Air-Blown Entrained-Flow Gasification of Biomass: Influence of Operating Conditions on Tar Generation

Briesemeister, L.; Kremling, M.; Fendt, S.; Spliethoff, Hartmut

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b01801

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Thanks to the high operating temperature and the use of oxygen as GA, tar compounds are almost completely converted which is a great advantage for biomass gasification. However, when air is used as a GA, for example, in small-scale units, temperatures decrease which results in tar content growth [114]. As reported by Basu [42], a slurry prepared with mixing biomass and water may be used to facilitate feeding into the reactor.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Biofuels Production by Biomass Gasification: A Review

et al. 2018

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The production of biofuels from renewable sources is a major challenge in research. Methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether (DME), synthetic natural gas (SNG), and hydrogen can be produced from syngas which is the result of the gasification of biomasses. Syngas composition varies according to the gasification technology used (such as fixed bed reactors, fluidized bed reactors, entrained flow reactors), the feedstock characteristics, and the operating parameters. This paper presents a review of the predominant biomass gasification technologies and biofuels obtained from syngas by biomass gasification.

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confidence: 99%

“…Briesemeister et al [114] investigated the effects of operating temperature (900-1300 • C) and equivalence ratio of an air-blown entrained-flow gasifier on tar formation by using air as the GA. They observed tar -oading reduction to less than 0.2 g/Nm 3 at 1300 • C.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biofuels Production by Biomass Gasification: A Review

et al. 2018

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“…An insufficient supply of oxygen may increase the char and tar formation, which may decrease the carbon conversion efficiency. 69 Conversely, an oversupply of oxygen may oxidize the catalyst and cause combustion of CH 4 and H 2 , followed by oxidation of CO, which reduces the calorific value of produced syngas. Therefore, the C/O ratio must be optimized to maximize the yield of H 2 and lower heating value (LHV) simultaneously.…”

Section: Parametric Effects On the Performance Of Rfvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini Review of Catalytic Reactive Flash Volatilization of Biomass for Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Production

2022

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While the global energy demand is estimated to increase, the energy supply has to transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy to reduce CO 2 emissions to avoid the consequences of climate change. Hydrogen produced from renewable resources can play a vital role as a sustainable energy carrier. Among several routes of H 2 production, thermochemical conversion of biomass into hydrogen has been gaining much interest. Catalytic steam gasification via reactive flash volatilization (RFV) technology is a proven method for producing tar-free hydrogen-rich syngas from a range of biomass at relatively low temperatures (<900 °C) in a single-step millisecond residence time reactor. Here, we review the recent literature and evaluate the economic prospects of catalytic RFV gasification of different biomass. The performance of RFV has been compared to other types of gasification technologies based on the data available in the published literature. Parameters affecting RFV performance include the temperature, steam and oxygen supply, catalyst, and biomass type. A higher temperature and steam/carbon ratio was favorable for the hydrogen yield, whereas the optimal carbon/oxygen ratio was required to achieve a high quality and yield of syngas. Ni-based catalysts were found to be excellent for steam reforming of tar, C 2 compounds and methane; and water gas shift reactions, regardless of the biomass used. Techno-economic factors affecting the cost of hydrogen were process efficiency, cost of biomass, scale of the plant, carbon tax, capital cost, and location-specific factors, such as cost of labor and utility.

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“…A real synthesis gas, for example, from the gasification of biogenic residues, often consists of a wide variety of other components besides the main components CO, CO 2 , and H 2 like ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, nitrogen oxide species, hydrogen sulfide, sulfoxides, COS, CS 2 , or short-chain hydrocarbons and tar (Briesemeister et al, 2017;Kremling et al, 2017). Especially the usage of synthesis gas from the gasification of biogenic residues is a promising approach for the application of a waste to value process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially the usage of synthesis gas from the gasification of biogenic residues is a promising approach for the application of a waste to value process. Typical orders of magnitude for the trace components in syngases from entrained-flow gasification of biogenic residues are 0.1-6.0% CH 4 , 4,500 ppm NH 3 , 150 ppm HCN, 200 ppm H 2 S, and 200 ppm NO X (Briesemeister et al, 2017;Kremling et al, 2017;Kremling, 2018). Some of these species can have beneficial effects on the microbial growth and production, while others can have inhibiting or even toxic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Syngas Fermentation With Clostridium carboxidivorans in Stirred-Tank Reactors With Defined Gas Impurities

et al. 2021

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Syngas fermentation processes with acetogenic bacteria like Clostridium carboxidivorans have been proven to be a promising approach for the conversion of CO-rich waste gases into short- and medium-chain alcohols. The challenge of synthesis gas impurities, on the other hand, has always been a major concern for establishing an industrial-scale process, since some of the trace components in waste gases, such as NH3, H2S, and NOx, can have inhibiting or even toxic effects on microbial growth and product formation. Thus, this study aims to identify the effects of the main trace impurities in syngas from gasification of biogenic residues by the supply of defined concentrations of trace impurities to the cultivation medium. Autotrophic gas fermentation studies were performed with C. carboxidivorans in batch-operated fully-controlled stirred-tank bioreactors with continuous gas supply (80% CO and 20% CO2). The syngas components NH3 and H2S had a positive effect on both growth and alcohol formation (ethanol, 1-butanol, and 1-hexanol). The maximum biomass concentration was increased by more than 50%, and the maximum ethanol concentration was more than doubled with 5.0 g L−1 NH4Cl or 1.0 g L−1 H2S provided by the addition of 2.2 g L−1 thioacetamide. The addition of the nitrogen oxide species nitrate and nitrite, on the other hand, reduced biomass growth as well as alcohol concentrations. Already, the supply of 0.1 g L−1 NaNO3 resulted in reduced growth and 25% reduction of the maximum ethanol concentration. The production of the longer chain alcohols 1-butanol and 1-hexanol was reduced as well. All NaNO2 concentrations tested showed a strong toxic effect on the metabolism of C. carboxidivorans, and neither CO consumption nor product formation was observed after addition. As a consequence, NOx components in syngas from the gasification of biogenic residues should be reduced by the gasification process and/or selectively removed from the syngas after gasification.

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Air-Blown Entrained-Flow Gasification of Biomass: Influence of Operating Conditions on Tar Generation

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Biofuels Production by Biomass Gasification: A Review

Biofuels Production by Biomass Gasification: A Review

Mini Review of Catalytic Reactive Flash Volatilization of Biomass for Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Production

Studies on Syngas Fermentation With Clostridium carboxidivorans in Stirred-Tank Reactors With Defined Gas Impurities

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