Air pollution tolerance index of plants around brick kilns in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Achakzai, Khanoranga; Khalid, Sofia; Adrees, Muhammad; Bibi, Aasma; Ali, Shafaqat; Nawaz, Rab; Rizwan, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.072

Cited by 86 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…According to Chinese researchers (Zhang et al 2016), among 47 investigated species collected from two heavy traffic roadside sites and one suburban site in Beijing, the plant species Magnolia denudata, Diospyros kaki, Ailanthus altissima, Fraxinus chinensis and Rosa chinensis were identified as tolerant species to an environment of heavy air pollution and were recommend to be planted at various locations in the city, especially at roadsides experiencing heavy traffic. Studies which were carried out at increasing distances of 100, 300 and 500 m around three brick kiln sites (Pakistan) showed various air pollution tolerance index (APTI) values of plant species investigated there: Calotropis procera (APTI = 20.05) and Alternanthera pungens (APTI = 17.13) were found to be the most tolerant species and Malva neglecta (APTI = 8.83) was found to be the most sensitive species (Achakzai et al 2017). These studies also represent a positive correlation between air pollution tolerance index and ascorbic acid and relative water content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiological Responses to Environmental Pollution of Selected Plant Species in an Industrial Urban Area

et al. 2018

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The aim of the study was to determine the state of the environment in Sosnowiec (southern Poland) based on the ratio of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and the determination of concentrations of selected metals in soil and plant material. The study was conducted in ten stands: five of them were identified as 'polluted' and five as 'clean' stands. The metal content was evaluated by the atomic absorption method. For APTI calculation, analysis of total chlorophyll concentration and relative water content, the pH of the extract from the leaves was used. Analysis of the bioaccumulation of metals in the leaves revealed excessive concentrations of Pb (32.4 mg kg -1 ) and Zn (129.78 mg kg) at the KWK (coal mine) and Las (forest) stands. Higher capacity accumulation of Pb and Fe was characteristic for Plantago lanceolata. The permitted content of Pb (762.6 mg kg -1 ) in the soil samples collected at the Cedler stand was exceeded. Elevated levels, higher than the permissible concentration of Cd, were documented in soil samples from most stands within the city. In soil samples collected at the Cedler stand, Cd concentration was almost 15 times higher than acceptable for soil (4 mg kg -1 ). Based on the scope of the APTI 4.4-9.42 index obtained for the studied species, they should be considered sensitive plants. All selected species can be used as bioindicators for environmental pollution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiological Responses to Environmental Pollution of Selected Plant Species in an Industrial Urban Area

et al. 2018

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“…However, gaseous pollutants are very quickly metabolised unless photosynthesis and membrane permeability are damaged, which means that stomatal uptake remains high while the plant remains healthy and that pollution tolerance may therefore be considered a trait that influences gaseous pollutant removal 77 . Numerous studies have employed an Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) based on leaf attributes that are associated with greater tolerance of air and water pollution stress 120,[135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144] . APTI requires the determination of four biochemical parameters at leaf level, which are then subjected to a formula (Eq.…”

Section: Environmental Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method has been used to estimate air pollution tolerance for different species around the world. However, such studies have predominantly involved specimens whose provenance differs in environmental conditions (climate, soil water and/or nutrient content, and ambient air pollution concentrations) from those of typical urban planting sites in the United Kingdom [134][135][136][137][138][140][141][142][143][144] . Where the above APTI method has been applied in the United Kingdom (e.g.…”

Section: Environmental Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Designing vegetation barriers for urban air pollution abatement: a practical review for appropriate plant species selection

2020

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Vegetation can form a barrier between traffic emissions and adjacent areas, but the optimal configuration and plant composition of such green infrastructure (GI) are currently unclear. We examined the literature on aspects of GI that influence ambient air quality, with a particular focus on vegetation barriers in open-road environments. Findings were critically evaluated in order to identify principles for effective barrier design, and recommendations regarding plant selection were established with reference to relevant spatial scales. As an initial investigation into viable species for UK urban GI, we compiled data on 12 influential traits for 61 tree species, and created a supplementary plant selection framework. We found that if the scale of the intervention, the context and conditions of the site and the target air pollutant type are appreciated, the selection of plants that exhibit certain biophysical traits can enhance air pollution mitigation. For super-micrometre particles, advantageous leaf micromorphological traits include the presence of trichomes and ridges or grooves. Stomatal characteristics are more significant for sub-micrometre particle and gaseous pollutant uptake, although we found a comparative dearth of studies into such pollutants. Generally advantageous macromorphological traits include small leaf size and high leaf complexity, but optimal vegetation height, form and density depend on planting configuration with respect to the immediate physical environment. Biogenic volatile organic compound and pollen emissions can be minimised by appropriate species selection, although their significance varies with scale and context. While this review assembled evidence-based recommendations for practitioners, several important areas for future research were identified.

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“…In this paper, the combination of services offered by land uses, and the urban tree component is particularly and likewise important.The lack of wealth of information on the current state of specific resources, such as an accurate tree inventory and an assessment of the current state of the urban forest, is probably the basis for specifically planning urban development [35].In addition, the analyses carried out on the tree bark to monitor air quality, which reflect a long-term and multi-year average air contaminant load [36], were interesting, indicating that plants are also excellent indicators. However, plants tolerate air pollution levels differently [37], showing different growth rates in high-polluted areas [38] retaining pollutants according to the size of trees with particular reference to the canopy cover [39,40] and becoming a relevant aspect in future city planning activities [41].In Italy, a national urban green strategy was proposed in 2018 [42], based on three essential elements: moving from square meters to hectares, reducing asphalted areas, and adopting urban forests as a structural and functional reference for urban greening. The aim is to achieve the goals of sustainable growth and the environment, set out in the Conference of the Parties [43] in 2015, in particular concerning the containment of emissions and the adaptation to climate change.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the analyses carried out on the tree bark to monitor air quality, which reflect a long-term and multi-year average air contaminant load [36], were interesting, indicating that plants are also excellent indicators. However, plants tolerate air pollution levels differently [37], showing different growth rates in high-polluted areas [38] retaining pollutants according to the size of trees with particular reference to the canopy cover [39,40] and becoming a relevant aspect in future city planning activities [41].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and Mapping Green Areas Ecosystem Services and Socio-Demographic Characteristics in Turin Neighborhoods (Italy)

Battisti

Pomatto

Larcher

2019

Forests

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The ecosystem services (ES) and human well-being are keywords that guide the Italian strategy on urban greening. The development of ES priorities linked to specific land uses help to guide the drafting of management plans. The aim of the research was to assess and map green areas ecosystem services and socio-demographic characteristics in Turin neighborhoods in order to identify where to improve the provision of ecosystem services and the socio-demographic conditions. The Preliminary Assessment Method (PAM) was used for the assessment of provision and regulating services based on land use. The Species-specific Air Quality index (S-AQI) was used to assess the regulating services provided by trees. Three socio-demographic characteristics were analyzed at the neighborhood level-age index, housing density, and % of economically assisted citizens. PAM results show that Turin provides more ecosystem services in peripheral areas of the city. Trees with high S-AQI values represent 21% of the censed trees. Not recommended trees are 18%. The neighborhoods with higher S-AQI values are not always characterized by a higher number of trees/km 2 or species richness. Results show that the northern part of the city is characterized by higher values of ES and socio-demographic conditions than the central-southern part. This aspect is related to the conspicuous presence of agricultural land uses and water bodies, together with the presence of tree species with a high S-AQI values and high or medium socio-demographic conditions. 57% of the neighborhoods present low results for both aspects. Actions to improve the quality of green spaces in those neighborhoods could have great effects on liveability. Future management and planning strategies for increasing citizens' well-being through urban greening should consider the proposed approach.Forests 2020, 11, 25 2 of 19 (ES), beneficiaries and potential mismatches with their location of supply, as well as on the quality and quantity of ES, are essential to make informed decisions for the proper management of natural resources [5]. Moreover, human well-being is positively influenced by the level of biodiversity present in urban and peri-urban green spaces [6], which must be maintained or increased through effective management of plant and animal species, improving the quality of existing habitats through management [7]. In addition, socioeconomic inequalities in health are less pronounced in people with greater exposure to green space than in those with less exposure [8].As many ecosystem services are provided by urban green spaces, these will need to be better managed and planned to ensure a high standard of living in urban areas [9]. For the assessment of ecosystem services in urban areas, several methods can be applied [10][11][12]. Some of them are based on spatially explicit biophysical indicators to analyze the spatial distribution of ES delivery [13], others on suite of models or web-based modeling platforms for the spatially-explicit assessment of ecosystem services [14,15], and fi...

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Air pollution tolerance index of plants around brick kilns in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Cited by 86 publications

References 17 publications

Ecophysiological Responses to Environmental Pollution of Selected Plant Species in an Industrial Urban Area

Ecophysiological Responses to Environmental Pollution of Selected Plant Species in an Industrial Urban Area

Designing vegetation barriers for urban air pollution abatement: a practical review for appropriate plant species selection

Assessment and Mapping Green Areas Ecosystem Services and Socio-Demographic Characteristics in Turin Neighborhoods (Italy)

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