Aging of silicone rubber-based composite insulators under multi-stressed conditions: an overview

Akbar, M.S.; Ullah, Rahmat; Alam, Shahid

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ab3f0d

Cited by 62 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Partial discharge analysis and flashover voltage tests were also carried out on polymeric insulators under clean and salt fog environments to analyse the failure mechanism with environmental stresses and were reported in literature [5]. Multi-stress ageing effects of different types of polymeric insulators [6][7][8][9], ageing effects of HTV silicone rubber/silica hybrid composites for high-voltage insulation [10], accelerated aging effects of silicone rubber insulators and silicone rubber-coated insulators [11,12], ageing of polymeric insulators under acid rain conditions [13] and arid climatic conditions [14] have also been reported in recent literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Surface Degradation of Aged High Temperature Vulcanized (HTV) Silicone Rubber Insulators

Shaik

Vijayarekha

2019

Energies

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Polymeric composite insulators are subjected to varying work conditions like rain and heat, which create an impact on degradation during their long service period. Electrical tracking under the Alternating Current (AC) field plays a predominant role in surface degradation, which can be different for fresh and aged insulations. The tracking studies on the fresh and aged polymeric insulation therefore become significant. Motivated by this, an indigenous low-cost electrical tracking setup was developed, and the tracking studies were carried out as per International Electro technical Commission standard (IEC) 60587 on fresh, thermal-aged and water-aged silicone rubber samples. Contact angles of samples were measured to analyse the effect of ageing on hydrophobicity. Further, to analyse the influence of ageing on insulation integrity, tracking tests were conducted and parameters like leakage current pattern and magnitudes, tracking length and loss of weight in the material due to tracking were examined. The physicochemical impacts of ageing on the surface degradation of the samples were also analysed using X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis. The investigations added insight into the degradation mechanism of polymeric insulators in terms of their electrical performance and physicochemical changes in the material. Comparison of these changes showed that ageing could influence surface degradation of samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Surface Degradation of Aged High Temperature Vulcanized (HTV) Silicone Rubber Insulators

Shaik

Vijayarekha

2019

Energies

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“…Hydrophobicity property resists the formation of a continuous layer on SiR surface in wetting conditions, this property is highly required in case of moderate to heavy pollution [3,31,32]. Hydrophobicity reduces the formation of water layers on the surface of the insulator which reduces leakage current and development of dry bands [3]. However, in harsh conditions, SiR may lose its hydrophobicity properties [3].…”

Section: Dielectric Loss Impact On Sirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In OTL, the electrical energy is transformed at lower current values and extra-high voltage (HV) levels to reduce the copper losses (I2R) [2]. HV line insulators play an important role by electrically isolating the three phases and ground from one another while, providing mechanical support to current carrying conductors [3]. However, insulators on HV OTL are exposed to multiple stresses, detail is provided in [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A subtype of polymer insulators; silicon rubber (SiR) are widely used insulators due to their excellent dielectric properties; resisting freely movement of internal electric charges (resistivity > 1012 Ω), blocking current conduction under the influence of an electric field, lightweight, hydrophobic nature, high contact angle of water droplets, transfer of hydrophobicity, and prone to pollution; hence replacing ceramics in HV OTLs. [3,8,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Details are available at [3,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SiR organic in nature, have weaker bonds and when exposed to OSs loses its desired properties with an impact to its lifetime [3]. OSs can deteriorate the chemical, physical, and electrical properties of SiR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of load-shedding and night on SiR insulator environmental aging under AC test voltages

et al. 2021

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Insulators play a critical role in healthy transmission under the influence of operational stresses (OSs). OSs include environmental stresses (ultraviolet-radiations, seasonal heat and humidity variations, and pollution (inert and active), etc.) and electrical stresses (electric field distribution, corona, etc.). OSs can deteriorate insulators, jeopardizing the healthy transmission. In this experimental study, four silicon rubber (SiR) insulators with different concentrations of micro and nano-silica fillers are tested in a specially designed and fabricated compact environmental chamber for 1920 h under OSs, un-scheduled load shedding, and night factors for more realistic field insulators deterioration characteristics. Insulators' potential distribution, electrical field distribution, hydrophobicity, and leakage current characteristics are considered. Experimental results reveal OSs affected insulators' leakage current profile due to hydrophobicity loss and electric field distribution variations. Moreover, SiR insulators under OSs regained insulation characteristics due to heavier inner molecule replacement to the dissipated and degraded outer lower weight insulating molecules. This property provides a reusability opportunity for SiR insulators in power system networks, unlike traditional insulators.

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Phenyl effect on properties evolution of silicone networks under isothermal and dynamic high temperature aging

Banet

Chikh

Fouet

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polysiloxane networks with or without phenyl groups have been subjected to isothermal, thermal sweep and cycling thermal treatments to investigate the phenyl effect on evolution of their properties during thermal aging. Polydimethyldiphenylsiloxanes (PDMDPS) containing between 5 and 30 mol% phenyl groups were more stable than polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) under isothermal aging, and no effect of the phenyl content was noted. Hence, only PDMS and PDMDPS with 5 mol% phenyl groups were then retained for the monitoring of their weight loss, tensile stress, elongation at break and Young's modulus during isothermal treatments between 150 and 300 C. Weight losses as well as the cracks appearance time during cycling aging were recorded simultaneously. The activation energies under the different aging conditions were determined, and found equal to 175 kJ/mol from the weight loss (characteristic of the depolymerization reaction) and 145-165 kJ/mol from the mechanical properties (characteristic of the post-cross-linking reaction) for PDMDPS, and 110 kJ/mol and 125-145 kJ/ mol for PDMS, respectively. These activation energies confirm that silicone containing phenyl moieties are thermally more stable than those without. Finally, all these results empirically allow connecting weight loss and changes in mechanical properties to the appearance of cracks during thermal cycle aging.

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Aging of silicone rubber-based composite insulators under multi-stressed conditions: an overview

Cited by 62 publications

References 136 publications

Investigation of Surface Degradation of Aged High Temperature Vulcanized (HTV) Silicone Rubber Insulators

Investigation of Surface Degradation of Aged High Temperature Vulcanized (HTV) Silicone Rubber Insulators

Influence of load-shedding and night on SiR insulator environmental aging under AC test voltages

Phenyl effect on properties evolution of silicone networks under isothermal and dynamic high temperature aging

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