Agriculture in a changing climate: Keeping our cool in the face of the hothouse

Thornton, Philip K.; Dinesh, Dhanush; Cramer, Laura; Loboguerrero, Ana María; Campbell, Bruce M.

doi:10.1177/0030727018815332

Cited by 54 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Climate change is already challenging agriculture (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC -Fifth Assessment Report 2014; IPCC, 2014; Thornton et al, 2018). It will result in higher temperatures, drought, and increased soil salinity (Korres et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Polyploidy in Grafted Crops

et al. 2020

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Synthetic polyploids have been extensively studied for breeding in the last decade. However, the use of such genotypes at the agronomical level is still limited. Polyploidization is known to modify certain plant phenotypes, while leaving most of the fundamental characteristics apparently untouched. For this reason, polyploid breeding can be very useful for improving specific traits of crop varieties, such as quality, yield, or environmental adaptation. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that underlie polyploidy-induced novelty remain poorly understood. Ploidy-induced phenotypes might also include some undesired effects that need to be considered. In the case of grafted or composite crops, benefits can be provided both by the rootstock's adaptation to the soil conditions and by the scion's excellent yield and quality. Thus, grafted crops provide an extraordinary opportunity to exploit artificial polyploidy, as the effects can be independently applied and explored at the root and/or scion level, increasing the chances of finding successful combinations. The use of synthetic tetraploid (4x) rootstocks may enhance adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses in perennial crops such as apple or citrus. However, their use in commercial production is still very limited. Here, we will review the current and prospective use of artificial polyploidy for rootstock and scion improvement and the implications of their combination. The aim is to provide insight into the methods used to generate and select artificial polyploids and their limitations, the effects of polyploidy on crop phenotype (anatomy, function, quality, yield, and adaptation to stresses) and their potential agronomic relevance as scions or rootstocks in the context of climate change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Polyploidy in Grafted Crops

et al. 2020

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“…The adaptation strategies were grouped into; 1: improved variety, 2: use of minimum tillage, 3: change in planting dates, 4: mixed cropping and 5: use of conservation techniques. From the Table, improved variety is good adaptation strategy which involves the use of improved cassava stems for farming [19]. As can be seen in the table, improved variety had a total return of E356 and net benefits of E246 with the lowest internal rate of return of 9%.…”

Section: Cost-benefit Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Assessment of the Cost-Benefits of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies of Cassava-Based Farmers in Southern Nigeria

Ukoha

2020

IJECC

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The study examined the assessment of the cost-benefits of climate change adaptation strategies of cassava-based farmers in Southern Nigeria. About 300 cassava-based farmers were selected using simple random sampling. Primary data were obtained through administration of questionnaire, interview schedule and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, Net Return model and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). The findings of this study revealed that more than 55% of the cassava crop farmers indicated depletion of the ozone layer as the most cause of climate change in the area. The net returns of the cassava production were estimated at ₦215,240.86 ($614.97) and the gross marginal returns of ₦220,078.86 ($628.80) respectively. This indicates that cassava production using the adaptation strategies is profitable. Conservational agriculture recorded the highest internal rate of return of 68% over other adaptation strategies with Net Present Value of E399.53. The factor analysis revealed the major constraints in using climate change adaptation strategies as high cost of labor, inadequate information on climate change issues, high cost and scarcity of inputs, insecurity, poor extension services and low response from government among others. Farmers should be encouraged to practice conservation techniques as the cost-effective and efficient climate change adaptation strategies in the study area. Government support in bridging the gap between climate change and crop farmers’ adaptation strategies and farm inputs provisions at a subsidized rate were recommended.

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“…One of the world's important issues is climate change and food security problems (Misra 2014;Islam andWong, 2017, Zwane, 2019). Global climate change affects all human life aspects, including the agricultural sector (Ali et al 2017;Thornton et al 2018;Raza et al 2019). The seasonal food crop is the most vulnerable affected by climate change, especially El-Niño and La-Nina (Mutolib et al 2017;Sintayehu 2018;Eitzinger 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of climate change on the household food security of upland rice farmers in Sidomulyo, Lampung Province, Indonesia

Murniati

Mutolib

2020

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Murniati K, Mutolib A. 2020. The impact of climate change on the household food security of upland rice farmers in Sidomulyo, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3487-3493. Climate change in the agricultural sector, particularly food crops, significantly decreases the production, causing the anomaly influences of El-Niño (drought) and La-Nina (flood). Climate change will have an impact on food availability and accessibility, thereby disrupting the food security and vulnerability of farmer households. This study aimed to: analyze the livelihood vulnerabilities, determine the food security level, and assess the livelihood vulnerability on the food security of upland rice farmer households against climate change. This study was conducted in Sidomulyo Sub-district, South Lampung District. The samples were randomly selected among farmers, resulting in 66 selected farmers. The analysis included: the livelihood vulnerability index– intergovernmental panel of climate change (LVI-IPCC), food security index based on the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, and the Ordinal Model Logit (Ologit). The results showed that the upland rice farmer’s household had a livelihood vulnerability of 0.071, belonged to the medium category. Most farmer households (77.27%) were categorized as food secure. The “secure” category in the food security index is obtained if the upland rice farmers fulfill three criteria includes food availability, food stability, and food sustainability. The strategy of climate change adaptation, rice price, and phonska fertilizer price affects the food security of farmers’ households. Climate change adaptation strategies are indispensable for sustainable food security.

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Agriculture in a changing climate: Keeping our cool in the face of the hothouse

Cited by 54 publications

References 38 publications

Synthetic Polyploidy in Grafted Crops

Synthetic Polyploidy in Grafted Crops

Assessment of the Cost-Benefits of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies of Cassava-Based Farmers in Southern Nigeria

The impact of climate change on the household food security of upland rice farmers in Sidomulyo, Lampung Province, Indonesia

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