Viral infections of the biliary tract

Gupta, Ekta; Chakravarti, Anita

doi:10.4103/1319-3767.41740

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Biliary tract inflammation (BTI), including cholecystitis and cholangitis, both infectious and noninfectious types, refers to an inflammation of the gallbladder and bile duct. BTI, a common illness,1, 2 is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in older patients with comorbid diseases 3–8. Although endoscopic, percutaneous, and surgical treatments are commonly available for BTI in recent years, BTI still carries a mortality rate of 10–20% 9–11…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the course and prognosis of adults with acute lymphocytic leukemia in first salvage after induction failure or short first remission duration

Kantarjian

Thomas

Ravandi

et al. 2010

Cancer

110

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BACKGROUND Results from salvage therapy in adult patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) are wide-ranging and depend on several disease and patient characteristics. The objectives of this study were to define the prognosis for adult patients with ALL after first salvage through multivariate analyses of patient and disease characteristics. METHODS Adults with ALL who had primary resistance to frontline therapy or who had a disease recurrence after a first complete response (CR) duration <1 year were analyzed. Multivariate analyses for subsequent CR and survival were conducted. RESULTS Seventy-five of 245 patients (31%) achieved CR. The median CR duration was 5 months, the median survival was 4.7 months. In multivariate analysis, independent poor prognostic factors for not achieving CR were age >55 years, bone marrow blasts ≥20%, and platelet count <75 × 109/L Variables that were associated independently with shorter survival were age >55 years, bone marrow blasts ≥20%, platelet count <75 × 109/L, albumin level <3 g/L, and lactic dehydrogenase level ≥1000 IU/L. Patients who had ≥3 of the 5 adverse factors (45%) had a median survival of 2 to 3 months and CR rates of 8% to 15%. Achieving CR was associated independently with improved survival in a landmark multivariate analysis (P<.0001; hazard ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.03–0.72). CONCLUSIONS The current analyses identified a subset of adults patients ALL in first salvage for whom standard therapies were associated with an extremely poor outcome. The results also confirmed the importance of achieving CR to attain improved survival.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the course and prognosis of adults with acute lymphocytic leukemia in first salvage after induction failure or short first remission duration

Kantarjian

Thomas

Ravandi

et al. 2010

Cancer

110

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“…The exact cause of cholestasis in HBV infection is not known. Approximately 25% of hepatitis B biopsy samples show portal reversible lymphoid aggregates or follicles, and less than 10% reveal bile duct damage 3 , 4 . Hepatitis B surface and core antigens have also been demonstrated in cholangiocytes in a small minority of cases 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Treatment of Severely Cholestatic Acute Hepatitis B With Oral Corticosteroid

Mallick

Nath

Praharaj

et al. 2020

ABCD, arq. bras. cir. dig.

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“…Primary biliary fibrosis and biliary atresia with additional HBV infection has been described in clinical studies [ 24 , 25 ]. In addition, biliary diseases might even be attributed or caused by HBV infection [ 26 , 27 ]. Especially, patients with immunosuppression and chronic HBV infection are at high risk of developing fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis, an aggressive and mostly fatal form of viral hepatitis [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus surface proteins accelerate cholestatic injury and tumor progression in Abcb4-knockout mice

et al. 2017

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Understanding of the pathophysiology of cholestasis associated carcinogenesis could challenge the development of new personalized therapeutic approaches and thus improve prognosis. Simultaneous damage might aggravate hepatic injury, induce chronic liver disease and even promote carcinogenesis. We aimed to study the effect of Hepatitis B virus surface protein (HBsAg) on cholestatic liver disease and associated carcinogenesis in a mouse model combining both impairments. Hybrids of Abcb4−/− and HBsAg transgenic mice were bred on fibrosis susceptible background BALB/c. Liver injury, serum bile acid concentration, hepatic fibrosis, and carcinogenesis were enhanced by the combination of simultaneous damage in line with activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), proto-oncogene c-Jun, and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Activation of Protein Kinase RNA-like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase (PERK) and Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A (eIF2α) indicated unfolded protein response (UPR) in HBsAg-expressing mice and even in Abcb4−/− without HBsAg-expression. CONCLUSION: Cholestasis-induced STAT3- and JNK-pathways may predispose HBsAg-associated tumorigenesis. Since STAT3- and JNK-activation are well characterized critical regulators for tumor promotion, the potentiation of their activation in hybrids suggests an additive mechanism enhancing tumor incidence.

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Viral infections of the biliary tract

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Defining the course and prognosis of adults with acute lymphocytic leukemia in first salvage after induction failure or short first remission duration

Defining the course and prognosis of adults with acute lymphocytic leukemia in first salvage after induction failure or short first remission duration

Successful Treatment of Severely Cholestatic Acute Hepatitis B With Oral Corticosteroid

Hepatitis B virus surface proteins accelerate cholestatic injury and tumor progression in Abcb4-knockout mice

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