Alcohol Badly Affects Eye Movements Linked to Steering, Providing for Automatic in-Car Detection of Drink Driving

Marple‐Horvat, D. E.; Cooper, Hannah L.F.; Gilbey, S.L.; Watson, Jessica; Mehta, Neena; Kaur-Mann, Daljit; Wilson, Mark R.; Keil, Damian

doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301458

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It was nevertheless evident in all three studies that the percentage disruption of eye-steering coordination was similar to the percentage increase in lap time (impairment of driving performance). That finding is consistent with, and in fact is strongly suggestive of, a rather straightforward relationship between (a) the degree of coordination of eye movements and steering and (b) the level of driving performance (see also Marple-Horvat et al, 2007, on the progressive and parallel impairment of both coordination and driving performance because of increasing alcohol intoxication).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Eye Movements Drive Steering: Reduced Eye Movement Distribution Impairs Steering and Driving Performance

Wilson

Chattington

Marple‐Horvat

2008

Journal of Motor Behavior

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On a winding open road, a driver consistently looks to the inside of each bend before turning the steering wheel. When researchers disrupt this coordination by instructing drivers not to move their eyes, drivers' performance is impaired and their completion time during racing increases. The present authors examined whether changing internal states in a way that also restricts eye movements reduces coordination and affects performance. Participants (N = 24) completed a simulated rally stage under manipulation of their anxiety state through ego threat. Performance decreased under pressure, and the decrement was associated with a narrowing of the range of eye movements and a reduced correlation of eye movements with steering. The authors discuss the possibility that the deterioration in performance is a cost of maintaining steering when eye-movement driving input to the steering controller is reduced.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Eye Movements Drive Steering: Reduced Eye Movement Distribution Impairs Steering and Driving Performance

Wilson

Chattington

Marple‐Horvat

2008

Journal of Motor Behavior

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“…The driving simulator consisted of a 106 cm plasma screen, a steering wheel giving realistic feedback when turned, accelerator and brake pedals (automatic gear change), and an adjustable car seat. The setup was the same as that used in previous studies . Participants were invited to find a comfortable driving position, with adjustment of the simulator construct as needed for individual preference.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered accelerator pedal control in a driving simulator in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy

et al. 2019

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Aim To investigate whether the sensory-motor impairment attributable to diabetic peripheral neuropathy would affect control of the accelerator pedal during a driving simulator task.Methods A total of 32 active drivers, 11 with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (mean AE SD age 67AE5.0 years), 10 with diabetes but no neuropathy (diabetes group; mean AE SD age 62AE10 years), and 11 healthy individuals without diabetes (healthy group; mean AE SD age 60AE11 years), undertook a test on a dynamometer to assess ankle plantar flexor muscle strength and ankle joint proprioception function of the right leg, in addition to a driving simulator task. The following variables were measured: maximal ankle plantar flexor muscle strength; speed of strength generation (Nm/s); and ankle joint proprioception (ankle repositioning error, degrees). In the driving simulator task, driving speed (mph), accelerator pedal signal (degrees) and the duration of specific 'loss-of-control events' (s) were measured during two drives (Drive 1, Drive 2).Results Participants with diabetic peripheral neuropathy had a lower speed of strength generation (P<0.001), lower maximal ankle plantar flexor muscle strength (P<0.001) and impaired ankle proprioception (P=0.034) compared to healthy participants. The diabetic peripheral neuropathy group drove more slowly compared with the healthy group (Drive 1 P=0.048; Drive 2 P=0.042) and showed marked differences in the use of the accelerator pedal compared to both the diabetes group (P=0.010) and the healthy group (P=0.002). Participants with diabetic peripheral neuropathy had the longest duration of loss-of-control events, but after one drive, this was greatly reduced (P=0.023).Conclusions Muscle function, ankle proprioception and accelerator pedal control are all affected in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, adversely influencing driving performance, but potential for improvement with targeted practice remains possible.

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“…The average time interval by which eye movements preceded steering decreased with diminished coordination. This outcome was observed with alcohol impairment when the optimal eye-steering relationship deteriorates with the alcohol level (Marple-Horvat, Cooper et al, 2008). An intervention effect of impaired condition (high stress) on driver performance (task completion time) was mediated by eye-steering coordination (Wilson, Chattington et al, 2008).…”

Section: Process Stationaritymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The coordination between eye and steering movements deteriorated during drunk driving. The most intoxicated drivers were the most affected in terms of their eye-steering coordination and experienced the most frequent and most serious crashes (Marple-Horvat, Cooper et al, 2008). The time lead between eye and steering movements decreased from 710ms to 402ms with an increase of alcohol level from 0mg/100ml to 35mg/100ml.…”

Section: Eye-steering Coordinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…there are no reasons for coordinated eye and steering movements. Thus, a low correlation between eye position and steering may not always designate driver impaired condition as it was shown in the studies of Wilson et al (2008) and Marple-Horvat et al (2008). For the visual/manual task, the participants were instructed to match the direction of a given arrow within a 4x4 arrow matrix using a seven-inch LCD touch-screen interface ( Figure 10) located on the right side of the dash 25 degrees laterally and 20 degrees vertically below drivers' line of sight.…”

Section: Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detecting distraction and degraded driver performance with visual behavior metrics

Yekhshatyan¹

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Driver distraction contributes to approximately 43% of motor-vehicle crashes and 27% of near-crashes. Rapidly developing in-vehicle technology and electronic devices place additional demands on drivers, which might lead to distraction and diminished capacity to perform driving tasks. This situation threatens safe driving. Technology that can detect and mitigate distraction by alerting drivers could play a central role in maintaining safety. Correctly identifying driver distraction in real time is a critical challenge in developing distraction mitigation systems, and this function has not been well developed. Moreover, the greatest benefit may be from real-time distraction detection in advance of dangerous breakdowns in driver performance. Based on driver performance, two types of distraction-visual and cognitive-are identified. These types of distraction have very different effects on visual behavior and driving performance; therefore, they require different algorithms for detection. Distraction detection algorithms typically rely on either eye measures or driver performance measures because the effect of distraction on the coordination of measures has not been established. Combining both eye glance and vehicle data could enhance the ability of algorithms to detect and differentiate visual and cognitive distraction. The goal of this research is to examine whether poor coordination between visual behavior and vehicle control can identify diminished attention to driving in advance of breakdowns in lane keeping. The primary hypothesis of this dissertation is that detection of changes in eye-steering relationship caused by distraction could provide a prospective indication of vehicle state changes. Three specific aims are pursued to test this hypothesis. The first aim examines the effect of distracting activity on eye and steering movements to assess the degree to which the correlation parameters are indicative of distraction. The second aim applies a control-theoretic system identification approach to the eye movement and steering data to distinguish between distracted and non-distracted conditions. The third aim examines whether changes of eye-steering coordination

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Alcohol Badly Affects Eye Movements Linked to Steering, Providing for Automatic in-Car Detection of Drink Driving

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Eye Movements Drive Steering: Reduced Eye Movement Distribution Impairs Steering and Driving Performance

Eye Movements Drive Steering: Reduced Eye Movement Distribution Impairs Steering and Driving Performance

Altered accelerator pedal control in a driving simulator in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Detecting distraction and degraded driver performance with visual behavior metrics

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