Aggression as a trait: the Dark Tetrad alternative

Paulhus, Delroy L.; Curtis, Shelby R.; Jones, Daniel N.

doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.04.007

Cited by 92 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It could be assumed that the "core" of aggressiveness is captured by the HEXACO model, specifically by the Agreeableness, but that there are some unique manifestations of aggressiveness which depend on another construct beyond basic personality traits. This construct could be a constellation of "dark" or malevolent personality traits, namely Dark Tetrad, as some authors suggested (Paulhus, Curtis, & Jones, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggressiveness in the HEXACO personality model

2018

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The a im of this research was to examine the relations between the HEXACO facets and aggressiveness components (anger, vengefulness, domination, hostility, reactive aggression, proactive aggression, and indirect aggression). On a sample of 654 participants from general population, HEXACO-60, Aggressiveness Questionnaire AVDH, Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ), and Indirect Aggression Scale (IAS) were applied. The results of the community structure network analysis provided the most informative insight into these relations and showed that all aggressiveness components formed a single community with the Agreeableness facets. Thereby, facet Patience was the strongest correlate of anger, and hostility had the highest clustering coefficient, which brings together the Agreeableness facets and aggressiveness components. Although Honesty-Humility formed a separate community, some of its facets had strong isolated connections with indirect aggression and dominance. The results revealed that Agreeableness is a dominant correlate of aggressiveness and captures all aggressiveness components, while Honesty-Humility is related to specific components, referring to a manifestation of aggressiveness in a more subtle and indirect way.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggressiveness in the HEXACO personality model

2018

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“…However, a number of findings challenge this mechanistic account, both by focusing on the interplay between attention and motivation processes, and by considering the efficacy of empathy interventions. First, evidence has been accumulating that malevolent motivations focus attentional resources towards social cues (Paulhus, Curtis & Jones, 2018), like physical cues indicating past victimization (Book, Costello, Camilleri, 2013;Denardo-Roney, Falkenbach, & Aveson, 2018;Ritchie, Blais, Forth & Book, 2018;Wheeler, Book & Costello, 2009), personal descriptions of oneself as vulnerable (Wilson, Demetrioff, & Porter, 2008) and verbal cues of dominance (Book, Quinsey, & Langford, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Links between adolescent bullying and neural activation to viewing social exclusion

Perino

Moreira

Telzer

2019

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Neuroscientists studying bullying have primarily focused on the psychopathology of diagnosable offenders or the resulting symptomatology of victimization, with less attention paid to theories suggesting bullying may be an interpersonal strategy. In an exploratory study, we recruited a sample of adolescents (N=24) engaging in high rates of delinquent behavior and collected self-report ratings of bullying behaviors. During an fMRI scan, adolescents observed instances of social exclusion and social inclusion. Adolescents' self-reported bullying was associated with greater ventral striatum, amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and insula activation when viewing social exclusion > social inclusion. Activation in these regions is commonly associated with reward-learning, salience monitoring, and motivational processes, suggesting that bullies show altered processing of interpersonal cues and social dynamic experiences in their environment. Our findings highlight the need for developmental neuroscientists to further explore the role of social motivation in processing socio-affective information, with a particular focus on goal-directed antisocial behavior.

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“…Coefficient alpha assumes rather than tests unidimensionality and can yield spuriously high reliability estimates in the presence of multidimensionality (Cortina, 1993). A second possibility is that researchers often label prosocial and antisocial behaviors according to their outcome, rather than to their underlying motivational causes (Batson, 2011;Lilienfeld, 2018;Paulhus, Curtis, & Jones, 2018). Because SRA items describe behaviors that all have the same outcome-viz., the improved welfare of the beneficiary-researchers might have falsely assumed that the items share a common cause.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altruism and Malevolence: Opposite Ends of a Single Dimension

McAuliffe¹,

McCullough²,

Lieberman³

2018

Preprint

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Although the possibility sounds paradoxical, several studies have found that positive and negative regard for others’ welfare are orthogonal and have unique personality correlates. We tested whether this result is an artefact of treating the oft-used self-report altruism scale (SRA) as unidimensional. In a pilot study of students and community-dwelling adults (N = 276, 190 women; Meanage = 21.67, SDage = 7.49), we factor analyzed the SRA. We confirmed its factor structure in a study of Mechanical Turk workers (N = 814; 410 women; Meanage = 36.6, SDage = 11.19). Using an S-1 bifactor model, we created a “gold standard” general altruism factor composed of idiographic, behavioral, and questionnaire measures. We used structural equation modeling to assess how the SRA and the gold standard measure relate to gender, sexual history, and malevolence. The SRA contained three factors across both studies. The factor that accounted for the most variance positively correlated with sadism and psychopathy, a history of uncommitted sex, and being male. The other two SRA factors and the gold standard measure generally evinced the opposite associations. In conclusion, regard for other’s welfare is likely a single dimension of personality with a unified nomological network.

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Aggression as a trait: the Dark Tetrad alternative

Cited by 92 publications

References 43 publications

Aggressiveness in the HEXACO personality model

Aggressiveness in the HEXACO personality model

Links between adolescent bullying and neural activation to viewing social exclusion

Altruism and Malevolence: Opposite Ends of a Single Dimension

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