Air pollutants and primary allergy prevention

Heinrich, Joachim

doi:10.1007/s40629-018-0078-7

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…7,8 Very little is known about the environmental risk factors of rhinitis and its different phenotypes, including air pollution. 9 Because rhinitis is frequently associated with asthma, 10 for which air pollution has been shown to strongly aggravate symptoms, 11 and even induce the disease, 12 it is a genuine question to wonder about the effects of air pollution on rhinitis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Long-term air pollution exposure is associated with increased severity of rhinitis in 2 European cohorts

Burte

Leynaert

Marcon

et al. 2020

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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Background: Very few studies have examined the association between long-term outdoor air pollution and rhinitis severity in adults. Objective: We sought to assess the cross-sectional association between individual long-term exposure to air pollution and severity of rhinitis. Methods: Participants with rhinitis from 2 multicenter European cohorts (Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment on Asthma and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey) were included. Annual exposure to NO 2 , PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM coarse (calculated by subtracting PM 2.5 from PM 10) was estimated using land-use regression models derived from the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects project, at the participants' residential address. The score of rhinitis severity (range, 0-12), based on intensity of disturbance due to symptoms reported by questionnaire, was categorized into low (reference), mild, moderate, and high severity. Polytomous logistic regression models with a random intercept for city were used. Results: A total of 1408 adults with rhinitis (mean age, 52 years; 46% men, 81% from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey) were included. The median (1st quartile-3rd

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term air pollution exposure is associated with increased severity of rhinitis in 2 European cohorts

Burte

Leynaert

Marcon

et al. 2020

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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“…Reasons for these heterogeneous observations may include differences in study design, exposure assessment, air pollutants included and air pollution monitoring site locations. Ultimately, air pollution has an important role in the development and prevalence of allergic symptoms, but its precise influences have not been fully established [ 2 , 26 , 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultimately, air pollution has an important role in the development and prevalence of allergic symptoms, but its precise influences have not been fully established. 2,26,33,34 The EEU is designed to replicate effectively an outdoor environment while removing those variables that may affect allergy research. The EEU allows for allergen specificity; control over antigen exposure level; temperature; and air quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fexofenadine hydrochloride on allergic rhinitis aggravated by air pollutants

et al. 2021

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In recent decades, seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) prevalence has increased and recent studies have shown that air pollutants, such as diesel exhaust particles (DEP), can increase inflammatory and allergic biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DEP on SAR symptoms induced by ragweed and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fexofenadine HCl 180 mg versus placebo.This Phase 3, single-centre, sequential, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised study (NCT03664882) was conducted in an environmental exposure unit (EEU) during sequential exposures: Period 1 (ragweed pollen alone), Period 2 (ragweed pollen+DEP), and Period 3 (ragweed pollen+DEP+single-dose fexofenadine HCl 180 mg or placebo). Efficacy and safety were evaluated in Period 3. Primary endpoints were the area-under-the-curve of Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) from baseline to hour 12 (AUC0–12) during Period 1 and Period 2; and the AUC of the TNSS from hour 2 to 12 (AUC2–12) during Period 3.251/257 evaluable subjects were included in the modified intent-to-treat population. Least squares (LS)-mean difference (95% confidence interval [CI]) for TNSS Log AUC0−12 in Period 2 versus Period 1 was 0.13 (0.081, 0.182; p<0.0001). LS-mean difference in TNSS Log AUC2−12 for fexofenadine HCl versus placebo during Period 3 was −0.24 (−0.425, −0.047, p=0.0148). One fexofenadine HCl-related AE was observed.SAR symptoms evoked by ragweed were aggravated by DEP. Fexofenadine HCl 180 mg was effective in relieving pollen-induced, air pollution-aggravated allergic rhinitis symptoms.

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“…In one meta-analysis of birth cohorts, there was no increased risk for AR from exposure to PM2.5 [OR: 1.02 per 2 µg/m 3 increase in PM2.5 (95% CI: 0.72-1.43)]. 46 In contrast, in another pooled meta-analysis of six birth cohorts, investigators observed an association between PM2.5 exposure at birth and AR diagnosis at the age of 7-8 years [OR: 1.37 per 5 µg/m 3 increase in PM2.5 (95%CI: 1.01-1.86)]. 47 In a subgroup (of children who did not move their house during their first 8 years of life) from a birth cohort of 3863 Dutch children, researchers found an association between PM2.5 exposure and AR.…”

Section: Particulate Matter and The Development Of Allergic Rhinitismentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of particulate matter to respiratory allergy

Sompornrattanaphan

Thongngarm

Ratanawatkul

et al. 2020

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol

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Background: Air pollution contributes to an estimated six million deaths per year. Epidemiological and experimental studies show an association between air pollutant exposure and respiratory allergy. Objective:We aimed to write a narrative review of the epidemiology of air pollution-related respiratory-related allergic disorders (including asthma and allergic rhinitis) and the effects of air pollutants -with an emphasis on the particulate matter -on respiratory allergy-related health.Methods: PubMed Medline was searched, and representative epidemiologic and controlled-exposure studies were selected by using terms for air pollutants, particulate matter, and respiratory allergy including asthma and allergic rhinitis.Results: Epidemiological studies showed methodologic heterogeneity, including variability in study populations, geographical regions, types and sources of pollutants, methods for exposure estimation, approaches to controlling for confounding, and case definitions. This heterogeneity affected measures of association between studies. There is strong evidence to support an association between exposure to particulate matter and asthmatic exacerbations. Although data are inconclusive, several studies suggest exposure to particulate matter contributes to the development of asthma, allergic sensitization, and allergic rhinitis. Experimental studies, such as controlled-exposure studies, support a causal association between particulate matter and adverse health effects.Conclusions: Particulate matter exposure can exacerbate pre-existing asthma and may contribute to developing asthma, allergic rhinitis, and aeroallergen sensitization. Short-term and long-term strategies are needed to reduce disease severity and prevent new-onset disease development. Additional research is needed to identify effective avoidance strategies and therapeutic approaches.

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Air pollutants and primary allergy prevention

Cited by 14 publications

References 69 publications

Long-term air pollution exposure is associated with increased severity of rhinitis in 2 European cohorts

Long-term air pollution exposure is associated with increased severity of rhinitis in 2 European cohorts

Effect of fexofenadine hydrochloride on allergic rhinitis aggravated by air pollutants

The contribution of particulate matter to respiratory allergy

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