Air pollution and tourism demand: A case study of Beijing, China

Zhou, Xiaoge; Jiménez, Yolanda Santana; Rodríguez, Jorge Vicente Pérez; Hernández, Juan M.

doi:10.1002/jtr.2301

Cited by 61 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…NO 2 was found to negatively influence inbound tourism, but it does not significantly affect domestic tourism. This finding is novel and not consistent with some previous studies, including Yan et al [8], Yoon [41], and Zhou et al [43], which reported a negative effect of PM 10 , SO 2 , or NO 2 on tourism. The different impacts of NO 2 on domestic and inbound tourism are especially interesting.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

“…Although different pollutants all reduce the quality of air, their respective impacts on tourist activities may be different. Interestingly, Yan et al [8] reported that PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , and NO 2 all depressed humans' leisure-relevant behaviors, while Zhou et al [43] reported that only PM 10 had a statistically significant impact. As an extension of these two studies, our study also examined and compared the regression results for different pollutants.…”

Section: The Impact Of Air Pollution On Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an extension of these two studies, our study also examined and compared the regression results for different pollutants. However, differently from Yan et al [8] who used geotagged social media check-in data of "Weibo" covering 2015 and 2016, and Zhou et al [43], who solely concentrated on one city in China (the city of Beijing), this study used a city-level sample, including 337 Chinese cities and covering the period between 2007 and 2016. Based on a wider sample, this study was able to examine the impact of air pollution on both inbound and domestic tourism more precisely from an aggregate perspective.…”

Section: The Impact Of Air Pollution On Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Impacts of Different Air Pollutants on Domestic and Inbound Tourism in China

Dong

Wang

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Previous studies have reported that air pollution negatively affects the tourism industry. This paper attempted to answer the following question: among different air pollutants, which one acts as the most adverse factor? The study was based on a sample of panel data covering 337 Chinese cities for the period between 2007 and 2016. Four pollutant indicators were inspected: PM 2 . 5 (particulate matter 2.5 micrometers or less in size), PM 10 (particulate matter 10 micrometers or less in size), SO 2 (sulfur dioxide), and NO 2 (nitrogen dioxide). It was found that PM 2 . 5 had a significantly negative impact on both domestic and inbound tourist arrivals. Regarding the other three pollutant indicators, except for the negative influence of NO 2 on inbound tourist arrivals, no statistically significant impact was found. This study suggests that tourism policy makers should primarily focus on PM 2 . 5 , when considering the nexus between air quality and tourism development. According to our estimates, the negative impact of PM 2 . 5 on tourism is substantial. If the PM 2 . 5 concentration in the ambient air increases by 1 μ g/m 3 (= 0.001 mg/m 3 ), domestic and inbound tourist arrivals will decline by 0.482% and 1.227%, respectively. These numbers imply an average reduction of 81,855 person-times in annual domestic tourist arrivals and 12,269 in inbound tourist arrivals in each city.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Section: The Impact Of Air Pollution On Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Impact Of Air Pollution On Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impacts of Different Air Pollutants on Domestic and Inbound Tourism in China

Dong

Wang

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…For instance, according to the study by Dong et al [27], who investigated 274 cities in China for the period 2009-2012, if PM 10 concentration in ambient air increased by 1 µg/m 3 , inbound tourist arrivals would decline by 0.56%. Zhou et al [31] focused on Beijing City, and reported that, if PM 10 density increased by 1 µg/m 3 , inbound tourist arrivals in Beijing would decline by 0.33%. Differently from these two studies, Xu et al [29] reported that the response of inbound tourist arrivals to PM 10 pollution was not significant statistically, based on a sample covering 337 cities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A set of studies have quantitatively revealed the harm of local air pollution to inbound tourism in China. The studies included Becken et al [24], Deng et al [26], Dong et al [27], Tang et al [17], Xu and Reed [28], Xu et al [29], Zhou et al [30], and Zhou et al [31] on different districts in Mainland China; Cheung and Law [32] and Law and Cheung [33] on the Hong Kong SAR of China; and Chen et al [34] on the Sun Moon Lake scenic area in the Taiwan Province of China.…”

Section: Impact Of Air Pollution In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Impact of Air Pollution on China’s Inbound Tourism: A Gravity Model Approach

Dong

2020

Sustainability

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China’s inbound tourism grew very slowly in recent years. This study modelled China’s inbound tourism based on a gravity model with province-level inbound tourist arrivals data from 13 countries of origin between 2010 and 2016. It was found that air pollution in tourist destinations and origin regions both had significant negative impacts on China’s inbound tourism. On average, if the concentration of particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less (PM 2.5 ) in China and foreign countries increased by 1 μ g/m 3 , inbound tourist arrivals would decline by approximately 1.7% and 3.8%, respectively. The effect of pollution in destination regions is explained by the importance of clean air as a favored characteristic of tourist attractions. The effect of pollution in tourist origin countries is explained by more awareness of and concern about air pollution by potential tourists if they live in more polluted countries. Further analysis showed that the impact of air pollution in destination regions was larger for tourists coming from more polluted and Asian countries, and visiting less polluted and more popular destinations. This study has a clear policy implication: improving air quality can be considered as a straightforward and effective way to promote inbound tourism in China. If air quality in China can be substantially improved in the future, inbound tourist arrivals have the potential to rise by at least tens of millions of person-times.

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The impact of air quality on China's inbound tourism based on the heterogeneity of tourists' risk perception

Sun

Liu

2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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This study employs a panel econometric model to assess and examine the relationship between inbound tourism to China and air quality, using data on air quality and inbound tourism at the provincial level in China from 2013 to 2017. It also considers how travelers perceive risk. According to the findings, there has been an increase in foreign tourists visiting China since 2013. However, the air quality index's representation of domestic air quality is not encouraging. Our studies using the fixed effect model demonstrate that domestic air quality has a considerable beneficial impact on the number of inbound tourists, which is still strong when utilizing the mixed effect and random effect models; in comparison to northern China, the impact of air quality in southern China is more clear. Our studies demonstrate that the ongoing decline in China's inbound tourism scale in recent years is strongly correlated with the quality of the country's air, which is influenced by each visitor's personal preferences. In order to improve China's reputation in the global tourism market, the report concludes by outlining solutions to address this impact. These methods include maintaining the promotion of environmental governance while also tightly integrating tourism marketing.

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Air pollution and tourism demand: A case study of Beijing, China

Cited by 61 publications

References 38 publications

The Impacts of Different Air Pollutants on Domestic and Inbound Tourism in China

The Impacts of Different Air Pollutants on Domestic and Inbound Tourism in China

Evaluating the Impact of Air Pollution on China’s Inbound Tourism: A Gravity Model Approach

The impact of air quality on China's inbound tourism based on the heterogeneity of tourists' risk perception

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