AI bot to detect fake COVID‐19 vaccine certificate

Abstract

As the world is now fighting against rampant virus COVID-19, the development of vaccines on a large scale and making it reach millions of people to be immunised has become quintessential. So far 40.9% of the world got vaccinated. Still, there are more to get vaccinated. Those who got vaccinated have the chance of getting the vaccine certificate as proof to move, work, etc., based on their daily requirements. But others create their own forged vaccine certificate using advanced software and digital tools which will create complex problems where we cannot distinguish between real and fake vaccine certificates. Also, it will create immense pressure on the government and as well as healthcare workers as they have been trying to save people from day 1, but parallelly people who have fake vaccine certificates roam around even if they are COVID/Non-COVID patients. So, to avoid this huge problem, this paper focuses on detecting fake vaccine certificates using a bot powered by Artificial Intelligence and neurologically powered by Deep Learning in which the following are the stages: a) Data Collection, b) Preprocessing to remove noise from the data, and convert to grayscale and normalised, c) Error level analysis, d) Texture-based feature extraction for extracting logo, symbol and for the signature we extract Crest-Trough parameter, and e) Classification using Den-seNet201 and thereby giving the results as fake/real certificate. The evaluation of the model is taken over performance measures like accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, detection rate, recall, f1-score, and computation time over state-of-art models such as SVM, RNN, VGG16, Alexnet, and CNN in which the proposed model (D201-LBP) outperforms with an accuracy of 0.94.

Applications of Social Media and Digital Technologies in COVID-19 Vaccination: Scoping Review

“…However, the promotion of biometric technologies may face ethical and data privacy issues. An artificial intelligence bot was also developed to detect fake vaccine certificates [ 182 ].…”

“…Thirteen articles [181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193] applied blockchain, mHealth, algorithms, and biometric technologies for COVID-19 vaccination certification. Eight of these studies were considered innovative, but some digital solutions had technical barriers, transaction costs, and ethical barriers to promotion.…”

Cognizance and mitigation of falsified immunization documentation: Analyzing the consequences for public health in Nigeria, with a focus on counterfeited COVID‐19 vaccination cards: A case report

“…However, the proliferation of fake vaccination cards has emerged as a significant concern, casting a shadow over vaccination efforts and raising serious public health risks. 1 In Nigeria, the presence of fake COVID-19 vaccination cards, primarily distributed by unscrupulous health workers, has led to the creation of flawed vaccination records within the country. These fraudulent cards enable individuals who have not received the COVID-19 vaccine to falsely claim immunization, undermining the integrity of vaccination campaigns and posing substantial challenges to effective public health management.…”

“…As a result, vaccination certificates have become mandatory in many countries as proof of immunization for travel and access to various establishments. However, the proliferation of fake vaccination cards has emerged as a significant concern, casting a shadow over vaccination efforts and raising serious public health risks 1 …”

“…However, the proliferation of fake vaccination cards has emerged as a significant concern, casting a shadow over vaccination efforts and raising serious public health risks. 1 …”