Agronomic Characteristics and Environmental Stress

Whigham, D. K.; Minor, Harry C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-521160-4.50009-8

Cited by 50 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Number of flowering days in soybean is a character that affects directly plant height, number of nodes, maturing time, lowest pod insertion, leaf area, lodging degree, and mainly grain yield, as well as other important agronomic characters of that crop (Gopani and Kabaria, 1970;Whigham and Minor, 1978). Therefore, the knowledge of an efficient selection strategy to increase gain in soybean time to flowering is of fundamental importance to obtain new cultivars adapted to a larger variation of environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for later flowering in soybean (Glycine max L.Merrill) F2 populations cultivated under short day conditions

1999

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Several different selection strategies were used to estimate expected gain of days to flowering and other related characters in two F2 soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) populations. The sample originated from crosses of lines whose seeds do not contain the three lipoxygenase isozymes with the commercially cultivated IAC-12. IAC-12 is a gene carrier for an extended juvenile period. This study was conducted during the winter of 1994 in Viçosa, Minas Gerais. The plants were grown under natural photoperiod. One population was grown in a heated greenhouse, and the other in the field under natural temperature conditions. Lower temperatures early in the field planting caused a delay in flowering. Delayed flowering caused a broader amplitude in all characters evaluated, and resulted in higher selection gains for the field-grown plants than for the greenhouse-grown plants. Direct selection for number of flowering days proved to be efficient for improving this character in both populations. Gains were also obtained for other characters. Interactions of temperature and photoperiod and temperature and genotypes affected soybean flowering time and produced alterations in other correlated agronomic characters, including productivity.
Diferentes estratégias de seleção foram adotadas para estimar os ganhos esperados em dias para florescimento e outros caracteres relacionados em duas populações F2 de soja, oriundas do cruzamento entre linhagens com ausência das três isozimas lipoxigenases em suas sementes e o cultivar comercial IAC-12 portador de genes para período juvenil longo. As duas populações foram conduzidas em Viçosa, MG, no inverno de 1994, sob fotoperíodo natural e em diferentes condições de temperatura. Uma população foi conduzida em casa de vegetação, com aquecimento, e a outra, no campo, sob condições naturais de temperatura. Houve retardamento na data de florescimento das plantas conduzidas no campo, em função das baixas temperaturas observadas no início do desenvolvimento das mesmas. Este fato proporcionou aumento na amplitude de todos os caracteres mensurados, ocasionando maiores ganhos com a seleção das plantas cultivadas no campo, comparadas com as da casa de vegetação. A seleção direta em dias para o florescimento mostrou-se eficiente para ganho neste caráter nas duas populações, além de proporcionar ganhos consideráveis nos outros caracteres avaliados. Os dados demonstraram, também, que a temperatura e o fotoperíodo interagem entre si e com os genótipos, afetando a época de florescimento em soja, com conseqüentes alterações em outros caracteres agronômicos correlacionados, incluindo-se produtividade

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for later flowering in soybean (Glycine max L.Merrill) F2 populations cultivated under short day conditions

1999

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“…The majority of the 328 samples tested were either Harcor or Hodgson. The four cultivars range from maturity group 0 to II (19). The most suitable production area for soybean cultivars in Ontario is recommended on the basis of corn heat units (HU) (1,2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed molds of soybean in Ontario and the influence of production area on the incidence ofDiaporthe phaseolorumvar.caulivoraandPhomopsissp.

Anderson

1985

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…In areas with relatively short soybean growing seasons temperature is considered the major factor limiting soybean growth (Whigham and Minor, 1978). Root temperatures in the 25-30 °C range are optimal for soybean N 2 fixation (Jones and Tisdale, 1921).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early seedling and seasonal N2-fixing symbiotic activity of two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strains of diverse origin

Lynch

Smith

1993

Plant Soil

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In areas with a short growing season the poor adaptability of soybean [Glycine max Merr. (L.)] to cool soil conditions is considered the primary yield limiting factor. Soybean requires temperatures in the 25 to 30 °C range for optimum N2-fixation and yield. Field studies were conducted in 1990 and 1991 at Montreal, Quebec to determine whether adaptability to cool soil conditions, with respect to earlier symbiosis establishment and function, existed among either Bradyrhizobium strains or soybean genotypes. An early maturing isoline of the soybean cultivar Evans and the cultivar Maple Arrow were inoculated with one of four strains isolated from the cold soils of Hakkaido, northern Japan, or the commercially used strains 532C or USDAll0, at two planting dates. Plot biomass and nodulation were assessed at seedling(V2), and flowering(R2) growth stages and harvest maturity. Soybean genotypes did not differ for pre-flowering nodulation or Nz-fixation in the cool spring conditions of the first year. Seasonal N2-fixation rates were also determined at the final harvest by the N-balance and 15N-isotope dilution methods. Significantly higher symbiotic activity was found for two of the four Hakkaido strains and was reflected in higher final soybean seed yield and total Nz-fixation for the growing season, as compared to the two commercial strains. Planting 14 days earlier resulted in greater early vegetative and total seasonal N 2 fixation and yield in the second year when soil temperatures were warmer, emphasizing the need for the development of soybean-Bradyrhizobium combinations superior in nodule development and function under cool soil conditions.

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Agronomic Characteristics and Environmental Stress

Cited by 50 publications

References 50 publications

Selection for later flowering in soybean (Glycine max L.Merrill) F2 populations cultivated under short day conditions

Selection for later flowering in soybean (Glycine max L.Merrill) F2 populations cultivated under short day conditions

Seed molds of soybean in Ontario and the influence of production area on the incidence ofDiaporthe phaseolorumvar.caulivoraandPhomopsissp.

Early seedling and seasonal N2-fixing symbiotic activity of two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strains of diverse origin

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