Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill) Terhadap Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Infectious disease is a serious health problem in the world of health. Escherichia coli causes diarrhea, Salmonella typhi causes typhoid fever, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes nosocomial infections which are Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Treatment with antibiotics is the therapy that is currently used, but other efforts in the use of herbal medicines are also being carried out in various studies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The method used is agar diffusion (Kirby-Bauer) with variations in the concentration of the test solution. The results showed that at a concentration of 500 mg/mL the three bacteria had an inhibition zone diameter of Escherichia coli with a value of 12.37±0.15 mm, Salmonella typhi with a value of 11.60±0.20 mm and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a value of 10.87±0.15 mm. The ethanol extract of avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) showed antibacterial activity against three Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Potential Ethanol Extract of Kemangi Leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) Towards Staphylococcus aureus

“…Positive bactericidal test findings were indicated by the creation of a clear zone surrounding the paper discs [20]. Figure 1 depicts the clean zone surrounding the paper discs in the antibacterial potential test of kemangi leaves extract.…”

“…The diameter of the inhibition zone for each concentration is shown in Table 3 for complete data.The results of the antibacterial test revealed that the bacterial inhibition zone at each concentration varied. This was attributable to the concentration differential, which also impacted the number of secondary metabolites present in each concentration [20]. The larger the zone of inhibition, the greater the concentration.…”

“…The sample was then incubated at 37ᵒC for 18 to 24 hours. A digital caliper (in millimeters) was used to measure the inhibitory zone's diameter [4], [20].…”

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity Ethanolic Extract of Solanum mauritianum Scop Leaves Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…Soaked for six hours, occasionally stirred, and then left to stand for eighteen hours. Next filtered once more, the filtering procedure was used, after which all of the macerate was collected and evaporated with a rotary evaporator to produce a thick extract [4].…”

“…Erythromycin is one of the most popular antibiotics used to treat infections brought on by Staphylococcus aureus [3]. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is another bacterium that is similarly dangerous and pathogenic due to its amazing capacity to acquire new drug resistance as well as its virulence, or the ability of pathogenic bacteria to cause damage [4].An efficient and secure antibacterial agent that needs more research is needed to handle issues relating to bacterial infection.…”