Age-related periodontitis and alveolar bone loss in rice rats

Abstract

Objective To characterize in rice rats: (a) periodontitis (PD) progress with feeding of standard laboratory rat chow (STD) during ages 4–80 weeks; and (b) PD progress with feeding of a high sucrose-casein (H-SC) diet during young adulthood. Methods One group (N = 12) was euthanized at age 4 weeks (Baseline). Four groups (N = 8–16) consumed a STD diet from baseline and were necropsied at ages 22, 30, 52, and 80 weeks. Three groups (N= 10–16) consumed an H-SC diet from baseline. Two were necropsied at ages 22 and 30 weeks, respectively. The third switched to the STD diet at age 22 weeks and was necropsied at age 30 weeks. All mandibles/maxillae were assessed by histometry for degree of periodontal inflammation (PD Score), alveolar crest height (ACH, mm), and horizontal alveolar bone height (hABH, mm2). Results In STD diet rats aged ≥30 weeks, all endpoints were worse (P < 0.05) than at Baseline. In H-SC diet rats aged ≥22 weeks, all endpoints were worse than at Baseline (P < 0.05). At age 22 weeks, all endpoints were worse in the H-SC group than in the STD group (P < 0.05). By age 30 weeks, the STD and H-SC groups did not differ. Conclusions 1) STD diet fed rice rats develop moderate/severe PD by age 30 weeks; 2) an H-SC diet accelerates moderate/severe PD development; and 3) switching to a STD diet does not halt/reverse PD that was accelerated by an H-SC diet. These data further clarify use of the rice rat as a PD model.

Antiperiodontitis Effects of Magnolia biondii Extract on Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in Rats

“…CEJ–ABC distance is used as parameter for measurement of periodontal breakdown [18]. Furcation involvement is known to be affected by the presence of periodontal diseases: a large value indicates more extensive alveolar bone loss [19]. In this study, we confirmed that ligation surrounding the teeth causes significant gingival tissue damage and alveolar bone loss, and it increase the CEJ–ABC distance and furcation involvement.…”

Zoledronate treatment duration is linked to bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw prevalence in rice rats with generalized periodontitis

“…The housing rooms were maintained at 20–26ºC with humidity of 30%–70% and a 12:12 hr light:dark cycle, or 14:10 hr cycle for breeders (Aguirre et al, ). Experimental animals ate pelleted, semi‐purified HSC diet (TestDiet 5SXA AIN‐93G w/no Complex Carbohydrates; Smelt Feed and Pet Supply, Tampa, FL, USA), which can be fed for up to 30 weeks without inducing significant metabolic abnormalities (Aguirre et al, ). This diet is based on the formula of the powdered Harvard high sucrose 700 diet and the ration 100 diet previously used to accelerate generalized PD in rice rats (Auskaps et al, ; Gotcher & Jee, ; Gupta & Shaw, ; Ryder, ).…”

“…The rat PD Score is the highest quadrant PD score for that animal. Alveolar bone height (ABH) was assessed in both maxillae and mandibles by measuring the distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the crest of the alveolar bone, as previously described (Figure d) (Aguirre, Akhter, Kimmel, Pingel, Williams et al, ; Aguirre et al, ). Measurements were made in one section from the lingual aspect of the M1M2 interdental space.…”

“…Rice rats ( Oryzomys palustris ) develop two distinctive types of PD that require no surgical or local mechanical intervention: (a) a generalized form , which affects both maxillae and mandibles, and is accelerated by a high sucrose‐casein diet (HSC) (Aguirre, Akhter, Kimmel, Pingel, Xia et al, ; Aguirre et al, ; Gotcher & Jee, ; Gupta & Shaw, ); and (b) a localized form (food impaction localized PD, FILP), which overwhelmingly affects the maxillary interdental space between molar (M) 2 and M3 and is found in rice rats fed standard rodent chow (STD) (Messer et al, ). Importantly, rice rats fed HSC diet do not develop FILP lesions.…”

Attenuated amiloride-sensitive current and augmented calcium-activated chloride current in marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) airways

“…Although we did not investigate non-airway epithelia, it is interesting to consider that ion transport properties of other epithelia, such as the gingival epithelia, might also be distinct and/or modified compared to other animals. If so, then perhaps those properties contribute to the well-described predilection of periodontitis in the rice rat (Aguirre et al, 2017;Gotcher and Jee, 1981a, b;Gupta and Shaw, 1956a, b).…”