationship of circulating TG in this positive association between ethanol and fat, in rats chronically consuming 9% ethanol vs. water and given acute meal tests (25 kcal) of a high-fat vs. low-fat diet. Levels of TG were elevated in response to both chronic drinking of ethanol vs. water and acute eating of a high-fat vs. low-fat meal. Most importantly, ethanol and a high-fat diet showed an interaction effect, whereby their combination produced a considerably larger increase in TG levels (+172%) compared to ethanol with a low-fat diet (+111%). In Experiment 3, a direct manipulation of TG levels was found to affect ethanol intake. After administration of gemfibrozil (50 mg/kg i.g.) compared to vehicle, TG levels were lowered by 37%, and ethanol intake was significantly reduced. In Experiment 4, the TG-lowering drug gemfibrozil also caused a significant reduction in the expression of the orexigenic peptide OX, in the perifornical lateral hypothalamus. These results support the existence of a vicious cycle between ethanol and fat whereby each nutrient stimulates intake of the other. Within this vicious cycle, ethanol and fat act synergistically to increase TG levels, which in turn stimulate peptides that promote further consumption, and these phenomena are reversed by gemfibrozil, which lowers TG levels.

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Alcohol Consumption and Dietary Intake of Finnish Men

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Fat-preferring rats consume more alcohol than carbohydrate-preferring rats

Fat-preferring rats consume more alcohol than carbohydrate-preferring rats

Monitoring diet and diet-related chronic disease risk factors in Finland

Positive relationship between dietary fat, ethanol intake, triglycerides, and hypothalamic peptides: counteraction by lipid-lowering drugs

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