Age-related performance of human subjects on saccadic eye movement tasks

Munoz, Douglas P.; Broughton, J. Richard; Goldring, Jenny E.; Armstrong, Irene T.

doi:10.1007/s002210050473

Cited by 547 publications

(567 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Agerelated deficits in inhibitory processing have been linked to impaired frontal lobe function (Chao & Knight, 1997). The present findings of increased viewing to an abrupt onset may reflect compromised frontal lobe function in the older adults (Munoz, Broughton, Goldring, & Armstrong, 1998;Nieuwenhuis, Ridderinkhof, de Jong, Kok, & van der Molen, 2000;Olincy et al, 1997).…”

Section: Age-related Impairments In Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Assessment of age-related changes in inhibition and binding using eye movement monitoring.

Ryan

Leung

Turk‐Browne

et al. 2007

Psychology and Aging

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Age-related memory deficits may result from attending to too much information (inhibition deficit) and/or storing too little information (binding deficit). The present study evaluated the inhibition and binding accounts by exploiting a situation in which deficits of inhibition should benefit relational memory binding. Older adults directed more viewing toward abrupt onsets in scenes compared with younger adults under instructions to ignore any such onsets, providing evidence for age-related inhibitory deficits, which were ameliorated with additional practice. Subsequently, objects that served as abrupt onsets underwent changes in their spatial relations. Despite successful inhibition of the onsets, eye movements of younger adults were attracted to manipulated objects. In contrast, the eye movements of older adults, who directed more viewing to the late onsets compared with younger adults, were not attracted toward manipulated regions. Similar differences between younger and older adults in viewing of manipulated regions were observed under free viewing conditions. These findings provide evidence for concurrent inhibition and binding deficits in older adults and demonstrate that age-related declines in inhibitory processing do not lead to enhanced relational memory for extraneous information.

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Section: Age-related Impairments In Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Assessment of age-related changes in inhibition and binding using eye movement monitoring.

Ryan

Leung

Turk‐Browne

et al. 2007

Psychology and Aging

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“…A more recent study found no effects of normal aging on saccade velocity, however, even for saccadic amplitudes of 20° (Munoz et al 1998). Two recent studies have moreover found normal saccadic velocities in AD and MCI (Yang et al 2011(Yang et al , 2013.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Distinctive features of microsaccades in Alzheimer’s disease and in mild cognitive impairment

Kapoula

Yang

Otero‐Millan

et al. 2013

AGE

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During visual fixation, the eyes are never completely still, but produce small involuntary movements, called "fixational eye movements," including microsaccades, drift, and tremor. In certain neurological disorders, attempted fixation results in abnormal fixational eye movements with distinctive characteristics. Thus, determining how normal fixation differs from pathological fixation has the potential to aid early and differential noninvasive diagnosis of neurological disease as well as the quantification of its progression and response to treatment. Here, we recorded the eye movements produced by patients with Alzheimer's disease, patients with mild cognitive impairment, and healthy age-matched individuals during attempted fixation. We found that microsaccade magnitudes, velocities, durations, and intersaccadic intervals were comparable in the three subject groups, but microsaccade direction differed in patients versus healthy subjects. Our results indicate that microsaccades are more prevalently oblique in patients with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment than in healthy subjects. These findings extended to those microsaccades paired in squarewave jerks, supporting the hypothesis that microsaccades and square-wave jerks form a continuum, both in healthy subjects and in neurological patients.

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“…Due to the previous findings that older persons have longer eye-movement latencies to visual targets (Abel et al 1983;Carter et al 1983;Huaman and Sharpe 1993;Scialfa and Joffe 1997;Munoz et al 1998;Klein et al 2000;Yang et al 2006;Owsley 2011) we initially hypothesised that standing would further delay these eye-movements. However, this hypothesis was not supported by our results.…”

Section: Figure 6 About Herementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various studies have suggested that older adults display longer initial eye-movement latencies towards visual targets (Abel et al 1983;Carter et al 1983;Huaman and Sharpe 1993;Munoz et al 1998;Owsley 2011). However, others have suggested the contrary; that older adults preserve the ability to produce rapid saccades with latencies similar to the young (Warabi et al 1984;Hotson and Steinke 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related effects of increasing postural challenge on eye movement onset latencies to visual targets

et al. 2016

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When a single light cue is given in the visual field, our eyes orient towards it with an average latency of 200 ms. If a second cue is presented at or around the time of the response to the first, a secondary eye movement occurs that represents a re-orientation to the new target. While studies have shown that eye movement latencies to 'single-step' targets may or may not be lengthened with age, secondary eye-movements (during 'double-step' displacements) are significantly delayed with increasing age. The aim of this study was to investigate if the postural challenge posed simply by standing (as opposed to sitting) results in significantly longer eye movement latencies in older adults compared to the young. Ten young (<35 years) and 10 older healthy adults (>65 years) participated in the study. They were required to fixate upon a central target and move their eyes in response to 2 types of stimuli: 1) a single-step perturbation of target position either 15º to the right or left, and 2) a double-step target displacement incorporating an initial target jump to the right or left by 15º, followed after 200 ms, by a shift of target position to the opposite side (e.g., +15º then -15º). All target displacement conditions were executed in sit and stand positions with the participant at the same distance from the targets. Eye movements were recorded using electro-oculography. Older adults did not show significantly longer eye movement latencies than the younger adults for single-step target displacements, and postural configuration (stand compared to sit) had no effect upon latencies for either group. We categorised double-step trials into those during which the second light changed after or before the onset of the eye shift to the first light. For the former category, young participants showed faster secondary eye shifts to the second light in the standing position, while the older adults did not. For the latter category of double-step trial, young participants showed no significant difference between sit and stand secondary eye movement latencies, but older adults were significantly longer standing compared to sitting. The older adults were significantly longer than the younger adults across both postural conditions, regardless of when the second light change occurred during the eye shift to the first light. We suggest that older adults require greater time and perhaps attentional processes to execute eye movements to unexpected changes of target position when faced with the need to maintain standing balance.

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Age-related performance of human subjects on saccadic eye movement tasks

Cited by 547 publications

References 42 publications

Assessment of age-related changes in inhibition and binding using eye movement monitoring.

Assessment of age-related changes in inhibition and binding using eye movement monitoring.

Distinctive features of microsaccades in Alzheimer’s disease and in mild cognitive impairment

Age-related effects of increasing postural challenge on eye movement onset latencies to visual targets

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