Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Prather, Kimberly A.; Marr, Linsey C.; Schooley, Robert T.; McDiarmid, Melissa A.; Wilson, Mary; Milton, Donald K.

doi:10.1126/science.abf0521

Cited by 364 publications

(339 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For the purpose of describing transmission, a more rational size threshold to distinguish droplets from aerosols, in terms of their physical behaviour and route of exposure, is 100 μm. 20 To clarify the terminology used in this article, therefore, droplets are particles that fall to the ground (or any surface including vertical surfaces) under the influence of gravity and/or the momentum of an infected person’s exhaled air; and aerosols are particles that remain suspended due to size and/or environmental conditions. We will use the term “particles” to refer to droplets/aerosols in general.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dismantling myths on the airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Tang

Bahnfleth

Bluyssen

et al. 2021

Journal of Hospital Infection

309

288

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stimulate revision of the science in the light of current evidence. Six 'myths' are presented, explained and ultimately refuted on the basis of recently published papers and expert opinion from previous work related to similar viruses. There is little doubt that SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted via a range of airborne particle sizes subject to all the usual ventilation parameters and human behaviour. Experts from specialties encompassing aerosol studies, ventilation, engineering, physics, virology and clinical medicine have joined together to produce this review to consolidate the evidence for airborne transmission mechanisms, and offer justification for modern strategies for prevention and control of COVID-19 in health care and the community.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dismantling myths on the airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Tang

Bahnfleth

Bluyssen

et al. 2021

Journal of Hospital Infection

309

288

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The historical threshold of size for the droplet transmission is 5–10

, larger than which the droplet would quickly drop to the ground within 1 m ( World Health Organization, 2014 ). However, recent studies strongly suggested that the criteria to distinguish between aerosol and droplet transmissions should be significantly increased to 100

, larger than which the droplet would fall to the ground within 2 m ( Prather et al, 2020 ). On the other hand, the droplet inhalability drastically decreases as the droplet size exceeds 50

.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition features of inhaled viral droplets may lead to rapid secondary transmission of COVID-19

Shang

Tao

Dong

et al. 2021

Journal of Aerosol Science

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“…Since growing attention is paid to the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in outdoor air (Domingo et al, 2020;Setti et al, 2020;Prather et al, 2020) and management of consequent health risk, atmospheric dispersion and transport modelling could become a useful tool to better understand and validate results coming from outdoor bioaerosol sampling, such as the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genetic materials on air quality filters. For example, virus dispersion modelling could be applied to air emissions coming from COVID-19 ward HVAC systems, that could occur on a rooftop of an hospital or at ground level.…”

Section: Use Of Virus-laden Particles Dispersion Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and Environmental Samples: A Methodological Approach to Have Consistent and Comparable Results

Robotto¹,

Quaglino²,

Lembo³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Since the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, large attention has been focused on the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 diffusion and environment. As a matter of fact, clear evidence of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via respiratory aerosol would be of primary importance; at the same time, checking the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater can be extremely useful to control the diffusion of the disease. Up to now, many studies report SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in indoor/outdoor air samples or water/wastewater samples that can differ by order of magnitude. Unfortunately, complete information about the scientific approach of many studies is still missing, relating to: samplers and sampling materials performances, recovery tests, measurement uncertainty, robustness, detection and quantification limits, infectivity of captured virus, virus degradation during sampling, influence of sample pre-treatments (included freezing) on results, effects of inhibitors, sample alterations due to manipulation, validation of methods and processes, quality assurance according to ISO/IEC 17025 requirements.Based on the first experiences focused on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in environmental samples such as air quality filters, air-liquid impingers and wastewater samples, the present study describes a coherent preliminary approach to SARS-CoV-2 environmental sampling in order to overcome the evident lack of standardization. Three aspects are highlighted here: the first solution to assure quality and consistency to environmental sampling relies on the development of recovery tests using standard materials and investigating sampling materials, sampling techniques, sampling durations, sample conservation and pre-treatments; secondly, in order to overcome the shortcomings of every single sampling technique, coupling different samplers in parallel sampling could be an efficient strategy to collect more information and make data more reliable, in particular for air samples; finally, with regards to airborne virus sampling, the results could be confirmed by simplified emission and dilution models.

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Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 364 publications

References 4 publications

Dismantling myths on the airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Dismantling myths on the airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Deposition features of inhaled viral droplets may lead to rapid secondary transmission of COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2 and Environmental Samples: A Methodological Approach to Have Consistent and Comparable Results

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