Agreement in Tree Marking: What Is the Uncertainty of Human Tree Selection in Selective Forest Management?

Vítková, Lucie; Dhubháin, Áiné Ní; Pommerening, Arne

doi:10.5849/forsci.15-133

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The NG ratio indicates a thinning or selective logging from below if mostly suppressed trees were removed (NG values > 1), or from above if the dominant trees were removed (NG values < 1). NG values equal to one indicate that the number of removed stems was proportional to the removed basal area [45,48]:…”

Section: Non-spatial Analysis Of the Harvest Events In 1998mentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Selective Logging Intensity is Most Suitable for the Maintenance of Soil Properties and the Promotion of Natural Regeneration in Highly Continental Scots Pine Forests?–Results 19 Years after Harvest Operations in Mongolia

Sukhbaatar

Nachin

Purevragchaa

et al. 2019

Forests

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Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests are one of the main vegetation types in the Asian forest-steppe zone. However, over-harvesting currently threatens the natural regeneration and sustainability of these forests. In this study, we examine the long-term effects of different logging intensities on soil properties and natural regeneration in a natural Scots pine forest in the West Khentii Mountains (Mongolia), 19 years after selective logging. Our experimental design included five treatments: clear cut (CC), treatments with high (HI), medium (MI), low (LI) intensities, and a reference parcel with no logging impact at all (RE). We described and quantified the harvest events and applied ANOVA and LMM modeling to analyze and explain the long-term impacts of the logging intensities on soil properties and natural regeneration. We found that logging has a significant negative influence on the physical and chemical properties of the soil because it increases soil compaction and reduces soil nutrients. The most critical impacts of logging were on soil bulk density, total porosity, organic matter, and total nitrogen and phosphorus. The LMM modeling showed that organic matter (OgM), total nitrogen (TN), available K (AK) and pH values are especially impacted by logging. Our study revealed that the values for all of these variables show a linear decrease with increasing selective logging intensity and have a level of significance of p < 0.05. Another finding of this study is that selective logging with low and medium intensities can promote natural regeneration of Scots pine to numbers above those of the reference site (RE). High intensity logging and clear-cuts, however, limit the regeneration of Scots pine, reduce overall seedling numbers (p < 0.05), and create conditions that are suitable only for the regeneration of deciduous tree species. This underlines the risk of Scots pine forest degradation, either by replacement by broad-leaf trees or by conversion into non-forest ecosystems.

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Section: Non-spatial Analysis Of the Harvest Events In 1998mentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Selective Logging Intensity is Most Suitable for the Maintenance of Soil Properties and the Promotion of Natural Regeneration in Highly Continental Scots Pine Forests?–Results 19 Years after Harvest Operations in Mongolia

Sukhbaatar

Nachin

Purevragchaa

et al. 2019

Forests

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“…Now, the decision which tree to harvest is performed manually by a technician. Even though the results depending on the technician differ, the process is very time consuming and expensive [17] we consider this process as necessary. Furthermore, the technician can collect all the data of the outgoing stock, since he is standing right in front of the treeswith innovative measurement tools.…”

Section: Biomass Measurement In Forestrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The perspective of optical measurement methods in forestry

Lummitsch

Findeisen

Haas

et al. 2019

Photonics and Education in Measurement Science 2019

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Forestry in Germany and all over the world is undergoing a big change based on the digitalization. A combination of recent advances in measurement technology offers strong possibilities to use optical measurement systems as an addition to the conventional forestry machinery. Cameras, lasers, and sensors extend the accuracy of how we collect bio data, e.g. diameters, distances, heights, the total amount of wood volume, timber etc. Detailed data of the plant structure as well as calamities are the basis to get a better overview and improve the downstream process chain. Forestry is an economical field working with natural products, especially wood. Therefore, foresters need to determine the exact amount of the regrowing products. The certification systems like PEFC (Program for the Endorsement of Forest Certification Schemes) and FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) rely on precise data of wood volume, which has been harvested. Hence, nature product producer need more techniques and optical measurement systems, which are adapted to this very rough field of application. The cameras will be exposed to rain, fog, heat, cold, ice, mud, earth, dirt, stones, vibrations, and more effects in the outdoor use. This paper examines some of the recent projects and joint-ventures between forestry and photo-optical measurements and describes how they can be used to bridge the gap between two disciplines, addressing areas of both sides. We need to exchange our knowledge to find new ways of applying optical systems in Forestry.

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“…Nonetheless, it is increasingly recognized that it is very difficult and unlikely to have all forestry professionals agree on which trees to harvest when applying a partial cut. This holds true even when they have a common description of the characteristics of the trees that surround them and pursue the same outcome (Spinelli et al 2016, Vítková et al 2016. Tree selection happens to be one of the most complex tasks in forestry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such plots are found under various names and appellations, ranging from "permanent plots", "training plots", "tree marking training plots", "martelodromes", to variants of the word "marteloscope" ("martelloscope", "martéloscope", "M-scopes"). It is only recently that the term has started to appear in peerreviewed scientific literature (e.g., Bruciamacchie et al 2005, Burrus and Mourey 2011, Spinelli et al 2016, Vítková et al 2016.…”

Section: Origins and Proliferation Of Marteloscopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, expertise (experience and training) in selecting trees according to a given set of rules in a certain type of forest seems to be a driver of consistency in outcomes (Vítková et al 2016). Practice in eastern Canada suggests that experienced loggers and harvester operators, selecting trees as part of their job, can do just as good a job as certified tree markers in their context (Girard 2008a(Girard , 2008b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing the effectiveness of knowledge transfer activities and training of the forestry workforce with marteloscopes

Soucy

Guy

Spinelli

et al. 2016

The Forestry Chronicle

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Sample plots of various sizes and forms are put in place to describe and monitor trees, stands or forest characteristics. The intent is usually to provide the basis for measuring and understanding the forest. Marteloscopes, by contrast, are large plots designed for tree marking simulations, set up with human beings as the main focus: they are used for knowledge transfer activities, training of various categories of forestry workers, and even for the study of human tree selection behaviors. This distinctive type of permanent plot is relatively new and unfamiliar to North America's forestry professionals. In this paper, we provide a working definition of marteloscopes and demonstrate how they can significantly improve knowledge exchange and learning experiences, notably for complex decisions on partial cutting treatments. Potential uses of marteloscopes, their benefits as well as some of the challenges they bring are discussed in the presentation of selected examples from Canada, the United States and Italy. These examples cover uses by research agencies, universities and nonprofit organizations. Finally, we discuss ongoing developments for marteloscopes, the standardization of protocols and the potential benefits of linking marteloscopes into an international network, as more of them are put in place in diverse and unique forest settings.Keywords: permanent plots; tree marking; human behavior; tree classification; tree selection; selection harvest; partial harvest; selection cutting RÉSUMÉ En général, on établit des parcelles échantillons de tailles et de formes différentes pour décrire et suivre les caractéristiques des arbres, des peuplements et des forêts. L' objectif est habituellement de fournir les éléments de base pour mesurer et comprendre la forêt. Les martelodromes, par contre, consistent en de grandes parcelles conçues pour des exercices de marquage d'arbre orientées sur le volet humain de l' exercice : ils servent aux activités de transfert technologique, de formation de diverses catégories de travailleurs forestiers et même pour étudier comment les humains font la sélection des arbres. Ce type particulier de parcelles permanentes est relativement nouveau et peu connu des forestiers professionnels en Amérique du Nord. Cet article donne une définition pratique des martelodromes et illustre comment ils peuvent réel-lement améliorer l' échange des connaissances et les expériences d'apprentissage, notamment pour les décisions complexes liées aux coupes partielles. Au moyen d' exemples provenant du Canada, des États-Unis et de l'Italie, l'article fait le tour des applications potentielles des martellodromes ainsi que des avantages et des défis qui s'y rattachent. Ces exemples illustrent des applications dans le domaine de la recherche, mais aussi pour les universités et les organisations sans but lucratif. Finalement, nous analysons des progrès en cours avec les martelodromes, la standardisation des protocoles et les avantages qu'il y aurait à intégrer les martelodromes en un réseau international, ...

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Agreement in Tree Marking: What Is the Uncertainty of Human Tree Selection in Selective Forest Management?

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Which Selective Logging Intensity is Most Suitable for the Maintenance of Soil Properties and the Promotion of Natural Regeneration in Highly Continental Scots Pine Forests?–Results 19 Years after Harvest Operations in Mongolia

Which Selective Logging Intensity is Most Suitable for the Maintenance of Soil Properties and the Promotion of Natural Regeneration in Highly Continental Scots Pine Forests?–Results 19 Years after Harvest Operations in Mongolia

The perspective of optical measurement methods in forestry

Increasing the effectiveness of knowledge transfer activities and training of the forestry workforce with marteloscopes

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