Agglutination of Naegleria fowleri by Human Serum

Reilly, Melissa; Bradley, Margaret K.; Bradley, S. G.

doi:10.3181/00379727-170-41420

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Indirect hemagglutination, ELISA, and indirect/direct immunofluorescence are other methods used for diagnosis. Although serology is not useful in diagnosis during the acute stage, as antibodies to Naegleria species have also been detected in a normal person [18, 19]. In brain CT of the patient with PAM, hydrocephalus, hemorrhagic edematous confluent foci, can increase intracranial pressure which might have been detected [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis in an Iranian Infant

Movahedi

Shokrollahi

Aghaali

et al. 2012

Case Reports in Medicine

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Introduction.Naegleria fowleri, a free living amoeba, can cause devastating and deadly diseases in humans. This is the first report of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis from Iran.Case report. A five-month-old male infant presented with the history of fever and eye gaze for three days, after beginning of bacterial meningitis, a plain and contrast CT revealed communicated hydrocephalus. In the repeat of CSF analysis on microscopic examination of wet preparation of CSF,Naegleria Fowleriwas seen. Then, Amphotericin B and Rifampin were started. On followup, two months later, the patient was totally asymptomatic.Conclusion. Though occurrence of PAM is rare, this unusual disease has grave prognosis, so infection with free living amoebas must be considered in differential diagnosis of pediatric patients of purulent meningitis without evidence of bacteria on Gram’s stain and imaging findings, nonspecific brain edema on CT or hydrocephalus even without history of contact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis in an Iranian Infant

Movahedi

Shokrollahi

Aghaali

et al. 2012

Case Reports in Medicine

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“…Serum samples from healthy individuals from the United States (Reilly et al, 1983a;, New Zealand (Cursons et al, 1977(Cursons et al, , 1980a, and the Czech Republic (Cerva, 1989) have been examined for antibodies to N. fowleri. Serum samples from healthy individuals from the United States (Reilly et al, 1983a;, New Zealand (Cursons et al, 1977(Cursons et al, , 1980a, and the Czech Republic (Cerva, 1989) have been examined for antibodies to N. fowleri.…”

Section: Humoral Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The immune response toNaegleria fowleriamebae and pathogenesis of infection

Marciano‐Cabral

Cabral

2007

FEMS Immunology &Amp; Medical Microbiology

145

155

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The deletion of CD4- and CD8-double-positive (DP) cells in the thymus after treatment with anti-CD3 antibodies has long been considered as a useful model for clonal deletion during T cell development, although it was reported that DP cell death was not observed in neonates where self-tolerance should be developing. We dealt with the cellular basis of this enigmatic phenomenon in this report. Due to the similar susceptibility to the antibody-treatment in vitro between neonatal and adult thymocytes, critical factors may be outside rather than within the thymus. Indeed, newborn thymus lobes transplanted into recipients of different ages showed an increased susceptibility to the thymo-toxicity as the age of the recipient increased. The thymo-toxicity seems to be based on the adrenal function of glucocorticoid (GC) synthesis, because administration of an inhibitor of GC synthesis significantly reduced the DP cell death by the antibody-treatment. Finally, adrenalectomy completely prevented DP cell death by anti-CD3 antibodies in adult mice. Therefore, the thymocyte death by anti-CD3 antibodies in vivo may not be due to the T cellreceptor mediated selection in the thymus.

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“…Because the major location of infection is the central nervous system and because PAME progresses rapidly, diagnosis in the early stages is difficult (10). Previous studies of the detection of antibodies in infections with pathogenic free-living amoebae have been performed using various methods such as agglutination tests, immunofluorescence tests, and an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot technique (5,6,15,20). Monoclonal antibodies to N. fowleri have been produced and used as probes for the identification of N. fowleri in brain sections of PAME patients and to distinguish pathogenic N. fowleri from other Naegleria species (16,21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunological Characterizations of a Cloned 13.1-Kilodalton Protein from Pathogenic Naegleria fowleri

Cho¹,

Jung²,

Park³

et al. 2003

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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We previously cloned an antigenic gene (named nfa1) from a cDNA library of Naegleria fowleri by immunoscreening. The nfa1 gene had a coding nucleotide sequence consisting of 357 bases and produced a recombinant 13.1-kDa protein (Nfa1). In this study, to get more information regarding the recombinant Nfa1 protein (rNfa1), we produced an anti-Nfa1 polyclonal antibody from mice immunized with rNfa1 and used a peroxidase staining method to carry out immunocytochemistry experiments. In addition, we observed the effect of the presence of an anti-Nfa1 antibody on the in vitro cytotoxicity of N. fowleri against Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Trophozoites of N. fowleri in cultivation reacted strongly with a peroxidase-labeled anti-Nfa1 antibody. In inflammatory and necrotic regions of brain tissue infected with N. fowleri, labeled trophozoites that were stained brown were also observed. When examined using a transmission electron microscope, the Nfa1 protein showed pseudopodium-specific immunolocalization on a trophozoite of N. fowleri. When examined using a light microscope, CHO cells grown in cocultures with N. fowleri trophozoites (group I) for 48 h showed morphologically severe destruction but CHO cells grown in cocultures with N. fowleri trophozoites and an anti-Nfa1 polyclonal antibody (group II) showed less destruction. The results of a lactate dehydrogenase release assay showed that group I CHO cells exhibited 81% cytotoxicity and group II CHO cells exhibited 13.8% cytotoxicity.

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Agglutination of Naegleria fowleri by Human Serum

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis in an Iranian Infant

Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis in an Iranian Infant

The immune response toNaegleria fowleriamebae and pathogenesis of infection

Immunological Characterizations of a Cloned 13.1-Kilodalton Protein from Pathogenic Naegleria fowleri

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