Air Pollution Exposure

Johannson, Kerri A.; Balmes, John R.; Collard, Harold R.

doi:10.1378/chest.14-1299

Cited by 90 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Experimental studies in animals and humans provide biological plausibility for the association between air pollution and interstitial lung disease, involving oxidative stress, telomere shortening and inflammation mediated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), as shown in a recent review [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Traffic Air Pollution and Reduced Forced Vital Capacity: A Study Using Personal Monitors for Outdoor Workers

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe effects of outdoor air pollution on lung function in adults are still controversial.ObjectiveEvaluate the effects of exposure to different levels of traffic-generated PM2.5 on workers’ lung functions in São Paulo, Brazil.MethodsTo cover a wide range of exposures, 101 non-smoking workers from three occupations (taxi drivers, traffic controllers, and forest rangers) were selected for the study. After clinical evaluation, the participants were scheduled to attend four consecutive weekly visits in which they received a 24-hour personal PM2.5 sampler and had lung function tests measured on the following day. The association between the spirometric variables and the averaged PM2.5 levels was assessed using robust regression models adjusted for age, waist circumference, time at the job, daily work hours, diabetes or hypertension and former smoking habits.ResultsRelative to workers in the lowest exposed group (all measures < 25 μg/m3), those with the highest level of exposure (all measures > 39.6 μg/m3) showed a reduction of predicted FVC (-12.2%; CI 95%: [-20.0% to -4.4%]), a marginal reduction of predicted FEV1 (-9.1%; CI 95%: [-19.1% to 0.9%]) and an increase of predicted FEF25-75%/FVC (14.9%; CI 95%: [2.9% to 26.8%]) without changes of FEV1/FVC.ConclusionsExposure to vehicular traffic air pollution is associated with a small but significant reduction of FVC without a reduction of FEV1/FVC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Traffic Air Pollution and Reduced Forced Vital Capacity: A Study Using Personal Monitors for Outdoor Workers

et al. 2016

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“…Air pollution exposure represents a well-known risk to human health (Johannson et al, 2015) and ecosystems (Wright et al, 2018;Ssebugere et al, 2019). A strong focus on atmospheric air pollution has been developed worldwide which has led to a significant reduction of some contaminants in the atmospheric environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of measuring ultrafine particles in urban air quality monitoring in small cities

Notardonato¹,

Manigrasso²,

Pierno³

et al. 2019

Geographica Pannonica

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The air quality monitoring is based on the determination of some gaseous pollutants and PM10 and PM 2.5 . Recent studies have reported the importance of the determination aerosol fraction below 1 µm both for the dynamic of the airborne and for the public health issue. This paper would like to investigate the importance of this fraction in the air quality monitoring. Further, a particular focus will be devoted the role of the Ultrafine Particles, i.e. particles below 100 nm, in the aerosol formation and in the human exposure. Two case studies will be presented and discussed on how the submicron particles can be determined and interpreted their role. In the first case, the measurements will be performed in downtown Rieti, city located in central Italy, 100 km North from Rome, with the scope to draw the behavior in relationship to the emission flexes. In the second scenario, the personal exposure of pedestrians will be investigated in Venafro, a small city located 150 km South-East Rome, by means of measuring PMx, total submicron fraction, different aerosol dimensional sizes in the range 5-360 nm along with the total Volatile Compounds. The different sources and contributions affecting the aerosol levels in the two areas will be investigated and extensively discussed as well as the role of the such particles in the aerosols science.

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“…Nonetheless, it is important to note that due to the myriad ways in which socioeconomic and environmental factors interact, it is very difficult to establish highly detailed associations of single environmental risk factors with epidemiological outcomes [14][15][16][17]. Moreover, environmental factors rarely occur in isolation; for example, a population can be exposed to a combination of pollutants from different sources, which could result in additive or synergistic effects and symptoms, making medical diagnostic processes extremely cumbersome [1].…”

Section: Environmental Burden Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor-as-a-Service: Convergence of Sensor Analytic Point Solutions (SNAPS) and Pay-A-Penny-Per-Use (PAPPU) Paradigm as a Catalyst for Democratization of Healthcare in Underserved Communities

et al. 2020

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In this manuscript, we discuss relevant socioeconomic factors for developing and implementing sensor analytic point solutions (SNAPS) as point-of-care tools to serve impoverished communities. The distinct economic, environmental, cultural, and ethical paradigms that affect economically disadvantaged users add complexity to the process of technology development and deployment beyond the science and engineering issues. We begin by contextualizing the environmental burden of disease in select low-income regions around the world, including environmental hazards at work, home, and the broader community environment, where SNAPS may be helpful in the prevention and mitigation of human exposure to harmful biological vectors and chemical agents. We offer examples of SNAPS designed for economically disadvantaged users, specifically for supporting decision-making in cases of tuberculosis (TB) infection and mercury exposure. We follow-up by discussing the economic challenges that are involved in the phased implementation of diagnostic tools in low-income markets and describe a micropayment-based systems-as-a-service approach (pay-a-penny-per-use—PAPPU), which may be catalytic for the adoption of low-end, low-margin, low-research, and the development SNAPS. Finally, we provide some insights into the social and ethical considerations for the assimilation of SNAPS to improve health outcomes in marginalized communities.

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Air Pollution Exposure

Cited by 90 publications

References 58 publications

Association between Traffic Air Pollution and Reduced Forced Vital Capacity: A Study Using Personal Monitors for Outdoor Workers

Association between Traffic Air Pollution and Reduced Forced Vital Capacity: A Study Using Personal Monitors for Outdoor Workers

The importance of measuring ultrafine particles in urban air quality monitoring in small cities

Sensor-as-a-Service: Convergence of Sensor Analytic Point Solutions (SNAPS) and Pay-A-Penny-Per-Use (PAPPU) Paradigm as a Catalyst for Democratization of Healthcare in Underserved Communities

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