Albumin Synthesis

Rothschild, Marcus A.; Oratz, Murray; Schreiber, S. S.

doi:10.1056/nejm197204062861404

Cited by 290 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…37 Despite its value and wide use in this nutritional assessment, it should be noted that albumin levels are also influenced by factors such as gender, 38 age, 39 and, in particular, inflammation. 40 -42 It has been indicated that albumin levels remain virtually unchanged under conditions of severe protein-energy malnutrition in otherwise healthy individuals until near terminal starvation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Hormone Treatment during Hemodialysis in a Randomized Trial Improves Nutrition, Quality of Life, and Cardiovascular Risk

Feldt‐Rasmussen

Lange

Sułowicz

et al. 2007

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

102

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Nutritional markers, such as lean body mass (LBM) and serum albumin, predict outcome in dialysis patients, in whom protein-energy malnutrition is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The metabolic effects of human growth hormone (hGH) may improve the nutritional and cardiovascular health of these patients and consequently reduce morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to establish clinical proof of concept of hGH treatment for the improvement of the nutritional status in adult patients who are on maintenance hemodialysis. A total of 139 adult patients who were on maintenance hemodialysis and had serum albumin levels Յ40 g/L were randomly assigned to 6 mo of treatment with placebo or 20, 35, or 50 g/kg per d hGH. Change in LBM and serum albumin (primary outcomes), health-related quality of life, and secondary efficacy and safety parameters were monitored. The study showed that hGH treatment increased LBM significantly at all dosage levels (2.5 kg [95% confidence interval 1.8 to 3.1] versus Ϫ0.4 kg [95% confidence interval Ϫ1.4 to 0.6]; P Ͻ 0.001 for pooled hGH groups versus placebo). Serum albumin tended to increase (P ϭ 0.076), serum transferrin (P ϭ 0.001) and serum HDL (P Ͻ 0.038) increased, and plasma homocysteine was reduced (P ϭ 0.029). TNF-␣ also tended to decrease with treatment (P ϭ 0.134). An improvement in the Role Physical SF-36 quality-of-life subscale was observed (P ϭ 0.042). There were no differences in clinically relevant adverse events between groups. In conclusion, hGH therapy safely improves LBM, other markers of mortality and morbidity, and health-related quality of life in adult patients who are on maintenance hemodialysis. A long-term study is warranted to investigate whether these treatment benefits result in reduced mortality and morbidity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Hormone Treatment during Hemodialysis in a Randomized Trial Improves Nutrition, Quality of Life, and Cardiovascular Risk

Feldt‐Rasmussen

Lange

Sułowicz

et al. 2007

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

102

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“…More likely, the increased intravascular protein mass results from increased albumin and globulin production in the liver as a result of the decrease in colloid osmotic pressure accompanying the initial aldosterone-induced H20 retention (42). A similar course of events has been reported for humans during 8 d ofheavy exercise training ( 16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Blood volume and body fluid compartments in lambs with aortopulmonary left-to-right shunts.

Gratama

Dalinghaus²,

Meuzelaar³

et al. 1992

J. Clin. Invest.

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A left-to-right shunt is accompanied by an increased plasma and blood volume. Since this is likely realized through renin/ aldosterone-mediated salt and water retention, other body fluid compartments may be changed too. Therefore, we studied blood volume and body fluid compartments by a single-injection, triple-indicator dilution technique in nine 8-wk-old lambs with an aortopulmonary left-to-right shunt (55±3% of left ventricular output; mean±SEM) and in 11 control lambs, 2.5 wk after surgery. Systemic blood flow was maintained at the same level as in control lambs, but the aortic pressure of the shunt lambs was lower. Blood volume in shunt lambs was larger than in control lambs (110±6 vs. 84±7 ml/kg, P < 0.001) through an increase in plasma volume, which correlated significantly with the magnitude of the left-to-right shunt (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Red blood cell volume was equal to that of control lambs. Evidence was obtained that the increase in plasma volume was induced by a transient increase in renin (8.0±2.2 vs.1.6±0.2 nmol * 1-1 * h-1; P < 0.02) and aldosterone (0.51±0.14 vs. 0.24±0.09 nmol/ liter) concentrations. Interstitial water volume, however, was not significantly different from that in control lambs. The amount of intravascular protein was significantly higher than in control lambs (5.0±03 vs. 3.5±0.2 g/kg body mass, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in intracellular and total body water volumes between the two groups. We conclude that the increased amount ofintravascular protein confines the fluid retained by the kidneys to the vascular compartment. (J. Clin. Invest. 1992. 90:1745-1752

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“…However, the dietary intake of protein and other macronutrients has little effect on plasma albumin in subjects with a good nutritional status [61]. Rather, hepatocytes have a substantial capacity to increase albumin biogenesis (three-fold), reflecting its critical function in maintaining oncotic pressure [3]. A positive association of plasma albumin with exercise (and, by extension, exercise-enhanced cognitive performance) is also unlikely given that albumin degradation is increased in skeletal muscle and skin as a consequence of increased physical activity [62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modest reductions in colloid oncotic pressure can result in extravascular fluid accumulation [3,61]. Of potential relevance for cognitive outcomes, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier may be compromised resulting in the parenchymal extravasation of plasma proteins and macromolecules, the activation of astroglial cells and a heightened redox state [70,71,72,73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The abundance of albumin, as well as its relatively small size and negative charge, makes it the pivotal protein for maintaining oncotic pressure homeostasis and microvascular permeability [1,2,3]. Albumin serves as a chaperone-transporter for a range of exogenous and endogenous substances, particularly those with hydrophobic properties [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuropsychological Performance Is Positively Associated with Plasma Albumin in Healthy Adults

et al. 2014

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Background: Albumin serves a range of physiological functions that are vital to overall brain and cognitive health. Indeed, associations between cognitive performance and albumin have been demonstrated in individuals with chronic liver or kidney disease and in patients with a high urinary excretion of albumin. However, an association of plasma albumin with cognitive performance has not been reported in otherwise healthy participants with clinically acceptable plasma albumin concentrations. Method: This study utilized a wide-ranging neuropsychological test battery to investigate the relationship between cognitive performance and plasma albumin homeostasis in 222 healthy participants (143 females) between the ages of 43 and 84 years (mean 65 years). Results: Albumin both with and without the covariates of age, sex and acute-phase proteins was positively associated with enhanced performance on a range of neuropsychological domains including perceptual speed, Stroop and verbal ability. Albumin manifested generally positive but less robust associations with secondary and primary memory. Conclusion: The results indicate that there is a positive association between albumin and cognitive performance in physiologically healthy participants free of chronic renal or liver disease.

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Albumin Synthesis

Cited by 290 publications

References 97 publications

Growth Hormone Treatment during Hemodialysis in a Randomized Trial Improves Nutrition, Quality of Life, and Cardiovascular Risk

Growth Hormone Treatment during Hemodialysis in a Randomized Trial Improves Nutrition, Quality of Life, and Cardiovascular Risk

Blood volume and body fluid compartments in lambs with aortopulmonary left-to-right shunts.

Neuropsychological Performance Is Positively Associated with Plasma Albumin in Healthy Adults

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