Agroecological Strategies for Arthropod Pest Management in Brazil

Lemos, Felipe; Sarmento, Renato Almeida; Teodoro, Adenir Vieira; Santos, Gil Rodrigues dos; Nascimento, Ildon Rodrigues do

doi:10.2174/2212798411103020142

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Mean values ± standard errors are given Pollen and nectar provided by spontaneous plants are important alternative food sources for predatory mites, especially in times of shortage of phytophagous mites, as well as morphological structures in leaves of spontaneous plants can provide shelter and oviposition site (Bellini et al 2005). The diversification of agroecosystems promoted by the use of the natural diversity of spontaneous plants favours the abundance of natural enemies, which, in turn, can reduce pest population (Lemos et al 2011). This factor may explain the similar density of phytophagous mites on physic nut shrubs and on spontaneous plants found here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving factors of the communities of phytophagous and predatory mites in a physic nut plantation and spontaneous plants associated

et al. 2013

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Seasonal changes in climate and plant diversity are known to affect the population dynamics of both pests and natural enemies within agroecosystems. In Brazil, spontaneous plants are usually tolerated in small-scale physic nut plantations over the year, which in turn may mediate interactions between pests and natural enemies within this agroecosystem. Here, we aimed to access the influence of seasonal variation of abiotic (temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) and biotic (diversity of spontaneous plants, overall richness and density of mites) factors on the communities of phytophagous and predatory mites found in a physic nut plantation and its associated spontaneous plants. Mite sampling was monthly conducted in dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous leaves of spontaneous plants as well as in physic nut shrubs over an entire year. In the dry season there was a higher abundance of phytophagous mites (Tenuipalpidae, Tarsonemidae and Tetranychidae) on spontaneous plants than on physic nut shrubs, while predatory mites (Phytoseiidae) showed the opposite pattern. The overall density of mites on spontaneous plants increased with relative humidity and diversity of spontaneous plants. Rainfall was the variable that most influenced the density of mites inhabiting physic nut shrubs. Agroecosystems comprising spontaneous plants associated with crops harbour a rich mite community including species of different trophic levels which potentially benefit natural pest control due to increased diversity and abundance of natural enemies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving factors of the communities of phytophagous and predatory mites in a physic nut plantation and spontaneous plants associated

et al. 2013

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“…In addition to direct mortality by pesticides, their sublethal effects on arthropod physiology and behavior must be considered for a complete analysis of their impact (DESNEUX; DECOURTYE; DELPUECH, 2007). As alternative to undesirable effects of broad spectrum synthetic pesticides, selective pesticides and natural pesticides have been both recommended as they are normally less harmful to natural enemies (ISMAN, 2006;DAYAN;CANTRELL;DUKE, 2009;LEMOS et al, 2011). Besides this direct effect, the arthropod community may also have suffered an indirect effect which might have been caused by the decrease in food availability to other components of the watermelon food web.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of insecticides on non-target arthropods in watermelon crop

et al. 2012

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Watermelon Citrullus lunatus (Thunberg, Matsumura & Nakai) is an ecosystem having a variety of arthropods, each one playing a specific role. Although some of them are considered pest to crops, some others are responsible for soil aeration, nutrient release and predation of pest species and are, therefore, considered beneficial to crops. The intensive farming practiced for watermelon cultivation in Brazil is based on the use of tiamethoxam and deltamethrin, which may not only kill target but also nontarget organisms such as beneficial arthropods. Research data regarding the influence of insecticides on arthropods in watermelon cropping is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the insecticides deltamethrin and thiamethoxam on soil surface and watermelon canopy arthropod community. The study was carried out in the State of Tocantins, Brazil. Although the application of thiamethoxam and deltamethrin was efficient in controlling populations of Aphis gossypii (Glover), as we expected, they negatively affected non-target arthropods such as detritivores insects in the canopy and soil surface. Ecological implications of the impact of such pesticides on beneficial arthropod species are discussed. Key words: Citrullus lanatus, neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, non-target arthropods ResumoA cultura da melancia Citrullus lunatus (Thunberg, Matsumura & Nakai) abriga uma grande diversidade de artrópodes, cada um desempenhando um papel específico. Apesar de alguns desses artrópodes serem considerados pragas, outros são responsáveis pela aeração do solo, liberação de nutrientes e predação das espécies-praga, sendo, dessa forma, considerados benéficos às culturas. A agricultura intensiva praticada no Brasil para o cultivo da melancia é baseada no uso dos inseticidas como tiamethoxam e deltametrina, que pode não só matar as pragas, mas também organismos não-alvo. Pesquisas relacionadas à influência de inseticidas sobre artrópodes benéficos na cultura da melancia são escassas. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito dos inseticidas deltametrina e thiamethoxam na comunidade de artrópodes existentes na superfície do solo, bem como naqueles artropópodes que habitam o dossel das plantas na cultura da melancia. Este estudo foi realizado no Estado do Tocantins, Brasil. Embora as aplicações de thiamethoxam e deltametrina foram eficientes no controle de populações de Aphis gossypii, como era esperado, os inseticidas afetaram negativamente artrópodes não-alvo como insetos detritívoros, insetos de dossel e da superfície do solo. Implicações ecológicas do impacto dos pesticidas sobre as espécies de artrópodes benéficos são discutidos.

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“…Other authors suggest developing the relationship with Pest Management, therefore a more pest-centred IPM: ecologically based pest management (Altieri and Nicholls 2003;Zhao et al 2016). Finally, other authors propose similar "Pest Management" approaches: a more environmentally friendly approach [e.g., Environmental Pest Management (Coll and Wajnberg 2017a)], a more agroecological approach [e.g., ecological pest management; ecological pest control; agroecological approaches for pest management (Altieri 1980;Altieri and Nicholls 2017;Brzozowski and Mazourek 2018;Hill 2004;Kogan and Jepson 2007;Lemos et al 2011;Reddy 2017;Zhao et al 2016;Wyckhuys et al 2020b)] or even a more systemic and holistic approach such as holistic pest management (Barrera 2020a, b;Malézieux 2017). Deguine et al (2009) endorse a "crop-centred" rather than "pest-centred" approach and call for a major change of course, transitioning from agrochemical crop protection to Agroecological Crop Protection (ACP).…”

Section: Calls For More Ecology In Crop Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated pest management: good intentions, hard realities. A review

Deguine

Aubertot

Flor³

et al. 2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

297

104

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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) provides an illustration of how crop protection has (or has not) evolved over the past six decades. Throughout this period, IPM has endeavored to promote sustainable forms of agriculture, pursued sharp reductions in synthetic pesticide use, and thereby resolved myriad socio-economic, environmental, and human health challenges. Global pesticide use has, however, largely continued unabated, with negative implications for farmer livelihoods, biodiversity conservation, and the human right to food. In this review, we examine how IPM has developed over time and assess whether this concept remains suited to present-day challenges. We believe that despite many good intentions, hard realities need to be faced. 1) We identify the following major weaknesses: i) a multitude of IPM definitions that generate unnecessary confusion; ii) inconsistencies between IPM concepts, practice, and policies; iii) insufficient engagement of farmers in IPM technology development and frequent lack of basic understanding of its underlying ecological concepts. 2) By diverting from the fundamental IPM principles, integration of practices has proceeded along serendipitous routes, proven ineffective, and yielded unacceptable outcomes. 3) We show that in the majority of cases, chemical control still remains the basis of plant health programs. 4) Furthermore, IPM research is often lagging, tends to be misguided, and pays insufficient attention to ecology and to the ecological functioning of agroecosystems. 5) Since the 1960s, IPM rules have been twisted, its foundational concepts have degraded and its serious (farm-level) implementation has not advanced. To remedy this, we are proposing Agroecological Crop Protection as a concept that captures how agroecology can be optimally put to the service of crop protection. Agroecological Crop Protection constitutes an interdisciplinary scientific field that comprises an orderly strategy (and clear prioritization) of practices at the field, farm, and agricultural landscape level and a dimension of social and organizational ecology.

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Agroecological Strategies for Arthropod Pest Management in Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Driving factors of the communities of phytophagous and predatory mites in a physic nut plantation and spontaneous plants associated

Driving factors of the communities of phytophagous and predatory mites in a physic nut plantation and spontaneous plants associated

Impact of insecticides on non-target arthropods in watermelon crop

Integrated pest management: good intentions, hard realities. A review

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