Agricultura sostenible en ecosistemas de alta montaña

O., Diana Marcela Ruiz; Martínez, Juan Pablo; Casas, Apolinar Figueroa

doi:10.18684/bsaa(13)129-138

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In this sense, the agricultural techniques determine the crop production and the fertilizer use which cause changes in the physicochemical water quality and modification of the EAM community. The social organization and the agricultural techniques affect the forest conservation and this with the replacement of native vegetation to production areas, influence the local climate variability and the runoff, soil erosion and nutrient loss (Ruiz et al 2015).…”

Section: Human Activities Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Productive Activities on the Water Quality for Human Consumption in an Andean Basin, a Case Study

Ruiz

Idrobo

Sarmiento

et al. 2017

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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Productive activities such as agriculture and livestock have transformed the Andean basins in South America. In accordance with this statement, the objective of this study was to assess the water quality of "Las Piedras" river located in an Andean basin with 6626 ha in Colombian Highlands. This study analyzed nutrient inputs from agricultural production, spatial crops distribution, human activities and their influence on the ecological state of the river. The evaluation integrated physicochemical and biological parameters in the indexes of water quality, pollution and the aquatic macroinvertebrates community. Results showed that aggregated crop fields occupy 25.2 % in the basin and the biological water quality through the Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) index denotes the presence of tolerant-pollution organisms, additionally the biodiversity was low (Shannon H´1.1). The water quality in the river satisfies the Colombian regulation criteria for human consumption, even higher concentrations of nutrients in the lower area with 2.20 mg/L nitrates and 1.49 mg/L of phosphates, besides the loss of nutrients by runoff, which was 2.57 mg/L nitrates in the middle area and 0.18 mg/L phosphates in the upper area. In this sense, the nutrient concentration input increases toward the lower area of the basin because of the crop distribution. The agricultural land use modified the hydrological ecosystem services by decreasing the basin water regulatory capacity and nutrients input to the main stream.Palabras clave: contaminación hídrica, agricultura, distribución espacial de los cultivos, biodiversidad, agua potable RESUMENLas actividades productivas como la agricultura y la ganadería han transformado las cuencas andinas de América del Sur. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la calidad del agua en la cuenca del río Las Piedras (6626 ha), localizada en la alta montaña colombiana. Se analizaron los aportes de nutrientes a partir de la producción agrícola, distribución espacial de cultivos, actividades humanas y su influencia en el estado ecológico del río. La evaluación integró los parámetros físicos, químicos y biológicos en índices de calidad del agua, de contaminación y de macroinvertebrados acuáticos. Los resultados mostraron que los cultivos ocupan el 25.2 % de la cuenca, la calidad biológica del agua según el 362índice del Grupo de Trabajo de Monitoreo Biológico (BMWP, por sus siglas en inglés) evidenció la presencia de organismos tolerantes a la contaminación y baja biodiversidad (Shannon H' 1.1). La calidad del agua es apta para consumo humano según los estándares establecidos por la normatividad Colombiana. Sin embargo, se encontraron altas concentraciones de nutrientes en la zona baja del río con 2.20 mg/L de nitratos y 1.49 mg/L de fosfatos, adicionalmente los aportes de nutrientes en escorrentía superficial fueron de 2.57 mg/L de nitratos en la zona media y 0.18 mg/L de fosfatos en la zona alta. En este sentido, se observó que el ingreso de nutrientes aumenta hacia la zona baja de la cuenca deb...

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Section: Human Activities Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Productive Activities on the Water Quality for Human Consumption in an Andean Basin, a Case Study

Ruiz

Idrobo

Sarmiento

et al. 2017

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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“…In these areas emigrations are frequent when resources for security and safety of the place decrease [31]. These incomers carry out agricultural activities (livestock and potato crops) [6,20,42] which allows them to generate food for their own consumption, contributing to their independence and food security [44,46,48], and to their nutrition and as a consequence, improving the reproduction rates of the population in a local scale (R2 and R3) [43,46]. On the other hand, the income generated by the sale of the surplus (milk, meat, potatoes) (R4 and R5), is highly important for the economy of the communities, and could contribute to the permanence of its inhabitants [46,47,49].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Available information usually refers to specific areas and locations and statistics are made at a local level to estimate population, cultivated land and crops, livestock species, and production systems [2]. From an environmental and ecological point of view the Páramo landscapes of the study area provide ecosystem services mainly related to biodiversity [15,24], collection and water supply [9,12] and among the anthropic activities typical of these Colombian ecosystems, the dual purpose cattle ranching [6,20], while ecotourism is also affirmed [14,25] (Figure 3). Economic activities of local products are mainly oriented towards local markets, to emergent markets in periods of increasing population and to city markets.…”

Section: Area Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, after the XVI century, an increase in livestock grazing and agricultural activities such as cereal and vegetable cultivation was observed [19]. Under anthropic pressures on land use, these ecosystems have been transformed into agroecosystems where activities such as agriculture, livestock, mining, extraction of natural resources, and tourism are carried out [3,15,20]. The anthropic activities on Páramos are nowadays mainly based on the economic interest of exploiting resources to increase incomes of families and neighborhoods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Feedbacks of Colombian Paramos Involving Livestock, Agricultural Activities, and Sustainable Development Goals of the Agenda 2030

Gaona

Guerrero

Patiño

et al. 2019

Systems

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Colombian mountain Páramos are considered natural areas with a very important role for human life. Páramos provide, both in mountain and lowland areas, a multitude of ecosystem services which start from vegetation to soil sustainability. The sustainability of Páramos is however impaired by several anthropogenic activities, including agricultural and livestock practices. A system thinking approach was applied in this work to improve the systemic understanding of factors affecting sustainability and resilience of Páramos agro-ecosystems. Interdisciplinary literature evidences were summarized and conceptually analyzed in order to develop causal loop diagrams of Páramo system structures allowing describing the main feedback loops involving (involved in/connecting) the Páramo ecosystem and driving its sustainability. From the causal diagram analysis few insights to maintain the human presence in Páramos arose. The system analysis highlights that human presence in Páramos should be stimulated, avoiding agriculture and livestock activities as the main income source. Particularly, social interactions, education on the Páramos environmental and relevance of agricultural practices to foster ecosystem services and multiple rentable economic activities should be enhanced. The study also includes the role of the government in providing the Páramo inhabitants with payments for ecosystem services and environmental education aimed to boost sustainability. Sustainable Páramo management will apply specific leverages on the system to reach Sustainable Development Goals 6 (water), 8 (economic growth, employment and work), 13 (climate change), and 15 (sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems) of the Agenda 2030.

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“…Los factores ambientales que controlan la erosión del suelo incluyen el tipo de roca, suelo, clima, topografía, vegetación y las actividades humanas (Sepuru & Dube, 2018). Las tasas de erosión del suelo varían ampliamente entre países y están influenciadas principalmente por la pendiente del suelo, las precipitaciones anuales y el enfoque de análisis (escala, métodos y periodos de estudio) (Ruiz et al, 2015;Sepuru & Dube, 2018).…”

Section: ¿Cómo Calcular Las Tasas De Erosión?unclassified

Prevención de la erosión y conservación de la fertilidad del suelo

Gómez¹,

Berdugo²,

Salomón³

et al. 2019

Servicios Ecosistémicos: Un Enfoque Introductorio Con Experiencias Del Occidente Colombiano

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Las funciones del suelo dependen de una serie de propiedades físicas químicas y biológicas, que combinadas determinan las cualidades esenciales del suelo. Estas cualidades a su vez garantizan que el suelo pueda cumplir sus roles ecológicos y productivos, y en consecuencia beneficiar la preservación de la vida en el planeta (Brammer & Nachtergaele, 2015); por lo tanto, el uso y manejo sustentable del suelo permite convivir en conexión con sus atributos y disfrutar de forma armónica de sus vitales servicios. Contrario a lo deseable, el suelo ha sufrido una alteración antrópica desmedida sin considerar las consecuencias. Estudios a nivel global han identificado que los cambios en el uso de la tierra durante los últimos 50 años por áreas para la agricultura y la ganadería, han generado alteraciones en la abundancia, composición y actividad de las comunidades microbianas, afectando la disponibilidad de nutrientes del suelo y la productividad de las plantas, además de deteriorar el ambiente y disminuir la calidad de vida de las personas (Soka & Ritchie, 2014; Ruiz et al., 2015). De acuerdo a Bringezu & colaboradores

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Agricultura sostenible en ecosistemas de alta montaña

Abstract: RESUMEN La agricultura como principal actividad del desarrollo económico rural en

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of Productive Activities on the Water Quality for Human Consumption in an Andean Basin, a Case Study

Effects of Productive Activities on the Water Quality for Human Consumption in an Andean Basin, a Case Study

Sustainable Feedbacks of Colombian Paramos Involving Livestock, Agricultural Activities, and Sustainable Development Goals of the Agenda 2030

Prevención de la erosión y conservación de la fertilidad del suelo

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