Agroecología y cambio climático: ¿adaptación o transformación?

Altieri, Miguel A.; Nicholls, Clara I.

doi:10.15359/rca.52-2.13

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Likewise, within the paradigm of agroecology, four general conceptions can be identified of the processes and dynamics of the agroecological social transition defended from this point of view [18] (pp. 254-255): first, the eco-structural approach, centered on sustainable production and social metabolism with a macro perspective [19][20][21][22]; second, the social innovations model, focused on cooperative and endogenous tools with a micro approach [23][24][25][26]; third, the personal and collective agency model, concerned with micro and meso networks with a social institutional approach [27][28][29]; and, fourth, the postdevelopment approach, oriented towards social change and food sovereignty with a macro approach [30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Theoretical Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ecologist perspective of ecological agriculture (agroecology) is associated, according to Sevilla-Guzmán [31,43], with the traditional practices, uses, and perceptions incorporated by peasant societies, as well as with the transition towards a more sustainable social metabolism and towards other perspectives and socio-economic practices that can face the challenges of climate change and environmental deterioration [20,33] [21] (p. [82][83]. This has implied considering ecological production a social action tending towards repeasantization [16] (p. 2) [25,28].…”

Section: Theoretical Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Andalusian Organic Farming Plans (2002–2016): Themes, Approaches and Values

Jiménez-Díaz

Campaña

2021

Sustainability

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Organic farming in the Spanish region of Andalusia has acquired great socio-economic importance over the past decades. The purpose of this article is to study the themes, approaches, and socio-political values pertaining to ecological agriculture addressed in the Andalusian plans for organic farming (2002–2016). The contents of these plans have not been systematically studied before. From a descriptive and qualitative perspective, the authors present and classify the main themes addressed in those plans and show the socio-political approaches and values that underpin the plans. A thematic and semantic content analysis methodology is applied to the plans and sections addressing various objectives, measures, and actions. A theoretical-qualitative sampling is developed, and 109 keywords are selected for content analysis. This analysis allows us to detect numerous themes pertaining to ecological agriculture and to classify them into six semantic fields linked to various approaches and values promoted by the Andalusian autonomous administration. Therefore, this research focuses on changing perspectives of organic farming developed by the administration and the agents involved in the plans. The authors conclude that the diverse actors have prioritized a productivist–technocratic approach to ecological agriculture, to the detriment of an approach centered on sustainable and agroecological local communities.

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Section: Theoretical Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Andalusian Organic Farming Plans (2002–2016): Themes, Approaches and Values

Jiménez-Díaz

Campaña

2021

Sustainability

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“…La agricultura y la ganadería intensiva, la aplicación de agroquímicos y la sobreexplotación de los recursos naturales ponen en riesgo la biodiversidad de los agroecosistemas y contribuyen al cambio climático (Reyes-Palomino y Cano-Ccoa, 2022). Este estado ecológico vulnerable en que se encuentra la agricultura industrial constituye una amenaza importante para la seguridad alimentaria de la humanidad (Altieri y Nicholls, 2018). Los efectos adversos de la agricultura moderna sobre los recursos naturales en los agroecosistemas tropicales, tienden a ser más expeditos, debido a las dinámicas propias de los ambientes cálidos (Ojeda Bustamante e Íñiguez Covarrubias, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Uso de enmienda orgánica y microorganismos eficientes en chile habanero (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)

Aguilar Jiménez,

Nandayapa Solís,

Zapata Hernández

et al. 2024

SIEMBRA

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El chile habanero constituye una de las hortalizas más importantes en la cultura culinaria de México debido a sus características aromáticas singulares. Su cultivo se concentra en el sur y sureste de México, usándose típicamente los principios de la agricultura convencional. Bajo este modelo se utilizan grandes cantidades de fertilizantes y plaguicidas, lo que afecta la producción con inocuidad. Con el objetivo de evaluar dos proporciones de composta como sustrato (100 y 50 %), además de un testigo, con y sin la aplicación de microorganismos eficientes (EM), bajo un diseño completamente al azar, se realizó un ensayo en Villaflores, Chiapas, México (N 16º 32’ y W 93º 45’). Los seis tratamientos tuvieron cinco repeticiones, cada una con cinco plantas. Las plántulas se trasplantaron a los 21 días después de la siembra (DDS) en bolsas de polietileno con las proporciones señaladas. El manejo orgánico se fundamentó en la aplicación del biofertilizante cada ocho días, hasta los 64 DDS. Los parámetros evaluados fueron altura de planta, diámetro de tallo, número y peso de frutos, así como diámetro polar y ecuatorial. Se realizó análisis de varianza, pruebas de medias (Tukey p ≤ 0,05) y correlaciones simples (Pearson). Se determinó superioridad estadística de los parámetros evaluados en los tratamientos de uso de la enmienda orgánica en sus dos proporciones, mejorándose las variables fenológicas y de rendimiento con la aplicación de los EM, en simetrías del 5 al 20 %. Las correlaciones señalaron correspondencia de las variables fenológicas y de los componentes de rendimiento del chile habanero.

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“…In a broad sense, the agroecological management seeks to increase the biodiversity and biotic interactions and take advantage of the ecosystem services they provide. In this way, agroecology aims to replace external inputs (such as synthetic fertilizers and pesticides) and rely more on bene cial interactions with soil microorganisms (Altieri, 2018). However, few studies have evaluated the effects of agroecological management on soil fungi and their interactions with plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition to agroecology promotes mutualistic and reduces antagonistic fungi in lettuce roots

Borda

Grilli

Cofré

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Efficient and sustainable food production constitutes a significant challenge. Conventional agriculture involves the regular application of pesticides and fertilizers, with a wide range of negative externalities including the compromise of ecosystems stability, pernicious effects on human health, and social problems. These practices may negatively affect soil microorganisms including two groups of widely distributed plant root mutualists: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytic fungi (DSEF). These fungi improve host plant nutrition and growth, and protect them against stress. Agroecology has emerged as a demand for a paradigm shift in productive systems and involve the reduced or null inputs of agrochemicals that are replaced by ecological services provided by biodiversity and biotic interactions. Notwithstanding, the knowledge on how agroecological practices affect crops interactions with belowground mutualists and antagonists is limited. In this study, we evaluated through direct observation and molecular methods, the abundance and diversity of mutualistic -AMF and DSEF- and the abundance of antagonistic fungi Olpidiaster brassicae (ex Olpidium) in lettuce roots cultivated in transition to agroecology (TA) and conventional horticulture (CH) fields located in central Argentina. We found that TA, mainly through avoiding agrochemical applications, increased root colonization levels of AMF and DSEF, molecular sequences abundance of AMF, and diversity of both mutualists while decreased percentage of colonization of the pathogen O. brassicae in lettuce. Therefore, through their effects on soil fungi, agroecological managements could benefit plant growth and health.

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Agroecología y cambio climático: ¿adaptación o transformación?

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Andalusian Organic Farming Plans (2002–2016): Themes, Approaches and Values

Andalusian Organic Farming Plans (2002–2016): Themes, Approaches and Values

Uso de enmienda orgánica y microorganismos eficientes en chile habanero (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)

Transition to agroecology promotes mutualistic and reduces antagonistic fungi in lettuce roots

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