Ageing Workforces, Ill‐health and Multi‐state Labour Market Transitions*

Harris, Mark N.; Zhao, Xueyan; Zucchelli, Eugenio

doi:10.1111/obes.12379

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…Surprisingly, our data show that those who plan to retire later are also more likely to be in worse health. This is unexpected considering that previous research indicates ill-health as a pathway to retirement (Harris, Zhhao and Zucchelli, 2021;OECD, 2006). Further investigation is needed to understand how this result interacts with other factors, as work arrangements are likely to exacerbate or ameliorate the effects of accumulated health disadvantages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Occupational social class differences in the impact of COVID-19 related employment disruptions on retirement planning amongst older workers in England

Rowson

Beck²,

Evans³

2022

QAOA

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of COVID-19 related employment disruption on individuals’ retirement planning and whether these experiences differ by occupational social class. Design/methodology/approach To explore these issues, this study linked data from those who were employed in wave 9 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) main study with wave 1 of the ELSA COVID-19 study (N = 1,797). Multinominal regression analyses were conducted to explore whether the interaction between employment disruption and occupational social class was associated with planning to retire earlier or later than previously planned. Findings The results show that stopping work because of COVID-19 is associated with planning to retire earlier. However, there were no statistically significant interactions between occupational social class and employment disruptions on whether respondents planned to retire earlier or later. Originality/value This paper’s original contribution is in showing that the pandemic has had an impact on retirement decisions. Given the known negative effects of both involuntary early labour market exit, the findings suggest that the COVID-19 related employment disruptions are likely to exacerbate social inequalities in health, well-being in later life and, consequently, can help anticipate where there will be need for additional support in later life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Occupational social class differences in the impact of COVID-19 related employment disruptions on retirement planning amongst older workers in England

Rowson

Beck²,

Evans³

2022

QAOA

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“…Based on longitudinal data, the rates or the probabilities of transitioning between states are estimated and used to calculate quantities such as the expected lifetime spent in a specific state. Applications of multistate models include transitions between labor force states (Harris, Zhao, and Zuccheli 2021; Hayward and Lichter 1998; Lorenti et al 2020), change of family status (Bonetti, Piccaretta, and Salford 2013; Schoen, Landale, and Daniels 2007; Studer, Struffolino, and Fasang 2018), poverty dynamics (Bernstein et al 2018; Hale, Dudel, and Lorenti 2021), and migration (Klabunde et al 2017; Raymer, Willekens, and Rogers 2019; Vega and Brazil 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How bad could it be? Worst-case bounds on bias in multistate models due to unobserved transitions

Dudel

Schneider

2021

Sociological Methods & Research

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Multistate models are often used in social research to analyze how individuals move between states. A typical application is the estimation of the lifetime spent in a certain state, like the lifetime spent in employment, or the lifetime spent in good health. Unfortunately, the estimation of such quantities is prone to several biases. In this paper, we study the bias due to the often implicitly used assumption that there are no unobserved transitions between states. This assumption does often not hold for the panel data typically used to estimate multistate models, as the states occupied by individuals are only known at specific points in time, and further transitions between panel waves are not recorded. We present partially identified estimates of the lifetime spent in a state, or worse-case bounds, which show the maximum possible level of bias due to unobserved transitions. We provide two examples studying the lifetime spent in disability (disabled life expectancy; DLE). The first example applies our methods to results on cohort trends in DLE in the U.S. taken from Crimmins et al. (2009). In the second example, we replicate findings from Mehta and Myrskylä (2017), and apply our methods to data from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in order to estimate the effects of health behaviors on DLE.

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“…See also studies on labor market transitions away from full-time work, toward retirement or self-employment(Harris et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2009;Zissimopoulos & Karoly, 2007).2 We are concerned with within household responses between partners. We use partners and spouses interchangeably, although we do not restrict analysis to married couples.3 Even for the unemployment related AWE, evidence on whether increases in labor supply happen or not, is mixed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 1 See also studies on labor market transitions away from full‐time work, toward retirement or self‐employment (Harris et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2009; Zissimopoulos & Karoly, 2007). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Labor supply and informal care responses to health shocks within couples: Evidence from the UK

et al. 2022

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Shocks to health have been shown to reduce labor supply for the individual affected. Less is known about household self‐insurance through a partner's response. Previous studies have presented inconclusive empirical evidence on the existence of a health‐related Added Worker Effect, and results limited to labor and income responses. We use UK longitudinal data to investigate within households both the labor supply and informal care responses of an individual to the event of an acute health shock to their partner. Relying on the unanticipated timing of shocks, we combine Coarsened Exact Matching and Entropy Balancing algorithms with parametric analysis and exploit lagged outcomes to remove bias from observed confounders and time‐invariant unobservables. We find no evidence of a health‐related Added Worker Effect but a significant and sizable Informal Carer Effect. This holds irrespective of spousal labor market position or household financial status and ability to purchase formal care provision, suggesting that partners' substitute informal care provision for time devoted to leisure activities.

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Ageing Workforces, Ill‐health and Multi‐state Labour Market Transitions*

Cited by 5 publications

References 65 publications

Occupational social class differences in the impact of COVID-19 related employment disruptions on retirement planning amongst older workers in England

Occupational social class differences in the impact of COVID-19 related employment disruptions on retirement planning amongst older workers in England

How bad could it be? Worst-case bounds on bias in multistate models due to unobserved transitions

Labor supply and informal care responses to health shocks within couples: Evidence from the UK

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