Age‐related changes of sulcal imprints on the endocranium in the Japanese macaque <i>(Macaca fuscata)</i>

Minh, Nguyễn Văn; Hamada, Yohei

doi:10.1002/ajpa.23205

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Of course, much information is lost from a real brain to its endocranial cast, which is a sort of geometrical model able to supply only some scattered information on cerebral gross cortical features and general proportions. Furthermore, the meninges and the cerebrospinal fluid are interposed between the cerebral cortex and the internal table of the braincase, separating their respective surfaces and smoothing the endocranial imprints, most of all in larger skulls [Kobayashi et al, 2014;Van Minh and Hamada, 2017]. Yet, despite these limitations, this is the only direct information we can have on the brains of extinct taxa and, therefore, deserves attention.…”

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confidence: 99%

Human Paleoneurology and the Evolution of the Parietal Cortex

Bruner¹

2018

Brain Behav Evol

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Paleoneurology deals with the study of brain anatomy in fossil species, as inferred from the morphology of their endocranial features. When compared with other living and extinct hominids, Homo sapiens is characterized by larger parietal bones and, according to the paleoneurological evidence, also by larger parietal lobes. The dorsal elements of the posterior parietal cortex (superior parietal lobules, precuneus, and intraparietal sulcus) may be involved in these morphological changes. This parietal expansion was also associated with an increase in the corresponding vascular networks, and possibly with increased heat loads. Only H. sapiens has a specific early ontogenetic stage in which brain form achieves such globular appearance. In adult modern humans, the precuneus displays remarkable variation, being largely responsible for the longitudinal parietal size. The precuneus is also much more expanded in modern humans than in chimpanzees. Parietal expansion is not influenced by brain size in fossil hominids or living primates. Therefore, our larger parietal cortex must be interpreted as a derived feature. Spatial models suggest that the dorsal and anterior areas of the precuneus might be involved in these derived morphological variations. These areas are crucial for visuospatial integration, and are sensitive to both genetic and environmental influences. This article reviews almost 20 years of my collaborations on human parietal lobe evolution, integrating functional craniology, paleoneurology, and evolutionary neuroanatomy.

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confidence: 99%

Human Paleoneurology and the Evolution of the Parietal Cortex

Bruner¹

2018

Brain Behav Evol

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“…Cortical thickness decreases in the same age period. Therefore, the cranial cavity (endocranial volume) has been shown to be enlarged in older macaques (Van Minh et al, 2017), and this has been previously investigated in humans (Israel;Lazenby, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cranial dimension has been demonstrated to increase after dental maturity in macaques and other nonhuman primates (Jones et al, 2000;Wang et al, 2007;Balolia et al, 2013;Van Minh et al, 2015), as manifested by a slight expansion of the cranial vault. Endocranial volume has also been shown to increase from mid-adulthood to older age in macaques (Van Minh & Hamada, 2017). Thus, neurocranial thickness may decrease with age, especially from mid-adulthood onward.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Age-Related Changes in the Cranial Thickness of Japanese Macaques ( Macaca fuscata )

Minh

Duong

et al. 2019

Int. J. Morphol.

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Craniometry has revealed that continuous skull expansion occurs after dental maturity in macaques and other nonhuman primates. Endocranial volume has been shown to increase with age from mid-adulthood to older age in macaques. Thus, neurocranial thickness may decrease with age, especially from mid-adulthood to older age. Here, we investigated age-related changes in the cranial thickness of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Ten cranial thickness measurements (ten neurocranial landmarks) were made using computed tomographic scans of 140 crania from adult macaques (67 males and 73 females). The cranial thickness at many sites was shown to increase in the neurocranium from young adulthood (7-9 years) to early-mid adulthood (14-19 years) in males and latemid adulthood (19-24 years) in females, while it was decreased in the oldest age group (>24 years). The cranial thickness at various sites showed a significant decrease from mid-adulthood to very old age in both sexes, although females had more sites with decreasing thickness than did males. The difference between sexes in terms of age-related changes in cranial thickness at sites on the mid-sagittal plane may be associated with the differences in the size of the projecting face and canines between males and females. The greater number of sites with decreasing thickness in females than in males may be associated with postmenopausal estrogen depletion in female macaques.

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“…Downsampling individuals from 16 to 22 µm yielded identical results, indicating the voxel size differences do not affect the results. We calculated percentage of adult body mass for age in Macaca fuscata based on data from Hamada (1994) and percentage brain volume for age in by combining data from two studies (DeSilva and Lesnik, 2008;Van Minh and Hamada, 2017) and dividing by the average adult brain volume (105.6 cm 3 , DeSilva and Lesnik, 2008). When then fit the following curve to predict percentage of adult brain volume for age in months: 0.7417*age 0.0681 .…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and development of trabecular structure in the calcaneus of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) reflects locomotor behavior, life-history, and neuromuscular development

Saers

Gordon

Ryan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We aim to broaden the analysis of bone structure by suggesting a new way to incorporate the interactions between behavior, neuromuscular development, and life-history. We examine the associations between these variables and age-related variation in trabecular structure in the calcaneus of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). If skeletal markers linking these variables can be established, our inferences of the biology and behavior of fossil species would be significantly improved. We μCT scanned the calcaneus in a cross-sectional sample of 36 juveniles aged between 0 and 7 years old and 5 adults at the Primate Research Institute, Japan. We calculated whole bone averages of standard trabecular properties and generated whole-bone morphometric maps of bone volume fraction and Youngs modulus. Trabecular structure is increasingly heterogeneous in older individuals. BV/TV decreases during the first month of life and increases afterwards, coinciding with the onset of independent locomotion. At birth, primary Youngs modulus is oriented orthogonal to the ossification center, but after locomotor onset bone structure becomes stiffest in the direction of joint surfaces and muscle attachments. Age-related variation in bone volume fraction is best predicted by an interaction between neuromaturation, body mass, and locomotor independence. Results support the common assumption that trabecular structure dynamically adapts to novel joint loading conditions during ontogeny. The timing of independent locomotion, body size, and neuromuscular development, are all correlated to age-related variation in the trabecular structure of the macaque calcaneus. The causal mechanisms behind the observed patterns cannot be directly inferred from our cross-sectional study. If the model presented in this paper holds up under longitudinal experimental conditions, trabecular structure can be used both to infer behavior from fossil morphology and to serve as a valuable proxy for neuromuscular maturation and life history events like locomotor onset and the achievement of an adult-like gait.

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Age‐related changes of sulcal imprints on the endocranium in the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata)

Cited by 13 publications

References 61 publications

Human Paleoneurology and the Evolution of the Parietal Cortex

Human Paleoneurology and the Evolution of the Parietal Cortex

Age-Related Changes in the Cranial Thickness of Japanese Macaques ( Macaca fuscata )

Growth and development of trabecular structure in the calcaneus of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) reflects locomotor behavior, life-history, and neuromuscular development

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