Age, job characteristics and coronary health

McCarthy, Vera J. C.; Perry, Ivan J.; Greiner, Birgit A.

doi:10.1093/occmed/kqs139

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Workers >50 years who had a cardiac event were found to be more likely to have low job control whereas no association was found for younger workers (21). Although BP usually increases with age, older workers are thought to adapt to their work environment where control over their work has developed with time (13), but this may vary by social class.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Job control and ambulatory blood pressure

McCarthy¹,

Perry²,

Greiner³

2014

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Objective: The effect of work on blood pressure (BP) in a general population with appropriate adjustment for confounders is not well defined. High job control has been found to be associated with lower BP and with nocturnal BP dipping. However, with older workers this may be compromised and has not been studied extensively. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on a primary care-based sample (N=2047) aged 50–69 years. Data were collected on sociodemographic factors, medication, clinic, and ambulatory blood pressure. Job control was measured using two scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) (possibility for development and influence at work). Nocturnal systolic BP (SBP) dipping was the reduction in SBP from day- to night-time using ambulatory SBP readings. Results: In general, BP increased with age, male gender, and higher body mass index. Workers with high influence at work and high possibility for development were more likely to have high asleep SBP [odds ratio (OR) 2.13, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.05–4.34, P=0.04], (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.11–4.66, P=0.03) respectively. Influence at work and awake BP were inversely associated: awake SBP (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.35–4.41, P<0.01), awake DBP (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.24–4.72, P=0.01). No association was seen between job control and nocturnal SBP dipping. Conclusion: Older workers with high job control may be more at risk of cardiovascular disease resulting from high day- and night-time BP with no evidence of nocturnal dipping

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confidence: 98%

“…Research has found older workers to be more vulnerable to adverse work characteristics particularly with regard to physical health (20,21). Workers >50 years who had a cardiac event were found to be more likely to have low job control whereas no association was found for younger workers (21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Job control and ambulatory blood pressure

McCarthy¹,

Perry²,

Greiner³

2014

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…In what was, to our knowledge, the sole previous study on this topic, job strain (a combination of high demands and low control) was not associated with poor BP control among aging workers treated for hypertension (18). This previous study was conducted among older workers (mean age of >60 years) for whom the influence of work stressors on cardiovascular health might differ (19). In addition, BP was measured using a manually operated device, which is not equivalent to ABP measurements, recognized as the gold standard method for the diagnosis of hypertension (20).…”

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confidence: 79%

Effort-Reward Imbalance at Work and the Prevalence of Unsuccessfully Treated Hypertension Among White-Collar Workers

Trudel¹,

Milot²,

Gilbert-Ouimet³

et al. 2017

American Journal of Epidemiology

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We examined the association between effort-reward imbalance (ERI) exposure at work and unsuccessfully treated hypertension among white-collar workers from a large cohort in Quebec City, Canada. The study used a repeated cross-sectional design involving 3 waves of data collection (2000-2009). The study sample was composed of 474 workers treated for hypertension, accounting for 739 observations. At each observation, ERI was measured using validated scales, and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) was measured every 15 minutes during the working day. Unsuccessfully treated hypertension was defined as daytime ambulatory BP of at least 135/85 mm Hg and was further divided into masked and sustained hypertension. Adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Participants in the highest tertile of ERI exposure had a higher prevalence of unsuccessfully treated hypertension (prevalence ratio = 1.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.16, 1.81) after adjustment for gender, age, education, family history of cardiovascular diseases, body mass index, diabetes, smoking, sedentary behaviors, and alcohol intake. The present study supports the effect of adverse psychosocial work factors from the ERI model on BP control in treated workers. Reducing these frequent exposures at work might lead to substantial benefits on BP control at the population level.

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“…A recent meta-analysis found workers who reported job strain were more likely to have unhealthy lifestyles in cross-sectional analysis and further in longitudinal analyses, workers with high job strain at baseline were less likely to have assumed a healthy lifestyle at follow-up ( Heikkilä et al, 2013 ). Cardiovascular outcomes have been investigated for older workers ( Mc Carthy et al, 2012 ), however antecedents (alcohol intake, smoking, inactivity, poor diet) of this chronic disease are important to consider in this age group. Previous work has focussed either on lifestyle factors in a general population sample ( Harrington et al, 2010 ) or on lifestyle factors in a work sample ( Siegrist and Rodel, 2006 ), but to the best of our knowledge not specifically on older heterogeneous workers investigating the positive aspects of work for protective health behaviours.…”

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confidence: 99%

Co-occurrence of protective health behaviours and perceived psychosocial job characteristics

McCarthy

Perry

Harrington

et al. 2015

Preventive Medicine Reports

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Little is known about the association between positive job characteristics of older workers and the co-occurrence of protective health behaviours. This study aims to investigate the association between perceived psychosocial job characteristics and the adoption of protective health behaviours. A population-based cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 1025 males and females (age-range 50–69-years) attending a primary healthcare clinic. Perceived job characteristics (job demands: quantitative and cognitive demands; resources: possibility for development and influence at work) were determined using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Each scale is presented in tertiles. Protective health behaviours were; consumption of five or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day, moderate alcohol, non/ex-smoker, and high and moderate physical activity. Each participant was scored 0–4 protective health behaviours. The majority of the sample had three protective health behaviours. Higher levels of influence at work and cognitive demands were associated with higher self-reported physical activity, but not with any number of protective health behaviours. Conversely, higher quantitative and higher cognitive demands were associated with reporting any number of protective health behaviours or above average number of protective health behaviours respectively. The findings on protective health behaviours were inconsistent in relation to the different measures of perceived psychosocial job characteristics and were largely confined to physical activity and diet.

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Age, job characteristics and coronary health

Abstract: Job control emerged as a potential protective factor for heart disease and this evidence was stronger in the older male worker. Nevertheless, they were significantly more likely to have job strain. These results suggest that older workers may be more susceptible to job strain.

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Job control and ambulatory blood pressure

Job control and ambulatory blood pressure

Effort-Reward Imbalance at Work and the Prevalence of Unsuccessfully Treated Hypertension Among White-Collar Workers

Co-occurrence of protective health behaviours and perceived psychosocial job characteristics

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