Agoraphobia, the panic attack and the hyperventilation syndrome

Ley, Ronald

doi:10.1016/0005-7967(85)90145-7

Cited by 144 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…During voluntary hyperventilation, patients with panic disorder often recognize some of the symptoms felt during a panic attack (16)(17)(18). For this reason hypocapnia may be an important factor in the anxiety that occurs during a panic attack and hyperventilation (4,11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperventilation in panic disorder patients and healthy first-degree relatives

Nardi

Valença

Nascimento

et al. 2000

Braz J Med Biol Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our aim was to observe the induction of panic attacks by a hyperventilation challenge test in panic disorder patients (DSM-IV) and their healthy first-degree relatives. We randomly selected 25 panic disorder patients, 31 healthy first-degree relatives of probands with panic disorder and 26 normal volunteers with no family history of panic disorder. All patients had no psychotropic drugs for at least one week. They were induced to hyperventilate (30 breaths/min) for 4 min and anxiety scales were applied before and after the test. A total of 44.0% (N = 11) panic disorder patients, 16.1% (N = 5) of first-degree relatives and 11.5% (N = 3) of control subjects had a panic attack after hyperventilating (c² = 8.93, d.f. = 2, P = 0.011). In this challenge test the panic disorder patients were more sensitive to hyperventilation than first-degree relatives and normal volunteers. Although the hyperventilation test has a low sensitivity, our data suggest that there is no association between a family history of panic disorder and hyperreactivity to an acute hyperventilation challenge test. Perhaps cognitive variables should be considered to play a specific role in this association since symptoms of a panic attack and acute hyperventilation overlap. Correspondence

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperventilation in panic disorder patients and healthy first-degree relatives

Nardi

Valença

Nascimento

et al. 2000

Braz J Med Biol Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Theoretical assumptions (Klein, 1993, Ley, 1985 and empirical evidence (Gorman et al, 1988;Gorman et al, 1994;Schwartz et al, 1996;Hegel and Ferguson, 1997;Papp et al, 1997;Abelson et al, 2001;Martinez et al, 2001;Wilhelm et al, 2001a,b,c;Caldirola et al, 2004;Blechert et al, 2007) point to trait-like persistent respiratory abnormalities in panic disorder. However, most research on panic disorder (PD) has been performed in the laboratory where PD patients are likely to be anxious and to breathe anxiously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Physical activity and respiratory behavior in daily life of patients with panic disorder and healthy controls

Pfaltz¹,

Grossman²,

Michael³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Psychophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The author has granted an irrevocable nonexclusive licence allowing the National Library of Canada dysfunction operaLes to produce episodes of panic (e.g., K1eln, 1980, 1981Carr & Sheehan , 1984 (Grant & Red¡¡ond,19g1 do not effectively block panic artacks (Klein, 1984 (e.g,, alprazolam, diazepam) can be effective in the treatment of panic (Shader, Goodnan, & Gever, 1982; (Hibbert, 7984;Ley, 1985) Appendix A outlines the request for participation that vas circulated Èo potential patients, Eighteen paLients (13 fenales, 5 males) ín total r,,ere tested. All patients were dlagnosed by a qualified clinician and net t.he DSI'l-III-R criterÍa for panic disorder.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%