Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and ultrasound and birth measures of fetal growth: A prospective cohort study in Korea

Lamichhane, Dirga Kumar; Ryu, Jia; Leem, Jong Han; Ha, Mina; Hong, Yun Chul; Park, Hyesook; Kim, Yangho; Jung, Dal Young; Lee, Ji Young; Kim, Hwan Cheol; Ha, Eun Hee

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.058

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Due to the lack of a standardized definition of FGR, we cannot draw a direct correlation between prenatal PM 2.5 exposure and FGR, but AC, FL and BPD are important indicators for EFW, which can indirectly reflect the association between prenatal PM 2.5 exposure and FGR. Consistent with previous similar studies [6, 8, 11, 12, 25, 26], our study showed that atmospheric PM 2.5 exposure during pregnancy negatively affected all measures of fetal growth. However, the effect coefficients were much higher than those in previous studies, which may be due to the higher atmospheric PM 2.5 concentration in China.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Maternal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and fetal growth in Shanghai, China

et al. 2019

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Background Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is not only a major determinant of perinatal morbidity and mortality but also leads to adverse health effects in later life. Over the past decade, numerous studies have indicated that maternal exposure to ambient air pollution has been a risk factor for abnormal fetal growth in developed countries where PM 2.5 levels are relatively low. However, studies in highly polluted regions, such as China, and studies that rely on assessments in utero are scarce. Methods A total of 7965 women were selected from 11,441 women from the Shanghai Maternity and Infant Living Environment (SMILE) cohort who were pregnant between January 1, 2014, and April 30, 2015. From January 1, 2014, to April 30, 2015, weekly average PM 2.5 values from 53 monitors were calculated and the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method was used to create a Shanghai pollution surface map according to the participants residential addresses. Individual exposure was the average PM 2.5 value of every gestational week between the first gestational week and one week before the ultrasound measurement date (the range of measurements per participant was 1 to 10). Repeated fetal ultrasound measurements during gestational weeks 14~40 were selected. The estimated fetal weight (EFW) was calculated by biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) formulas. In total, 29,926 ultrasound measurements were analysed. Demographic variables, other pollutants (SO 2 , NO 2 , PM 10 and O 3 ) and relative humidity and temperature were controlled for potential confounding through generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results The full model showed that with each 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 exposure, the means (mm) of AC, BPD, FL decreased by 5.48 (− 9.06, − 1.91), 5.57 (− 6.66, − 4.47), and 5.47 (− 6.39, − 4.55), respectively; the mean EFW decreased by 14.49 (− 16.05, − 13.49) grams by Hadlock’s third formula and 13.56 (− 14.71, − 12.50) grams by Shepard’s formula with each 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 exposure. Conclusions A negative correlation existed between maternal PM 2.5 exposure during pregnancy and fetal growth indicators, which may increase the risk of fetal growth restriction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12940-019-0485-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Maternal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and fetal growth in Shanghai, China

et al. 2019

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“…The negative effect of PM on weight at birth is instead coherent with current literature [ 43 – 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Particulate Air Pollution, Blood Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, and Telomere Length in Mothers in the First Trimester of Pregnancy: Effects on Fetal Growth

Iodice

Hoxha

Ferrari

et al. 2018

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Growing evidences have shown that particulate matter (PM) exposures during pregnancy are associated with impaired fetal development and adverse birth outcomes, possibly as a result of an exaggerated systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. Telomere length (TL) is strongly linked to biological age and is impacted by oxidative stress. We hypothesized that PM exposure during different time windows in the first trimester of pregnancy influences both mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), an established biomarker for oxidative stress, and TL. Maternal blood TL and mtDNAcn were analysed in 199 healthy pregnant women recruited at the 11th week of pregnancy by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We also examined whether maternal mtDNAcn and TL were associated with fetal growth outcomes measured at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy (fetal heart rate, FHR; crown-rump length, CRL; and nuchal translucency, NT) and at delivery (birth weight, length, head circumference). The possible modifying effect of prepregnancy maternal body mass index was evaluated. PM10 exposure during the first pregnancy trimester was associated with an increased maternal mtDNAcn and a reduced TL. As regards ultrasound fetal outcomes, both FHR and CRL were positively associated with PM2.5, whereas the association with FHR was confirmed only when examining PM10 exposure. PM10 was also associated with a reduced birth weight. While no association was found between mtDNAcn and CRL, we found a negative relationship between mtDNAcn and fetal CRL only in overweight women, whereas normal-weight women exhibited a positive, albeit nonsignificant, association. As abnormalities of growth in utero have been associated with postnatal childhood and adulthood onset diseases and as PM is a widespread pollutant relevant to the large majority of the human population and obesity a rising risk factor, our results, if confirmed in a larger population, might represent an important contribution towards the development of more targeted public health strategies.

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“…Numerous studies have confirmed that maternal exposure to air pollution is positively associated with the risk of maternal diseases (Robledo et al 2015) (Nachman et al 2016;Pedersen et al 2014) and fetal diseases such as PTB, SGA, LBW, and birth defects (Geer et al 2012;Girguis et al 2016;Gray et al 2014;Lamichhane et al 2018). These diseases may share the same mechanism or pathogenesis with CH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…We cannot rule out the potential impacts of maternal exposure to the other air pollutants on the occurrence of newborn CH because of the failure to observe the associations in the present study. Previous studies identified that maternal exposure to SO 2 and CO has a certain impact on adverse birth outcomes (Lamichhane et al 2018 ; Robledo et al 2015 ). Perhaps the effects will be found through the expansion of sample size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal exposure to O3 and NO2 may increase the risk of newborn congenital hypothyroidism: a national data-based analysis in China

Shang

Yang

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes in the offspring, but limited studies focused on the impacts of gaseous air pollution on newborn congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Therefore, a national data-based analysis was conducted to explore the association between maternal exposure to gaseous air pollution and the incidence of CH in China. Annual average exposure levels of SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 from January 1, 2014, to December 30, 2014, were acquired from the Chinese Air Quality Online Monitoring and Analysis Platform. The annual incidence of newborn CH from October 1, 2014, to September 30, 2015, was collected from the Chinese Maternal and Child Health Surveillance Network. Temperature and toxic metal in wastewater in 2014 were also collected as covariates. Maternal exposure to O3 and NO2 in 1 μg/m3 level increment was positively associated with newborn CH, with an OR of 1.055 (95% CI 1.011, 1.102) and 1.097 (95% CI 1.019, 1.182) after adjusting for covariates completely. Compared with the lowest level of O3, maternal exposure to the 4th quartile of O3 was positively associated with newborn CH (OR 1.393, 95% CI 1.081, 1.794) after adjusting for covariates completely. And the 3rd and 4th quartiles of NO2 were associated positively with CH (OR 1.576, 95% CI 1.025, 2.424, and OR 1.553, 95% CI 0.999, 2.414, respectively) compared with the lowest level of NO2. By fitting the ROC curve, 93.688 μg/m3 in O3 might be used as cutoff to predict the incidence of newborn CH in China.

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Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and ultrasound and birth measures of fetal growth: A prospective cohort study in Korea

Cited by 36 publications

References 40 publications

Maternal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and fetal growth in Shanghai, China

Maternal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and fetal growth in Shanghai, China

Particulate Air Pollution, Blood Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, and Telomere Length in Mothers in the First Trimester of Pregnancy: Effects on Fetal Growth

Maternal exposure to O3 and NO2 may increase the risk of newborn congenital hypothyroidism: a national data-based analysis in China

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