Air Pollution and Pulmonary Function in Asthmatic Children

Mortimer, Kathleen; Neugebauer, Romain; Lurmann, Frederick; Alcorn, Siana; Balmes, John R.; Tager, Ira B.

doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e31816a9dcb

Cited by 119 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The recent INMA cohort study found that in utero exposures, more specifically during the second trimester of pregnancy, may be more relevant for long-term adverse consequences for lung function than exposures later in life (Morales et al, 2015). A USA cohort study of 232 asthmatic children indicated that the association between allergic sensitization at 6-11 years of age and exposure to air pollution during pregnancy was stronger in the first and second trimesters (Mortimer et al, 2008). Another USA cohort study also found deficits in offspring lung function at preschool age in relation to maternal short-term exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (PM 2.5 ) in the second trimester of pregnancy (Jedrychowski et al, 2010).…”

Section: Eczema Asthmamentioning

confidence: 98%

Exposure to outdoor air pollution during trimesters of pregnancy and childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema

Deng

et al. 2016

Environmental Research

250

112

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Section: Eczema Asthmamentioning

confidence: 98%

Exposure to outdoor air pollution during trimesters of pregnancy and childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema

Deng

et al. 2016

Environmental Research

250

112

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“…25 Namely, there have been associational studies that document correlations between in utero exposure to each of maternal smoking and pollutants such as carbon monoxide and asthma later in life (e.g., Stick et al 1996;Gilliland, Li, and Peters, 2001;Mortimer et al, 2008). We note that apart from only reporting correlations, the exact biological pathways in utero connecting these to asthma remain unclear.…”

Section: Study IImentioning

confidence: 88%

Second Trimester Sunlight and Asthma: Evidence from Two Independent Studies

Wernerfelt

Slusky

Zeckhauser

2017

American Journal of Health Economics

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One in twelve Americans suffers from asthma and its annual costs are estimated to exceed $50 billion. Simultaneously, the root causes of the disease remain unknown. A recent hypothesis speculates that maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy affect the probability the fetus later develops asthma. In two large-scale studies, we test this hypothesis using a natural experiment afforded by historical variation in sunlight, a major source of vitamin D. Specifically, holding the birth location and month fixed, we see how exogenous within-location variation in sunlight across birth years affects the probability of asthma onset. We show that this measurement of sunlight correlates with actual exposure, and consistent with pre-existing results from the fetal development literature, we find substantial and highly significant evidence in both datasets that increased sunlight during the second trimester lowers the subsequent probability of asthma. Our results suggest policies designed to augment vitamin D levels in pregnant women, the large majority of whom are vitamin D insufficient, could be very cost-effective.

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“…The lung function impairment is also associated with occupational asthma and exposure to air pollution. 38,39 Some children show only mild, transient and sporadic episodes of airway obstruction that does not lead to chronic asthma. Depending upon the severity of asthmatic episodes, it can be further classified as in Table 2.…”

Section: -18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2017

IJPSR

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Asthma is a chronic obstructive disease of airways affecting bronchi, resulting in bronchoconstriction, tightening of chest and airway inflammation. Asthma remains a disease with clearly unsatisfactory therapeutics. With the mounting evidence in support of asthma being an inflammatory illness, anti-inflammatory agents have now become prerequisite for the long-term management of asthma. Along with anti-inflammatory agents, there is a need to search for other effective therapies to treat every aspect of the disease. The present review gives an insight of various approaches available for the management of asthma. A number of drugs are available with chemical diversity as on date for the treatment of bronchospasmolytic conditions. The different sites or receptor involved in this intervention is adrenoceptor, steroid receptor, phosphodiesterase and many more. The agents such as β-agonist, antihistaminics, anticholinergics and inhalation steroids, only treat symptoms and do not cure the underlying inflammation. On the other hand, adenosine receptor modulators, selective PDE4 inhibitors, leukotriene modifiers and lipoxygenase inhibitors represents other therapeutic interventions with more targeted control by acting on different parts of immune system and the inflammatory processes. A combination of both of these approaches has been found to improve asthma control with a reduced dose of steroids. With many representative agents of each of these potential therapeutic targets, undergoing clinical studies, successful development of novel therapeutic agents in this field, is not remote. There is a need to understand completely about the phenotype of asthmatic patients so that each patient will receive proper therapy.

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Air Pollution and Pulmonary Function in Asthmatic Children

Abstract: Prenatal and early-life exposures to CO, PM10, and NO2 have a negative effect on pulmonary function in subgroups of asthmatic children.

Cited by 119 publications

References 24 publications

Exposure to outdoor air pollution during trimesters of pregnancy and childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema

Exposure to outdoor air pollution during trimesters of pregnancy and childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema

Second Trimester Sunlight and Asthma: Evidence from Two Independent Studies

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