AIDS-related cholangitis

Bouche, Henri; Housset, Chantal; Jl, Dumont; Carnot, Françoise; Menu, Y.; Aveline, B.; Belghiti, Jacques; Boboc, B.; Erlinger, S; Berthelot, Pièrre; Pol, Stanislas

doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(05)80518-5

Cited by 131 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…AIDS cholangiopathy is usually seen in patients with CD4 counts below 100/mm 3 [6]. It usually presents in patients with a known diagnosis of HIV, but it can rarely present as an AIDS-defining illness [7]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inclusion bodies that are characteristic of cytomegalovirus infection are rarely seen in biliary epithelial cells of affected patients, but are frequently found in the arteriole adjacent to the biliary duct [17]. Often there is an associated lymphocytic infiltrate [7]. Viral cultures for CMV are usually negative but immunohistochemical stains may improve CMV detection [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, electron microscopy may be necessary [6, 20]. Isospora and Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI) are less common causes of AIDS cholangiopathy contributing to fewer than 5% of cases [7]. Mycobacterium avium complex is a consideration when one sees poorly formed noncaseating granulomas along with large foamy macrophages and a scarcity of lymphocytes [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycobacterium avium complex is a consideration when one sees poorly formed noncaseating granulomas along with large foamy macrophages and a scarcity of lymphocytes [21]. Malignancies such as Kaposi's sarcoma or primary Burkitt's lymphoma can also cause AIDS cholangiopathy, but this is far less common than an infectious etiology [7, 21]. Finally, diseases of the pancreas that involve the distal common bile duct can mimic AIDS cholangiopathy [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AIDS Cholangiopathy in an Asymptomatic, Previously Undiagnosed Late-Stage HIV-Positive Patient from Kenya

Gao

Chin

Mishriki

2011

International Journal of Hepatology

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AIDS-associated cholangiopathy is a form of biliary tract inflammation with stricture formation seen in AIDS patients who are severely immunosuppressed. It is no longer common in countries in which HAART therapy is widely employed but is still seen in underdeveloped countries. The majority of patients are symptomatic at the time of presentation. Herein, we describe a seventy-four-year-old woman who presented with unilateral leg swelling after a prolonged airplane flight. She was otherwise entirely asymptomatic. Routine laboratory testing was notable for a hypochromic microcytic anemia, slight leukopenia, and mild hypoalbuminemia. Liver enzymes were all elevated. Deep venous thrombosis was confirmed, and a CT scan of the chest disclosed no pulmonary emboli. However, the visualized portion of the abdomen showed dilatation of the common bile and pancreatic ducts. This was confirmed on ultrasonography and MRCP, and no obstructive lesions were noted. An ERCP revealed a dilated common bile duct without filling defects or strictures. A balloon occlusion cholangiogram showed strictures and beading of the intrahepatic ducts. Shortly thereafter, serology for HIV returned positive along with a depressed CD4 cell count, and the patient was diagnosed with AIDS-associated cholangiography.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AIDS Cholangiopathy in an Asymptomatic, Previously Undiagnosed Late-Stage HIV-Positive Patient from Kenya

Gao

Chin

Mishriki

2011

International Journal of Hepatology

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“…[10] Many infectious agents including Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Cryptosporidium , Campylobacter , Candida albicans , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Microsporidia , and Reovirus type 3, have been reported to cause cholangitis in AIDS patients. [1112] Cytomegalovirus and Cryptosporidium are the most frequently reported pathogens. [13] Various pathogenic mechanisms have been postulated, including opportunistic organisms directly producing the biliary lesions, development of biliary lesions due to immune deficiency phenomenon, and direct cytopathic effects of the HIV on the biliary tract mucosa.…”

Section: Cholangitis Associated With Systemic Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral infections of the biliary tract

Gupta¹,

Chakravarti²

2008

Saudi J Gastroenterol

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Bacterial infections of the biliary tract are often considered to be an important cause of acute cholangitis. Viral infections of the biliary tract however, are very often mistaken as viral hepatitis. This article highlights various viral causes of common biliary tract infections. Viral cholangitis is both less common and less discussed than viral hepatitis. Hepatotropic viruses (A, B, C, and E) are generally regarded as hepatocellular pathogens, yet cholangitic manifestations are now well described in association with these diseases. Systemic viral diseases also lead to cholangitis in varying proportion to hepatitis. Human immunodeficiency virus is associated with protean hepatic complications, including cholangitis due to several causes. Other systemic viruses, most notably those of the herpes virus family, also cause hepatic disease including cholangitis and possibly ductopenia in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients.

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Cholangitis and Biliary Tract Infections

Beuers¹

2007

Textbook of Hepatology

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AIDS-related cholangitis

Cited by 131 publications

References 25 publications

AIDS Cholangiopathy in an Asymptomatic, Previously Undiagnosed Late-Stage HIV-Positive Patient from Kenya

AIDS Cholangiopathy in an Asymptomatic, Previously Undiagnosed Late-Stage HIV-Positive Patient from Kenya

Viral infections of the biliary tract

Cholangitis and Biliary Tract Infections

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