Aggregation pheromone of coconut rhinoceros beetle,Oryctes rhinoceros (L.) (coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Abstract

Abstract-Male coconut rhinoceros beetles, Orycres rhinoceros (L.), produce three sex-specific compounds, ethyl 4-methyloctanoate, ethyl 4-methylheptanoate, and 4-methyloctanoic acid, the first of which is an aggregation pheromone. Synthesis of these compounds involving conjugate addition of organocuprates to ethyl acrylate is reported. In field trapping experiments, (4S)-ethyl 4-methyloctanoate and the racemic mixture were equally attractive and 10 times more effective in attracting beetles than ethyl chrysanthemumate, a previously recommended attractant. Ethyl 4-methylheptanoate was as attractive as ethyl chrysanthemumate and more attractive than 4-methyloctanoic acid, but further studies are required before it can be classed as an aggregation pherornone. Compared to ethyl 4-methyloctanoate alone, combinations of the three male-produced compounds did not increase attraction, whereas addition of freshly rotting oil palm fruit bunches to pheromone-baited traps sjgnificantly enhanced attraction. With increasing dose, captures of O. rhinocerós'increased, but doses of 6, 9, and 18 mg/day were competitive with 30 mg/day lures. Newly designed vane traps were more effective in capturing beetles than were barrier or pitfall traps. Results of this study indicate that there is potential for using ethyl 4-methyloctanoate in operational programs to control O. rhinoceros in oil palm plantations.

Agroecological practices in oil palm plantations: examples from the field

“…The aggregation pheromone, i.e. attracting both males and females, ethyl 4-methyloctanoate (E 4-MO), which is produced by O. rhinoceros males, leads to substantial captures of adults, both males and females (Hallett et al, 1995). A dose/response effect was found: the higher the dose, the larger the captures.…”

UJI EFEKTIVITAS BEBERAPA JENIS PERANGKAP TERHADAP KUMBANG TANDUK (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) (COLEOPTERA; SCARABAEIDAE)

“…Menurut Winarno (1992) (Hallett et al, 1995;Morin et al, 1996). Metode sintesis dari feromon agregasi O. rhinoceros L. telah dikembangkan (Bedford, 2014) (Widyanto et al, 2014).…”

“…Kondisi optimum suhu dan kelembaban untuk perkembangan dan aktivitas serangga adalah 25℃ dan kelembaban 70-89% (Jumar, 2000). (Hallett et al, 1995;Morin et al, 1996). Campuran (blend) dari feromon agregasi sintetik inilah yang diduga menyebabkan imago betina lebih banyak terperangkap, karena imago betina mengenali molekul-molekul dari feromon agregasi sintetik ini dan meresponsnya dengan mencari asal dari bau feromon tersebut.…”

The rhinoceros beetleCyphonistes tuberculifronsQuedenfeldt 1884 attracted by quinones (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae Dynastinae): primary olfactory attraction of a saprophagous beetle by its source of food?

“…A few other chrysanthemumates, geraniol, curlure (4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone acetate), siglure (1-methylpropyl trans-6-methyl-3-cyclohexane), 2,5-dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene, isopentyl and phenethyl butyrate, trans-2-hexenal, butyl and pentyl hexanoate were much less attractive in field experiments (BARBER et al 1971, VANDERMEER et al 1979). Pheromones of Oryctini are known only from the above-mentioned two species: a male aggregation pheromone, ethyl-4-methyloctanoate, and a further attractive substance, ethyl-4-methylheptanoate (GRIES et al 1994, HALLETT et al 1995, MORIN et al 1996, RENOU et al 1998. Recently, RENOU et al (1998) found olfactory receptor cells in the antennae of female 0. rhinoceros for ethyl-4-methyloctanoate, phenyl ethanol, phenol, phellandrene, isoamyl acetate, Z3-hexenol, and ethyl chrysanthemumate.…”