Aids‐related B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas in direct blood‐stream HIV‐infected patients: Pathogenesis and differentiation features

Abstract

Six AIDS-related NHLs from direct blood-stream HIV-infected patients were characterized for clonality, maturation cell characteristics, activation of c-myc proto-oncogene and presence of HIV and EBV genomes. Four out of the 6 AIDS-related NHLs were of immature B-cell origin, contrasting with the lower frequency (2 out of 31) of immature B-cell NHLs occurring in HIV-negative patients. Moreover, 3 out of the 4 AIDS-related pre-B-NHLs were extranodal lymphomas. C-myc translocations or rearrangements were not found in Italian AIDS-related NHLs, unlike c-myc activation which had a high prevalence in the American series of AIDS-related NHLs. HIV and EBV are not, or only occasionally, directly involved in AIDS-related NHL pathogenesis since HIV genome has never been found in the neoplastic clones and EBV genome was detected in only 1 out of the 6 lymphomas analyzed.

High incidence of monoclonal EBV episomes in Hodgkin's disease and anaplastic large‐cell ki‐1‐positive lymphomas in HIV‐1‐positive patients

“…Alternatively, lack of detection of Ig and TCR gene rearrangements may be a consequence of the low number of H and RS cells in pathological tissue, which may prevent detection by Southern blotting of Ig or TCR gene rearranged fragments. Therefore, the increased incidence of LMs in Italian HIV-1-infected patients results mainly from malignant transformation of very immature and anomalously matured lymphoid cells, which rarely give rise to LMs in normal human subjects (Carbone et al, 1989;Boiocchi et al, 1990). The unusual extranodal presentation of LMs in HIV-1-positive patients may possibly be related to the anomalous genotypic and phenotypic features of these tumors.…”

EBV detection in HIV‐related oral plasmablastic lymphoma

“…Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the human herpes virus family and has been associated with the development of lymphoproliferative diseases including malignant lymphoma, infectious mononucleosis, hairy leukoplakia, salivary glands tumors, and some gastrointestinal tract tumors (Purtilo et al , 1992; Ioachim et al , 1997; Okano and Gross, 2000). In situ hybridization (ISH) has been used to verify the presence of EBV in AIDS‐associated lymphomas (Green and Eversole, 1989; Boiocchi et al , 1990; Chappuis et al , 1990), and results have varied from 15% to 80% of positivity.…”

Head and Neck Lymphomas Associated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

“…28 Representative samples were col¬ lected during standard diagnostic procedures. In frozen tis¬ sues from NHL cases, the expression of surface immunoglobulin, common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen CD10, and cell-associated and cell-associated differentiation antigens (Leu-12-CD19, Leu-14-CD22, OKB7-CD21, BA1-CD24, BA2-CD9, HLA-DR, Leu-4-CD3, Leu-2a-CD8, Leu-3a-CD4, Leu-1-CD5, OKT6-CD1, OKT10-CD38, Leu-7-CD57, and Leu-8) was deter¬ mined as described previously.29·30 Monoclonal antibodies suitable for paraffin tissues (leukocyte common antigen or CD45, BerH2-CD30, Leu-Ml-CD15, epithelial mem¬ brane antigen, vimentin, LNl-CDw75, LN2-CD74, L26-CD20, UCHL1-CD45R0, Leu-22-CD43, MT1-CD43, and KP1-CD68) were also used as previously reported.31 The immunoreactivity and the source of all these commer¬ cially available antibodies have been reported sepa¬ rately.29"33 Molecular genetic studies were done on tissue samples obtained from five patients, as previously described.32 34 The samples were evaluated for gene rearrangements of immu¬ noglobulin heavy and light chains and T-cell receptor ß.…”