Agent Based Modeling and Simulation of Tsunami Triggered Mass Evacuation Considering Changes of Environment Due to Earthquake and Inundation

Abstract

An agent based model, which includes detailed model of the environment and agents with functionalities to interact with it, is developed for simulating large area evacuations. This model makes it possible to quantitatively estimate the effects of various important factors, like interaction with environment and neighbor agents in low lighting conditions, vehicle-pedestrian interaction in narrow roads, etc., which cannot be modeled with the existing models. The evacuation simulator is coupled with an integrated earthquake simulator to take the earthquake damages into account. To demonstrate the potential of the model, several scenarios, which require detailed modeling of the environment, are presented.

Tsunami Evacuation Model in the Panimbang Subdistrict, Banten Province, Indonesia: Gis- And Agent-Based Modeling

“…This approach was previously introduced by Mas et al (2012), where every individual (agent) is a part of a system modeled as an entity of autonomous decision-makers, and every agent obeys specific rules as their roles within the system (Pizarro et al, 2022). This method is often used and simulated in tsunami-impacted areas to determine any possibilities when a tsunami occurs (Jacob et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2022;Mas et al, 2012;Mostafizi et al, 2017;Usman et al, 2017;Wafda et al, 2013;Wang & Jia, 2021. Since agent-based modeling is well-known among scholars and could concisely simulate the evacuation routes of any conditions during tsunami run-up, we used this method for a case study in Panimbang Subdistrict with some modifications based on local environmental states.…”

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Fused Twins: A Review of Access to Digital Twins In Situ in Smart Cities

“…A DT [9] provides a platform on which cities can become really smart by shifting attention from data collection to data use. Here, a digital representation of the city allows for modelling and predicting its ever-changing state via simulations [10][11][12][13][14]. Unfortunately, until now, the virtual and Physical Environments of cities remain insufficiently interconnected [15].…”