Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Buah, Daun, Dan Kulit Batang Limpasu (Baccaurea lanceolata (Miq.) Müll.Arg.) dari Kalimantan Selatan

Abstract

Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia Jl. Soekarno Hatta no. 354, Bandung, Indonesia Email: Saninurlaela@stfi.ac.id (Sani Nurlaela Fitriansyah) ABSTRAK Limpasu merupakan tanaman yang berlimpah dari Kalimantan Selatan. Data empiris menunjukkan buah limpasu berpotensi untuk mengobati demam (karena infeksi), kesehatan kulit, dan antioksidan. Data ilmiah pendukung potensi limpasu sebagai antiinfeksi yang disebabkan bakteri masih minim. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan data ilmiah kandungan kimia secara kualitatif dan potensi ekstrak limpasu sebagai antibakteri. Bagian buah, daun, dan kulit batang limpasu diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dengan soxhlet. Ekstrak cair diuapkan menggunakan rotary evaporator sehingga didapatkan ekstrak buah (EB), ekstrak daun (ED), dan ekstrak kulit batang limpasu (EKB). Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi padat menggunakan kertas cakram. Bakteri yang diuji terdiri dari Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Propionibacterium acnes, dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, ekstrak etanol buah limpasu merupakan ekstrak yang paling aktif terhadap bakteri B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E.coli, dan P. acnes dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum adalah 2,5% b/v dengan diameter secara berturut-turut 6,87; 7,60; 7,94; 8,80; dan 10,29 mm. Ekstrak etanol buah, daun, dan kulit batang limpasu secara umum positif mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Kata kunci: ekstrak limpasu (Baccaurea lanceolata), aktivitas antibakteri, penapisan fitokimia. ABSTRACT Limpasu is a plenteous plant from South Kalimantan. Empirical data indicated that limpasu fruit was potential to be used for the treatment of fever (due to infection), as well as maintaining skin health and possessing antioxidant properties. There are limited scientific data on the anti-infection activity of this plant. The purpose of this study was to PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia p-ISSN 1693-3591 (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia) e-ISSN 2579-910X Vol.15 No. 02 Desember 2018112 determine the antibacterial activity and qualitatively evaluate the chemical contents of the ethanol extract of limpasu. Extracts of fruits, leaves, and barks of limpasu were obtained by extraction of those plant materials with soxhlet using ethanol 96%. The liquid extract was evaporated by rotary evaporator, until the viscous masses of fruits extract (EB), leaves extract (ED), and barks extract (EKB) were obtained. Antibacterial activity of EB, ED, and EKB were evaluated by calculating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Propionibacterium acnes, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Ethanol extract of fruit limpasu was the most active against B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and P. acnes with diameter of inhibitory zones at concentrations of 2.5 % w/v were 0.87, 7.6, 7.94, 8.80, and 10.29 mm, respectively. The ethanol extract of fruits, leaves...

The diversity of wild Tampoi (Baccaurea, Phyllantaceae) and their potential to improve the livelihoods of local people in Aceh, Indonesia

“…According to Yunus et al [31] and Gunawan et al [32], the B lanceolata fruit can treat stomach aches in a previous study. The plant is also used as medicine by the Dayak tribe of Kalimantan for fever, acne, headaches, and stomach aches [33]. The fruit of B. lanceolata can be boiled and used as a bath for fever treatment.…”