AISI 304 stainless steel marking by a Q-switched diode pumped Nd:YAG laser

Leone, Claudio; Genna, Silvio; Caprino, G.; Iorio, I. De

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.03.018

Cited by 83 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…If the focus is on the workpiece surface, the frequency has a negligible influence on the groove width. This is in good agreement with the study of Leone et al [23]. They performed the experiments at a much lower pulse frequency (under 40 kHz) and found that the pulse frequency has only a minor influence on the groove width at a lower frequency, while at a higher frequency (above 15 kHz) there is no influence at all.…”

Section: Anova Analysis Of the Groove Width At Zero Plane; W0supporting

confidence: 92%

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Investigation of the laser engraving of AISI 304 stainless steel using a response-surface methodology

Mladenovič¹,

Panjan

Paskvale

et al. 2016

Teh. vjesn.

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Original scientific paper In this paper we present the laser-beam engraving of a cold-rolled AISI 304 stainless-steel plate used for intaglio printing (e.g., banknotes and passports). This intaglio printing process allows the ink from a desired engraved pattern (e.g., microletters and images) to be transferred to a sheet of paper. The intensity of the colour and the ability to prevent the forgery of raised characters that appear on the paper correspond to the channel geometries formed by the laser-beam engraving. In order to obtain the appropriate channel geometry, and to avoid time-consuming, trial-and-error experiments, the engraving parameters must be optimized. For this purpose the Design of Experiments method and the orthogonal array L27 (3 4 ) were selected. A statistical analysis ANOVA at the 95 % confidence level was performed using the statistical software. It was found that the scan speed is the most significant factor affecting the groove geometry. Keywords: AISI 304 stainless-steel; analysis of variance; design of experiments; laser-beam engraving; response surface methodology Istraživanje laserskog graviranja nehrđajućeg čelika AISI 304 primjenom metodologije odzivne površine (RSM)Izvorni znanstveni članak U ovom članku predstavljen je proces laserskog graviranja, hladno valjanog nehrđajućeg čelika AISI 304, primjenom tehnike za tiskanje -intaglio tiska (npr. novčanice i putovnice). Proces intaglio tiska omogućava da se tinta iz željenog graviranog uzorka (npr. mikroslova i slike) prenosi na list papira. Intenzitet boje ispupčenih likova koji se pojavljuju na papiru onemogućavaju krivotvorenje i odgovaraju geometriji kanala koji nastaju tijekom laserskog graviranja. Da bi se dobila odgovarajuća geometrija kanala, i da bi se izbjegli dugotrajni eksperimentalni pokušaji i pogreške, parametri graviranja moraju biti optimirani. U tu svrhu primijenjena je metoda plana eksperimenta (DoE), koristeći ortogonalni plan L27 (3 4 ). Analiza varijance (ANOVA) izvedena je na razini 95 % povjerenju, koristeći statistički softver. Utvrđeno je, da je brzina skeniranja najznačajniji ulazni parametar laserskog graviranja koji utječe na geometriju kanala. Ključne riječi: analiza varijance; eksperimentalni plan (DoE); lasersko graviranje; metodologije odzivne površine (RSM); nehrđajući čelik AISI 304

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Section: Anova Analysis Of the Groove Width At Zero Plane; W0supporting

confidence: 92%

“…The pulse frequency, the power and the focus alone are also a significant factor, but with only a minor influence on w 0 [23]. The first term contributes 9 % to the model, while the other two terms contribute 2 %.…”

Section: Anova Analysis Of the Groove Width At Zero Plane; W0mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the laser engraving of AISI 304 stainless steel using a response-surface methodology

Mladenovič¹,

Panjan

Paskvale

et al. 2016

Teh. vjesn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…They compared the depth, width and contrast generated by the laser process and observed that the pulse frequency was the parameter that most affected surface oxidation, and consequently, the contrast of the surfaces subjected to this laser beam. Similarly, Leone et al [27] verified that the laser pulse frequency was the parameter that most interfered in the contrast obtained on the digital images of the surfaces submitted to the engravings. They have used the same type of laser and the same parameters as Qi et al [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Electrochemical Characterization of an Optical Fiber Laser- Treated Biomaterial

Pieretti¹,

Corrêa²,

Pillis³

et al. 2018

Biomaterials - Physics and Chemistry - New Edition

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The implant manufacturing process includes texturization to enhance its adhesion and marking the final products for their identification, long-term quality control and traceability. Marking is carried out after cleaning and prior to sterilization. These marks eventually can concentrate stress leading to premature failure. The marked areas are defective regions that affect the passive film formed on the metallic biomaterials used for implants favoring the onset of various corrosion types, such as pitting, crevice or fatigue. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a Yb optical fiber laser marking processes used for metallic implants on the localized corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel ISO 5832-1. This is one of the most used materials for manufacturing implants. The electrochemical behavior of the marked areas obtained by this method was evaluated in a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution with pH of 7.4 and the results were compared with unmarked samples. All tested surfaces were prepared according to the recommendations for the use in surgery. For localized corrosion resistance evaluation, electrochemical tests such as monitoring the open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization measurements were performed. The results showed that the laser marks affect the protector characteristics of the biomaterial's passive film. Lower pitting resistance was associated to the laser marked areas.

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“…The physical phenomenon of LBμM is complicated because laser-material interaction depends on laser parameters (power density, wavelength, pulse duration, laser pulse repetition rate), material properties (thermal conductivity, thermal absorption coefficient), machining parameters (scanning speed, number of scans), and machining medium (gas, liquids) [7][8][9][10]. There are a number of drawbacks of LBμM process such as recast layer, heat-affected zone (HAZ), debris, crack formation, and tapering of microcomponent [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of underwater laser beam micromachining (UW-LBμM) on 304 stainless steel

Behera

Sankar

Swaminathan

et al. 2016

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Fabrication of miniaturized components provides a challenge to the manufacturing industries and to meet the challenges many unconventional machining methods are developed, among which laser beam micromachining (LBμM) is one. But, thermal effects such as recast layer, heat-affected zone (HAZ), debris, and thermal cracks are commonly observed in LBμM. So, in order to minimize the thermal effects, underwater laser beam micromachining (UW-LBμM) came into existence. In this paper, experiment on UW-LBμM is reported using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for fabricating microchannels on 304 stainless steel. The effect of input process parameters (scanning speed, number of scan, laser pulse energy) on output responses (kerf width, kerf depth, surface roughness) of microchannel is studied. Laser micromachined channels are characterized by using optical microscopy, surface profilometer, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It is observed that the dimensions of kerf width and kerf depth are low at lower number of scan, laser pulse energy, and higher scanning speed. The surface roughness decreases with decrease in number of scan and increase in laser pulse energy. Minimum surface roughness is achieved at scanning speed of 300 μm/s. The recast layer and debris are minimum during UW-LBμM compared to LBμM. Elemental comparison is carried out inside and in the surroundings of microchannel.

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AISI 304 stainless steel marking by a Q-switched diode pumped Nd:YAG laser

Cited by 83 publications

References 15 publications

Investigation of the laser engraving of AISI 304 stainless steel using a response-surface methodology

Investigation of the laser engraving of AISI 304 stainless steel using a response-surface methodology

Electrochemical Characterization of an Optical Fiber Laser- Treated Biomaterial

Experimental investigation of underwater laser beam micromachining (UW-LBμM) on 304 stainless steel

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