Agronomic properties and characterization of rice husk and wood biochars and their effect on the growth of water spinach in a field test

Milla, Odette Varela; Rivera, Eva B.; Huang, Wu‐Jang; Chien, Chuan-Chi; Wang, Y.-M

doi:10.4067/s0718-95162013005000022

Cited by 65 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The higher BC doses resulted in higher barley grain yields relative to the control. Increases in plant height, biomass growth and grain yield under biochar amendments have been widely reported (Alburquerque et al, 2013;Baronti et al, 2010;Varela Milla et al, 2013). However, contrasting findings are also common (Mukherjee and Lal, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of biochar on two volcanic soils: effects on soil properties and barley yield

Curaqueo

Meier

Khan

et al. 2014

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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The use of biochar in agricultural soils appears to be promising because it is known to improve soil properties and increase crop production. However, few studies have been conducted with biochar on volcanic soils. Two field experiments were conducted simultaneously to evaluate the effect of oat hull biochar (OBC) on various physical-chemical properties of two volcanic soils, an 'Inceptisol' and an 'Ultisol', and to evaluate the resulting effects on the yields of barley (Hordeum vulgare) grown on these soils. The OBC doses applied to field microplots were equivalent to 0, 5, 10 and 20 Mg ha -1 . The results showed that pH, total exchangeable bases, and electrical conductivity increased at the highest dose of OBC in both soils. Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) was significantly high in the Ultisol at a rate of 20 Mg OBC ha -1 . Water-stable aggregates (WSA) and mean weight diameter (MWD) were enhanced at the highest doses of OBC in both soils. However, water-holding capacity (WHC) only increased in the Ultisol when amended with OBC at rates of 10 and 20 Mg ha -1 . Barley yield (grain weight m -2 ) significantly increased at the highest OBC dose by 31.3% and 21.9% for crops grown on the Inceptisol and Ultisol, respectively. Significant relationships were observed between WHC and glomalin fractions (r = 0.81, p < 0.01 for easily extractable-GRSP and r = 0.62, p < 0.01 for Total-GRSP) as well as between organic C and WSA and both glomalin fractions. According to this study, biochar may be used effectively to improve the quality of these two volcanic soils and promote sustainable grain production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of biochar on two volcanic soils: effects on soil properties and barley yield

Curaqueo

Meier

Khan

et al. 2014

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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“…Similarly, RH contains a high content of silicon and potassium nutrients. These properties indicate RH has great potential to be used as a soil amendment [11]. Moreover, [12] reported that RH could be used as a soil amendment, particularly, for improving soil physical properties by improving the porosity of soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Charcoal on Soil Physicochemical Properties, Rice Growth and Yield

Mishra¹,

Taing²,

Hall³

et al. 2017

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To investigate the effect of the application of rice husk (RH) and rice husk charcoal (RHC) on soil properties and rice production, pot experiment comprising of five treatments was conducted. Soil was mixed at the rate of 0 (control), 2% and 4% (w/w) with RH and RHC, respectively with randomized complete block design (RCBD). RHC incorporation had a potential to reduce the acidity of the soil, whereas, RH incorporation had almost no effect on the pH of the soil. RH and RHC amendment both increased the saturated hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content, plant available water and field capacity but decreased the bulk density of soil. Crop growth components at harvest revealed that the highest plant height was recorded in RH4%. However, for the panicle length, panicle weight and number of tillers, the highest value was found in RHC2%, 14.2 cm, 4.0 g and 28.8 cm, respectively. Furthermore, number of panicle, 1000-grains weight and grain yield were also found highest in RHC2%, 22.4 g and 4.41 t/ha, respectively. However, for the number of grain per panicle and percentage of filled grain, the highest value was found in RH4%, 79.0 and 88.5, respectively. The grain yield increased by 38%, 28%, 18% and 22% and the biological yield increased by 27%, 18%, 14%, and 16% for RHC2%, RHC4%, RH2%, and RH4%, respectively, compared to that of the control; however, the significant difference was found only for RHC2% for both. The harvest index increased under all application rates of RH and RHC compared to that of control.

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“…The authors attributed these increases to the increase in soil fertility status improving nutrition required for maize grain quality improvement. There are also several reports on an increase in plant height, growth and grain quality with biochar application in crops [27][28][29], which indicate a positive effect of biochar on crops.Biochar addition to soils is expected to promote sustainable crop production through a positive effect on yield, but these may depend on the cropping seasons. For instance, Cornelissen et al [30] studied the effect of rice husk biochar and cacao shell biochar applied to Indonesia Utisol soil at rates of up to 15 t ha −1 and found that the maize yield with rice husk biochar become lower and faded in the second cropping while with cacao shell biochar was highest in the second cropping through third and fourth, but faded in the fifth cropping seasons.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…These lack of positive responses of crop yield could be attributed to the changes in biochar chemistry over time as it ages in the soil environment [34]. Hence, the properties of biochar responsible for crop improvement may be altered consequently leading to no effect on growth and yield.Several pieces of research have focused on biochar effects on grain crops, such as rice, maize, wheat and vegetable of which plant growth responses to biochar addition varied [19,21,24,27,28,32]. However, there is still a scarcity of information of biochar addition on sesame [35,36], indicating a need to generate understanding of how biochar addition can effectively be used to increase sesame production.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy

et al. 2019

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Sesame is an important oilseed crop cultivated worldwide. However, research has focused on biochar effects on grain crops and vegetable and there is still a scarcity of information of biochar addition on sesame. This study was to assess the effect of biochar addition on sesame performance, with a specific emphasis on growth, yield, leaf nutrient concentration, seed mineral nutrients, and soil physicochemical properties. A field experiment was conducted on an upland field converted from paddy at Tottori Prefecture, Japan. Rice husk biochar was added to sesame cropping at rates of 0 (F), 20 (F+20B), 50 (F+50B) and 100 (F+100B) t ha −1 and combined with NPK fertilization in a first cropping and a second cropping field in 2017. Biochar addition increased plant height, yield and the total number of seeds per plant more in the first cropping than in the second cropping. The F+50B significantly increased seed yield by 35.0% in the first cropping whereas the F+20B non-significantly increased seed yield by 25.1% in the second cropping. At increasing biochar rates, plant K significantly increased while decreasing Mg whereas N and crude protein, P and Ca were non-significantly higher compared to the control. Soil porosity and bulk density improved with biochar addition while pH, exchangeable K, total N, C/N ratio and CEC significantly increased with biochar, but the effect faded in the second cropping. Conversely exchangeable Mg and its plant tissue concentration decreased due to competitive ion effect of high K from the biochar. Biochar addition is effective for increasing nutrient availability especially K for sesame while improving soil physicochemical properties to increase seed yield, growth and seed mineral quality.Agronomy 2019, 9, 55 2 of 20 (13.5%), ash (5%) [2], and mineral components, such as K (815 mg/100 g), P (647 mg/100 g), Mg (579 mg/100 g) and Ca (415 mg/100 g) [3]. This contributes to its health and nutritional benefits. Therefore, demand for sesame seeds is increasing due to the increasing knowledge on their dietary and health benefits, but there has been limited research on sesame evidenced by low yield in most growing areas hence hampering its adoption and expansion in the world [4]. Although sesame has been reconsidered a local specialty crop in Japan [5], the production of sesame is still low. For instance, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2016 estimated that 11 tons of sesame seeds were produced from an area of 21 hectares [6]. With the increase in abandoned paddy fields estimated at 360,000 ha by the year 2010, farmers were encouraged to convert such fields into cultivation of upland crops, such as wheat and soybeans [7,8], including sesame. However, crop yield on upland fields converted from paddy may decrease due to declining soil fertility status of the paddy soils that could require soil amendment with organic materials [9].Biochar is a soil amendment produced from thermal decomposition of organic materials through pyrolysis and it has the potential to increase crop yields [10,11]....

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Agronomic properties and characterization of rice husk and wood biochars and their effect on the growth of water spinach in a field test

Cited by 65 publications

References 21 publications

Use of biochar on two volcanic soils: effects on soil properties and barley yield

Use of biochar on two volcanic soils: effects on soil properties and barley yield

Effects of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Charcoal on Soil Physicochemical Properties, Rice Growth and Yield

Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy

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