Age-related cellular and physiological reactions to hypoxia and hyperthermia in marine mussels

Abstract

Marine mussels Mytilus edulis (L.) from 3 different age/size groups were exposed for 24 h to combined hypoxia and hyperthermia (28 k 1°C) and subsequently reimmersed in seawater at 10 k 1°C. Exposure to the physical stressor induced lysosomal destabilisation and enlargement in the digestive cells of mussels of all ages. Recovery of lysosomal integrity was demonstrated after 24 h in seawater by the youngest mussels (2-4 yr) only. Levels of unsaturated neutral lipids increased in all mussels followlng exposure and was associated with enlarged lysosomes No consistent pattern or significant change was observed in lipid levels in mussels of any age during the recovery period. Levels of lipofuscin (stress pigment) in mussels exposed to hypoxia and hyperthermia and in those subsequently reunmersed in seawater did not follow any consistent pattern, but were generally much higher in the youngest n~ussels than in the older age groups. Recovery of metabolic rates to control levels was observed 12 h after reimmersion in seawater in the youngest mussels only. Metabolic rates of the 6-8 and 210 yr mussels remained elevated relative to the controls after this time. These findings indicate that the stress reaction is independent of age but that the potential for recovery of lysosomal integrity and metabolic rate is age-related.

Bivalve models of aging and the determination of molluscan lifespans

“…Thus, on the one hand, higher proton leak which, theoretically, Table 1 Changes of metabolic and oxidative stress parameters over lifetime in marine bivalves from different climatic environments. Data from 1: (Hopkins, 1930); 2: (Sukhotin and Pörtner, 2001); 3: (Philipp et al, 2005b); 4: (Philipp et al, 2006); 5: ; 6: ; 7: (Viarengo et al, 1991); 8: (Philipp et al, 2005a); 9: (Sukhotin et al, 2002);10 (Canesi and Viarengo, 1997); 11: (Hole et al, 1995); 12: (Strahl et al, 2007); 13: (Lomovasky et al, 2002); 14: (Viarengo et al, 1989 …”

Survivorship of juvenile surf clams Donax serra (Bivalvia, Donacidae) exposed to severe hypoxia and hydrogen sulphide

“…Lipofuscin seems to be common in molluscs, as it has been reported in situ in various tissues and organs of several species such as the gastropods Maoricrypta monoxyla (Nelson and Morton, 1979) and Aplysia punctata (Taieb and Vicente, 1999) and the bivalves Mytilus galloprovincialis (Viarengo et al, 1987(Viarengo et al, , 1990Regoli, 1992;Sarasquete et al, 1992), Mytilus edulis (Moore et al, 1980;George et al, 1982;Lowe, 1988;Burbidge et al, 1994;Hole et al, 1995;Krishnakumar et al, 1994) and Perna viridis (Krishnakumar et al, 1990;Mathew and Damodaran, 1997). Only a few findings are reported from clams so far: In the alimentary tract epithelium, in gonadal connective tissue and in the renal epithelium of Mya arenaria and Mercenaria mercenaria (Brown and O'Toole, 1978); in the digestive gland of Ruditapes phillipinarum (Sarasquete et al, 1992) and of Sunetta scripta (Mathew and Damodaran, 1997); and in the kidney of Tridacna gigas (Reid et al, 1984).…”

“…Sheehy et al, 1994Sheehy et al, , 1995O'Donovan and Tully, 1996;Wahle et al, 1996;Belchier et al, 1999;Bluhm and Brey, 2001). In molluscs, however, lipofuscin accumulation has been studied primarily in relation to stress (Krishnakumar et al, 1990;Viarengo et al, 1990;Hole et al, 1992Hole et al, , 1993Hole et al, , 1995Mathew and Damodaran, 1997). Our study is the first to show a clear relationship between age and lipofuscin in situ in a bivalve.…”

“…Molluscs studies of lipofuscin in situ have focused primarily on the effect of stress such as exposure to heavy metals or anoxic conditions (e.g. Krishnakumar et al, 1990Krishnakumar et al, , 1994Viarengo et al, 1990;Sarasquete et al, 1992;Hole et al, 1992Hole et al, , 1993Hole et al, , 1995Mathew and Damodaran, 1997). The few studies relating lipofuscin to age in molluscs (Clarke et al, 1990;Zielinski and Pörtner, 2000;Sukhotin et al, 2002) are based on solvent extraction of autofluorescent substances.…”

Indication of Ecological Condition of the Black Sea Mussels and Their Habitat Using Natural Radionuclide Polonium-210

“…210 Po в мидиях могут быть обусловлены условиями среды, прежде всего соленостью или температурой (Hole et al, 1995), видом загрязнений (Germain et al, 1992;Swift et al, 1995;Ryan et al, 1999;Carvalho et al, 2010Carvalho et al, , 2011 и такими биологи-ческими параметрами, как стадии репродук-тивного цикла. Так как 210 Ро ассоциируется, в основном, с белками и аминокислотами (Cherry, Shannon, 1974;Wildgust et al, 1999) …”